ASTM D5125-10

Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Paints and Related Materials by ISO Flow Cups

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful for the determination of package and application viscosities of paints and other coatings. It is limited to Newtonian or near-Newtonian liquids.
This test method may be used similarly to ISO 2431 in conjunction with flashpoint to determine the hazard grouping of viscous liquids in international regulations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flow time (viscosity) of Newtonian and near-Newtonian paints, and related coatings and products using ISO capillary flow cups.
Note 1—If the liquid is non-Newtonian, that is shear-thinning or thixotropic, Test Methods D2196 should be used.  
1.2 The cup-orifice combination (ISO cup with orifice diameter of 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, or 6 mm) is selected to provide an efflux time with the range of 20 to 100 s and viscosities up to 700 cSt (700 mm2/s). The most commonly used cup is the one with the 4-mm orifice.
1.3 This test method is limited to testing materials for which the breakpoint of the flow from the orifice of the flow cup can be determined with certainty. This point is difficult to determine and reproduce for materials with flow times in excess of 100 s due to slowing-down effects.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2—The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) include in their regulations a similar test (ISO 2431) to determine the viscosity of hazardous viscous liquids. The viscosity is then used to place these liquids in a hazard packaging group depending on their viscosity/flashpoint relationship. The U. S. Department of Transportation permits the use of these regulations for transhipment of hazardous material within the U.S. when bound for foreign destinations.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2010
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.24 - Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5125 − 10
StandardTest Method for
1
Viscosity of Paints and Related Materials by ISO Flow Cups
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5125; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flow
D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-
time (viscosity) of Newtonian and near-Newtonian paints, and
Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type)
related coatings and products using ISO capillary flow cups.
Viscometer
NOTE 1—If the liquid is non-Newtonian, that is shear-thinning or D3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning and
thixotropic, Test Methods D2196 should be used.
Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related
1.2 The cup-orifice combination (ISO cup with orifice
2 Pigmented Coatings
diameter of 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, or 6 mm) is selected to
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
provide an efflux time with the range of 20 to 100 s and
2 2.2 ISO Documents:
viscosities up to 700 cSt (700 mm /s). The most commonly
ISO2431 PaintsandVarnishes:DeterminationofFlowTime
used cup is the one with the 4-mm orifice.
4
by Use of a Flow Cup
1.3 Thistestmethodislimitedtotestingmaterialsforwhich
3. Terminology
the breakpoint of the flow from the orifice of the flow cup can
3.1 Definitions:
be determined with certainty. This point is difficult to deter-
3.1.1 dynamic viscosity, n—the ratio of the applied shear
mine and reproduce for materials with flow times in excess of
stress to shear rate.
100 s due to slowing-down effects.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—TheSIunitfordynamicviscosityisthe
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
pascal second (Pas). The traditional unit is the centipoise (cP);
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
1 cP = 1 mPas.
only.
3.1.2 flow time, n—the elapsed time from the moment when
the material under test starts to flow from the orifice of the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety
filled cup to the moment when the flow stream of material first
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
breaks close to the orifice.
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory 3.1.3 kinematic viscosity, n—the ratio of the dynamic vis-
limitations prior to use. cosity to the density of the liquid.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The SI unit for kinematic viscosity is
NOTE 2—The International CivilAviation Organization (ICAO) and the 2
the square metre per second (m /s). The traditional unit is the
International Maritime Organization (IMO) include in their regulations a
2
centistokes (cSt); 1 cSt = 1 mm /s.
similar test (ISO 2431) to determine the viscosity of hazardous viscous
liquids. The viscosity is then used to place these liquids in a hazard 3.1.4 near-Newtonian liquid, n—a liquid in which the varia-
packaging group depending on their viscosity/flashpoint relationship. The
tion of viscosity with shear rate is small and the effect on
U.S.DepartmentofTransportationpermitstheuseoftheseregulationsfor
viscosity of mechanical disturbances such as stirring is negli-
transhipment of hazardous material within the U.S. when bound for
gible.
foreign destinations.
3.1.5 Newtonian liquid, n—a liquid in which the viscosity is
independent of the shear stress or shear rate. Compare non-
Newtonian liquid.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
3
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally approved contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5125 – 97 (2005). DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5125-10. the ASTM website.
2
4
An ISO-type cup with an orifice diameter of 8 mm is available, but it is not Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
listed in ISO 2431 and precision and accuracy are not known. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5125–97(Reapproved2005) Designation:D5125–10
Standard Test Method for
1
Viscosity of Paints and Related Materials by ISO Flow Cups
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5125; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flow time (viscosity) of Newtonian and near-Newtonian paints, and related
coatings and products using ISO capillary flow cups.
NOTE 1—If the liquid is non-Newtonian, that is shear-thinning or thixotropic, Test Methods D2196 should be used.
2
1.2 Thecup-orificecombination(ISOcupwithorificediameterof3mm,4mm,5mm,or6mm) isselectedtoprovideanefflux
2
time with the range of 20 to 100 s and viscosities up to 700 cSt (700 mm /s). The most commonly used cup is the one with the
4-mm orifice.
1.3 This test method is limited to testing materials for which the breakpoint of the flow from the orifice of the flow cup can be
determined with certainty. This point is difficult to determine and reproduce for materials with flow times in excess of 100 s due
to slowing-down effects.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
NOTE 2—The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) include in their regulations a
similar test (ISO 2431) to determine the viscosity of hazardous viscous liquids. The viscosity is then used to place these liquids in a hazard packaging
group depending on their viscosity/flashpoint relationship. The U. S. Department of Transportation permits the use of these regulations for transhipment
of hazardous material within the U.S. when bound for foreign destinations.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type) Viscometer
D3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
2.2 ISO Documents:
4
ISO 2431 Paints and Varnishes: Determination of Flow Time by Use of a Flow Cup
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 dynamic viscosity, n—the ratio of the applied shear stress to shear rate.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The SI unit for dynamic viscosity is the pascal second (Pas). The traditional unit is the centipoise (cP); 1
cP = 1 mPas.
3.1.2 flow time, n—the elapsed time from the moment when the material under test starts to flow from the orifice of the filled
cup to the moment when the flow stream of material first breaks close to the orifice.
3.1.3 kinematic viscosity, n—the ratio of the dynamic viscosity to the density of the liquid.
2
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The SI unit for kinematic viscosity is the square metre per second (m /s). The traditional unit is the
2
centistokes (cSt); 1 cSt = 1 mm /s.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints &and Paint Materials.
Current edition approved May 15, 2005.July 1, 2010. Published June 2005.July 2010. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 19972005 as
D5125 – 97 (2005). DOI: 10.1520/D5125-97R05.10.1520/D5125-10.
2
An ISO-type cup with an orifice diameter of 8 mm is available, but it is not listed in ISO 2431 and precision and accuracy are not known.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States
...