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ASTM A234/A234M-01a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service

Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction covered by the latest revision of ASME B16.9, B16.11, B16.28, MSS SP-79, and MSS SP-95. These fittings are for use in pressure piping and in pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures. Fittings differing from these ASME and MSS standards shall be furnished in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A960.
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for fittings where a greater degree of examination is desired. When desired, one or more of these supplementary requirements may be specified in the order.
1.3 This specification does not cover cast welding fittings or fittings machined from castings. Cast steel welding fittings are governed by Specifications A216/A216M and A217/A217M.
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-2001
ICS
23.040.40 - Metal fittings
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.22 - Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM A234/A234M-02 - Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
Effective Date
10-Jun-2002

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ASTM A234/A234M-01a - Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature ServiceASTM A234/A234M-01a - Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
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ASTM A234/A234M-01a - Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Used in USDOE-NE Standards
Designation: A 234/A 234M – 01a An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for
1
Moderate and High Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 234/A 234M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.2 ASTM Standards:
2 A 216/A 216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon,
1.1 This specification covers wrought carbon steel and
Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Ser-
alloysteelfittingsofseamlessandweldedconstructioncovered
3
vice
by the latest revision of ASME B16.9, B16.11, B16.28, MSS
A 217/A 217M Specification for Steel Castings, Marten-
SP-79, and MSS SP-95. These fittings are for use in pressure
sitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts
piping and in pressure vessel fabrication for service at moder-
3
Suitable for High-Temperature Service
ate and elevated temperatures. Fittings differing from these
A 960 Specification for Common Requirements for
ASME and MSS standards shall be furnished in accordance
4
Wrought Steel Piping Fittings
with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A 960.
5
2.3 ASME Standards:
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
B16.9 Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
fittings where a greater degree of examination is desired.When
B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, SocketWelding andThreaded
desired, one or more of these supplementary requirements may
B16.28 Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Short Radius Elbows
be specified in the order.
and Returns
1.3 This specification does not cover cast welding fittings or
5
2.4 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
fittings machined from castings. Cast steel welding fittings are
Section V Nondestructive Examination
governed by Specifications A 216/A 216M and A 217/
Section VIII, Division 1, Pressure Vessels
A 217M.
Section IX Welding Qualifications
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
6
2.5 MSS Standards:
and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the
MSS SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings,
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate-
Flanges, and Unions
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
MSS SP-79 Socket Welding Reducer Inserts
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
MSS SP-95 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
2.6 ASNT Standard:
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
SNT-TC-1A(1984) Recommended Practice for Nondestruc-
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
7
tive Testing Personnel Qualification and Certification
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
3. Ordering Information
cation.
3.1 See Specification A 960.
2. Referenced Documents
4. General Requirements
2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed in
4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform to
Specification A 960, the following list of standards apply to
the requirements of SpecificationA 960, including any supple-
this specification.
mentary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order.
1 3
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.
4
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
5
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for PipingApplications and Bolting Available from ASME International, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. 10016–5990.
6
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2001. Published January 2002. Originally
AvailablefromManufacturersStandardizationSocietyoftheValveandFittings
published as A 234 – 40 T. Last previous edition A 234/A 234M – 01. Industry, 1815 N. Fort Myer Drive, Arlington, VA 22209.
2 7
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 4153 Arlingate
cation SA-234 in Section II of that Code. Plaza, Columbus, OH 43228-0518.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A 234/A 234M
NOTE 1—Fittings NPS-4 and under may be machined from hot-forged
Failure to comply with the requirements of SpecificationA 960
or r
...

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SCOPE
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Note 1: Products manufactured to this specification may not be suitable for those applications such as dynamically loaded elements in welded structures, etc., where low-temperature notch-toughness properties, which are typically measured by Charpy Impact testing, may be important. There are other ASTM standards that do have CVN requirements and may be more suitable for those applications.  
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SCOPE
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ASTM A234/A234M-23a(Specification)
Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction. These fittings are for use in pressure piping and in pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures. The material for fittings shall consist of killed steel, forgings, bars, plates, seamless or fusion-welded tubular products with filler metal added. Forging or shaping operations may be performed by hammering, pressing, piercing, extruding, upsetting, rolling, bending, fusion welding, machining, or by a combination of two or more of these operations. The forming procedure shall be so applied that it will not produce injurious imperfections in the fittings. Fittings, after forming at an elevated temperature, shall be cooled to a temperature below the critical range under suitable conditions to prevent injurious defects caused by too rapid cooling, but in no case more rapidly than the cooling rate in still air. The fittings shall be subjected to tension test, hardness test, and hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction covered by the latest revision of ASME B16.9, B16.11, MSS-SP-79, MSS-SP-83, MSS-SP-95, and MSS-SP-97. These fittings are for use in pressure piping and in pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures. Fittings differing from these ASME and MSS standards shall be furnished in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A960/A960M.  
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Standard Specification for Hot Isostatically-Pressed Stainless Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts for High Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
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This specification covers several grades of carbon and low alloy steel forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings and valves for low-temperature service. The steel specimens shall be melt processed using open-hearth, basic oxygen, electric furnace or vacuum-induction melting. A sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation. The materials shall be forged and shall undergo heat treatment such as normalizing, tempering, quenching and precipitation heat treatment. Heat analysis and product analysis shall be performed wherein the steel materials shall conform to the required chemical compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, copper, columbium, vanadium, and nitrogen. The materials shall also undergo tension tests and shall conform to the required values of tensile strength, yield strength and elongation. Impact tests shall also be performed and the steel materials shall conform to the required values of minimum impact energy, temperature, and minimum equivalent absorbed energy. Hardness and hydrostatic tests shall also be performed.
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1.1 This specification2 covers several grades of carbon and low-alloy steel forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings and valves intended primarily for low-temperature service and requiring notch toughness testing. They are made to specified dimensions, or to dimensional standards, such as the ASME and API Specifications referenced in Section 2. Although this specification covers some piping components machined from rolled bar and seamless tubular materials (see 5.3.3), it does not cover raw material produced in these product forms.  
1.2 No limitation on size is intended beyond the ability of the manufacturer to obtain the specified requirements. However, Class 3 of Grade LF787 is only available in the quenched-and-precipitation heat treated condition.  
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1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
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ASTM A960/A960M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Wrought Steel Piping Fittings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the common requirements that shall apply to wrought steel piping fittings. The material shall consist of forgings, bars, plates, and seamless or welded tubular products. Ferritic steels shall be fully killed. Hollow cylindrically shaped parts up to and including NPS 4 may be machined from bar or seamless tubular material. Elbows, return bends, tees, and header tees shall not be machined directly from bar stock. The following procedures shall be done for heat treatment: full annealing, solution annealing, isothermal annealing, normalizing, tempering and post-weld heat treatment, stress relieving, and quench and temper. Chemical analysis, heat analysis, and product analysis shall also be done. The chemical requirements shall conform to the required compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, columbium, titanium, aluminum, lead, and copper. The following tests shall be done for the mechanical requirements: tension, hardness, impact, and hydrostatic tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements that shall apply to wrought steel piping fittings covered in any of the following individual product specifications or any other ASTM specification that invokes this specification or portions thereof:    
Title of Specification  
ASTM
Designation  
Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought
Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and
High Temperature Service  
A234/A234M    
Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless
Steel Piping Fittings  
A403/A403M    
Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon
Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service  
A420/A420M    
Specification for Wrought-Carbon Steel Butt-Welding
Piping Fittings with Improved Notch Toughness  
A758/A758M    
Specification for As-Welded Wrought Austenitic
Stainless Steel Fittings for General Corrosive
Service at Low and Moderate Temperatures  
A774/A774M    
Specification for Wrought Ferritic, Ferritic/Austenitic,
and Martensitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings  
A815/A815M    
Specification for Heat-Treated Carbon Steel
Fittings for Low-Temperature and Corrosive Service  
A858/A858M    
Specification for Wrought High-Strength
Ferritic Steel Butt-Welding Fittings  
A860/A860M  
1.2 In case of conflict between a requirement of the individual product specification and a requirement of this general requirement specification, the requirements of the individual product specification shall prevail over those of this specification.  
1.3 By mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, additional requirements may be specified (See 4.1.8). The acceptance of any such additional requirements shall be dependent on negotiations with the supplier and must be included in the order as agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text and the tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation [SI] of the product specification is specified in the order.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM A815/A815M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Wrought Ferritic, Ferritic/Austenitic, and Martensitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two general classes, WP and CR, of wrought ferritic, ferritic/austenitic, and martensitic stainless steel fittings of seamless and welded construction. Class WP fittings are subdivided into four subclasses: Classes WP-S, WP-W, WP-WX, and WP-WU. The material for fittings shall consist of forgings, bars, plates, or seamless or welded tubular products. The steel shall be melted by electric furnace, vacuum furnace, or electric furnace followed by vacuum or electroslag-consumable remelting. Forging or shaping operations shall be performed by hammering, pressing, piercing, extruding, upsetting, rolling, bending, fusion welding, machining or by combination of two or more of these operations. The materials shall undergo heat treatment and shall follow the required cooling process and tempering temperature. Chemical and product analyses shall be performed and shall conform to the required chemical composition in carbon, manganese, phosphorus, silicon, sulfur, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, copper, nitrogen, and titanium. The mechanical properties of the fitting material shall conform to the required values in yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two general classes, WP and CR, of wrought ferritic, ferritic/austenitic, and martensitic stainless steel fittings of seamless and welded construction covered by the latest revision of Specification A960/A960M. Fittings differing from these standards may be furnished in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A960/A960M.  
1.1.1 Class WP fittings are subdivided into four subclasses: Classes WP-S, WP-W, WP-WX, and WP-WU. They are manufactured to the requirements of Specification A960/A960M, and they shall have pressure ratings compatible with 13.2. Class WP-S fittings are those manufactured from seamless product by a seamless method of manufacture (marked with class symbol WP-S); Class WP-W fittings are those which contain welds where the fitting fabrication or construction welds have been radiographed (marked with class symbol WP-W); and Class WP-WX fittings are those which contain welds where all welds have been radiographed (marked with class symbol WP-WX); and Class WP-WU fittings are those which contain welds where all welds have been ultrasonically tested (marked with class symbol WP-WU).  
1.1.2 Class CR fittings are those manufactured to the requirements of MSS SP-43, and they shall have pressure ratings compatible with 13.3.  
1.2 This specification does not apply to cast fittings.  
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided. When desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order.  
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation [SI units], the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A420/A420M-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel pipe fittings of seamless and welded construction for use in pressure piping and pressure vessel service at low temperatures. Materials shall consist of forgings, bars, plates, seamless or fusion welded tubular products with filler metal added, and shall be produced by open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace process. Forging or forming operations shall be performed by one or a combination of two or more of the following procedures: hammering, pressing, piercing, extruding, upsetting, working, bending, fusion-welding, or machining. All welding shall be completed prior to the austenitizing heat treatment, which shall be executed in the normalized, normalized and tempered, annealed, or quenched and tempered conditions. Steel specimens shall conform to required values of chemical composition, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, wall thickness, and Charpy V-notch impact value. All fusion-welded butt joints shall undergo radiographic examination, while hydrostatic testing of fittings is not required in this specification. Repair welding shall be permissible for parts made to dimensional standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction, covered by the latest revision of ASME B16.9, ASME B16.11, MSS SP-79, MSS SP-83, MSS SP-95, and MSS SP-97. Fittings differing from these ASME and MSS standards shall be furnished in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A960/A960M. These fittings are for use in pressure piping and pressure vessel service at low temperatures.  
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for fittings where a greater degree of examination is desired. When desired, one or more of these supplementary requirements shall be specified in the order.  
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A787/A787M-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Metallic-Coated Carbon Steel Mechanical Tubing

ABSTRACT
This guide covers standard specification for round, square, rectangular, and special shape, electric-resistance-welded mechanical tubing, either zinc-coated (galvanized) after welding or produced from aluminum-coated, zinc-coated (galvanized), zinc-iron alloy-coated (galvannealed), or aluminum-zinc alloy-coated steel sheet. Low-carbon steels and other carbon steels shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur. The steels shall conform to elemental tolerances for product analysis. Wall thickness tolerances for premetallic coated as-welded tubing and diameter tolerances for metallic-coated round tubing shall be provided.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers round, square, rectangular, and special shape, electric-resistance-welded carbon steel mechanical tubing, either zinc-coated (galvanized) after welding or produced from aluminum-coated, zinc-coated (galvanized), zinc-iron alloy-coated (galvannealed), 55 % aluminum-zinc alloy-coated, or zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy-coated carbon steel sheet. Tubing for use as electrical conduit (EMT) or intermediate metallic conduit (IMC) is not covered by this specification.  
1.1.1 The product is available in various grades based on chemical requirements (Sections 5 and 9).  
1.1.2 The product is available in various Types (Section 3).  
1.2 This specification covers mechanical tubing with outside diameters or maximum outside dimensions ranging from 1/2 to 15 in. [12.7 to 380.0 mm] and wall thickness from 0.028 to 0.180 in. [0.70 to 4.60 mm]. Indeterminate wall thicknesses may be ordered. In those cases the more stringent tolerances of Tables 3, 4, 5, 6, 12 and 13 shall apply.  
1.3 When sizes within the ranges listed above are ordered, all other requirements of the specification shall be met.  
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order specifies the applicable M specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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