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ASTM C757-90(1996)e1

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Dioxide Powder, Sinterable

Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Dioxide Powder, Sinterable

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nuclear grade plutonium dioxide, sinterable powder obtained by the oxalate precipitation route, calcined above 500°C, or any other equivalent process acceptable to the purchaser. Included is plutonium dioxide of various isotopic compositions as normally prepared by in-reactor neutron irradiation of natural- or slightly enriched uranium or by in-reactor neutron irradiation of recycled plutonium mixed with uranium.
1.2 There is no discussion of or provision for preventing criticality incidents, nor are health and safety requirements, the avoidance of hazards, or shipping precautions and controls discussed. Observance of this specification does not relieve the user of the obligation to be aware of and conform to all Federal, state, and local regulations on processing, shipping, or using source or special nuclear materials. Examples of U.S. Government documents are N7.2 Radiation Protection in Nuclear Reactor Fuel Fabrication Plants , Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10 Nuclear Safety Guide, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission Report TID-7016 , and "Handbook of Nuclear Safety", H. K. Clark, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission Report, DP-532 .
1.3 The PuO2 shall be produced by the processor employing a qualified process and in accordance with a quality assurance program approved by the user.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1989
Technical Committee
C26 - Nuclear Fuel Cycle
Drafting Committee
C26.02 - Fuel and Fertile Material Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C757-90(2002) - Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Dioxide Powder, Sinterable
Effective Date
26-Oct-1990

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ASTM C757-90(1996)e1 - Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Dioxide Powder, SinterableASTM C757-90(1996)e1 - Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Dioxide Powder, Sinterable
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ASTM C757-90(1996)e1 - Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Dioxide Powder, Sinterable
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e1
Designation: C 757 – 90 (Reapproved 1996)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Dioxide Powder, Sinterable
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 757; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Keywords were added editorially in July 1996.
INTRODUCTION
This specification is intended to provide the nuclear industry with a general standard for sinterable
plutonium dioxide powder. It recognizes the diversity of manufacturing methods by which plutonium
dioxide powders are produced, and the many special requirements for chemical and physical
characterization that may be imposed by the end use of the powder in a specific reactor system. It is,
therefore, anticipated that the purchaser may supplement this specification with more stringent or
additional requirements for specific applications.
1. Scope 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard.
1.1 This specification covers nuclear grade plutonium diox-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ide, sinterable powder obtained by the oxalate precipitation
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
route, calcined above 500°C, or any other equivalent process
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
acceptable to the purchaser. Included is plutonium dioxide of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
various isotopic compositions as normally prepared by in-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
reactor neutron irradiation of natural- or slightly enriched
uranium or by in-reactor neutron irradiation of recycled pluto- 2. Referenced Documents
nium mixed with uranium.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 There is no discussion of or provision for preventing
C 697 Test Method for Chemical, Mass Spectrometric, and
criticality incidents, nor are health and safety requirements, the
Spectrochemical Analysis of Nuclear-Grade Plutonium
avoidance of hazards, or shipping precautions and controls
Dioxide Powders and Pellets
discussed. Observance of this specification does not relieve the
2.2 ANSI Standards:
user of the obligation to be aware of and conform to all
N7.2 Radiation Protection in Nuclear Reactor Fuel Fabrica-
Federal, state, and local regulations on processing, shipping, or
tion Plants
using source or special nuclear materials. Examples of U.S.
ANSI–ASME NQA-1 Quality Assurance Program Require-
Government documents are N7.2 Radiation Protection in
ments for Nuclear Facilities
Nuclear Reactor Fuel Fabrication Plants , Code of Federal
2.3 U.S. Government Documents:
Regulations, Title 10 Nuclear Safety Guide, U.S. Atomic
Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Nuclear Safety
Energy Commission Report TID-7016 , and “Handbook of
Guide, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission Report TID-
Nuclear Safety”, H. K. Clark, U.S. Atomic Energy Commis-
sion Report, DP-532 .
“ Handbook of Nuclear Safety,” Clark, H. K., U.S. Atomic
1.3 The PuO shall be produced by the processor employing Energy Commission Report, DP-532
a qualified process and in accordance with a quality assurance 2.4 ISO Standard:
program approved by the user. ISO 8300 Determination of Pu content in plutonium dioxide
(PuO ) of Nuclear Grade Quality, Gravimetric Method
3. Isotopic Content
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-26 on
3.1 Concentrations and homogeneity ranges of the pluto-
Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.02 on Fuel
nium isotopes shall be as specified by the purchaser.
and Fertile Material Specifications.
3.2 The isotopic composition of the final product shall be
Current edition approved Oct. 26, 1990. Published February 1991. Originally
published as C 757 – 74. Last previous edition C 757 – 83.
determined by mass spectrometry and shall be reported on a
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
weight basis.
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 12.01.
C 757
4. Chemical Composition 6. Sampling
6.1 Plutonium oxide is hygroscopic and can absorb suffi-
4.1 The necessary chemical analyses shall be performed on
cient water during exposure to a moist atmosphere to cause
portions of a representative sample taken in accordance with
detectable analytical errors. Sampling, weighing of the sample,
the Sampling section after sampling within an agreed period.
and handling the sample shall be done under atmospheric
Analytical results shall be reported on a plutonium basis.
conditions that do not alter the moisture or impurity content, or
4.1.1 The uranium content of the plutonium dioxide shall be
both, of the sample.
measured and reported.
6.2 A representative sample of powder shall be taken from
4.1.2 The thorium content of the plutonium dioxide shall
each lot.
not exceed 200 μg/g of plutonium.
6.2.1 A lot is defined as the quantity of material that is
4.1.3 The americium content shall be measured and re-
uniform in isotopic, chemical, and physical characteristics.
ported. The maximum acceptable americium content shall be
6.2.2
...

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5.1 Coefficients of linear thermal expansion are used, for example, for design purposes and to determine if failure by thermal stress may occur when a solid body composed of two different materials is subjected to temperature variations.  
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5.1 Research O.N. correlates with commercial automotive spark-ignition engine antiknock performance under mild conditions of operation.  
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1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the knock rating of liquid spark-ignition engine fuel in terms of Research O.N., including fuels that contain up to 25 % v/v of ethanol. However, this test method may not be applicable to fuel and fuel components that are primarily oxygenates.2 The sample fuel is tested using a standardized single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable compression ratio, carbureted, CFR engine run in accordance with a defined set of operating conditions. The O.N. scale is defined by the volumetric composition of PRF blends. The sample fuel knock intensity is compared to that of one or more PRF blends. The O.N. of the PRF blend that matches the K.I. of the sample fuel establishes the Research O.N.  
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5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
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1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
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4.1 Flash X-ray facilities provide intense bremsstrahlung radiation environments, usually in a single sub-microsecond pulse, which often fluctuates in amplitude, shape, and spectrum from shot to shot. Therefore, appropriate dosimetry must be fielded on every exposure to characterize the environment, see ICRU Report 34. These intense bremsstrahlung sources have a variety of applications which include the following:
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5.1.1 Duration of the test: 16 h is understood, if not otherwise specified;  
5.1.2 Permissible change in flame shape and dimensions during the test;  
5.1.3 Description of the acceptable appearance of the chimney deposit.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of the burning properties of kerosene to be used for illuminating purposes. (Warning—Combustible. Vapor harmful.)
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1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements appear throughout the test method.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers unreinforced vulcanized rubber sheets made from ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) or butyl (IIR), intended for use in preventing water under hydrostatic pressure from entering a structure.  
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SCOPE
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