ASTM D3532/D3532M-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Gel Time of Carbon Fiber-Epoxy Prepreg
Standard Test Method for Gel Time of Carbon Fiber-Epoxy Prepreg
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method can be used to obtain the gel time of resin squeezed from prepreg tape or sheet material. This test is a useful measure for material acceptance.
4.2 The gel time will vary with the test temperature. The temperatures specified in this test method are two of many temperatures often used in processing epoxy prepreg material. If other test temperatures are used, this is to be clearly noted as indicated in 10.1.2.
4.3 Gel time is not recommended as a measure of out time (unacceptable degree of cross-linking). Use Resin Flow Test Method D3531/D3531M, Dynamic Viscosity Test Method D4473, or Dynamic Mechanical Procedures Test Method D7750.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of gel time of carbon fiber-epoxy tape and sheet. The test method is suitable for the measurement of gel time of resin systems having either high or low viscosity.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.2.1 Within the text, inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3532/D3532M − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Gel Time of Carbon Fiber-Epoxy Prepreg
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3532/D3532M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Resins by Dynamic Mechanical Procedures using an
Encapsulated Specimen Rheometer
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofgeltimeof
carbon fiber-epoxy tape and sheet. The test method is suitable
3. Summary of Test Method
for the measurement of gel time of resin systems having either
3.1 A specimen of prepreg material approximately 5 mm
high or low viscosity.
[0.25in.]squareisplacedbetweenmicroscopecoverglasseson
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
a hot plate preheated to either of two test temperatures, 120 or
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
175°C [250 or 350°F]. Pressure is applied to the specimen
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
through the coverglass with a wood pick to manipulate the
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
resin. The time from the application of heat until the resin
used independently of the other, and values from the two
ceasestoflowbycontactwiththepickisnotedandreportedas
systems shall not be combined.
the gel time.
1.2.1 Within the text, inch-pound units are shown in brack-
4. Significance and Use
ets.
4.1 This test method can be used to obtain the gel time of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
resin squeezed from prepreg tape or sheet material.This test is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
a useful measure for material acceptance.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 The gel time will vary with the test temperature. The
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
temperatures specified in this test method are two of many
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
temperatures often used in processing epoxy prepreg material.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Ifothertesttemperaturesareused,thisistobeclearlynotedas
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the indicated in 10.1.2.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.3 Gel time is not recommended as a measure of out time
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
(unacceptable degree of cross-linking). Use Resin Flow Test
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Method D3531/D3531M, Dynamic Viscosity Test Method
D4473, or Dynamic Mechanical Procedures Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
D7750.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Interferences
D3531/D3531MTest Method for Resin Flow of Carbon
5.1 The test is a subjective measure of when a gel point is
Fiber-Epoxy Prepreg
reached. The visual evidence of gel may vary between
D4473TestMethodforPlastics:DynamicMechanicalProp-
materials, reinforcements, and, in some cases, between resin
erties: Cure Behavior
material batches. If the definition of gel in this method is not
D7750Test Method for Cure Behavior of Thermosetting
sufficiently standard for a given material, interested parties
shall agree on a further definition of gelation.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
6. Apparatus
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.03 on
Constituent/Precursor Properties.
6.1 Cutting Knife.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2019. Published September 2019. Originally
6.2 Hot Plate, of either of the following types:
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3532/D3532M–12.
DOI: 10.1520/D3532_D3532M-19.
6.2.1 Class A Hot Plate, capable of maintaining tempera-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tures of either 120°C [250°F] or 175°C [350°F] and the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
means of measuring its surface temperature to an accuracy of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 61°C[62°F].
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D3532/D3532M − 19
6.2.2 Clas
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3532/D3532M − 12 D3532/D3532M − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Gel Time of Carbon Fiber-Epoxy Prepreg
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3532/D3532M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of gel time of carbon fiber-epoxy tape and sheet. The test method is suitable for
the measurement of gel time of resin systems having either high or low viscosity.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system mayare not benecessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combiningother, and values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
standard.shall not be combined.
1.2.1 Within the text, inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3531/D3531M Test Method for Resin Flow of Carbon Fiber-Epoxy Prepreg
D4473 Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Cure Behavior
D7750 Test Method for Cure Behavior of Thermosetting Resins by Dynamic Mechanical Procedures using an Encapsulated
Specimen Rheometer
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A specimen of prepreg material approximately 5 mm [0.25 in.] square is placed between microscope cover glasses
coverglasses on a hot plate preheated to either of two test temperatures, 120 or 175°C175 °C [250 or 350°F].350 °F]. Pressure is
applied to the specimen through the coverglass with a wood pick to form a bead of resin at the edge of the cover glass. manipulate
the resin. The time from the application of heat until the resin ceases to form strings flow by contact with the pick is noted and
reported as the gel time.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method can be used to obtain the gel time of resin squeezed from prepreg tape or sheet material. This test is a useful
measure for material acceptance.
4.2 The gel time will vary with the test temperature. The temperatures specified in this test method are two of many temperatures
often used in processing epoxy prepreg material. If other test temperatures are used, this is to be clearly noted as indicated in
9.1.210.1.2.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.03 on
Constituent/Precursor Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2012Sept. 1, 2019. Published June 2012 September 2019. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 20092012 as
D3532 – 99D3532/D3532M – 12.(2009). DOI: 10.1520/D3532_D3532M-12.10.1520/D3532_D3532M-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3532/D3532M − 19
4.3 Gel time is not recommended as a measure of outline out time (unacceptable degree of cross-linking). Use Resin Flow Test
Method D3532D3531/D3531M, Dynamic Viscosity Test Method D4473, or Dynamic Viscosity Practice Mechanical Procedures
Test Method D4473D7750.
5. Interferences
5.1 The test is a subjective measure of when a gel point is reached. The visual evidence of gel may vary between materials,
reinforcements, and, in some cases, be
...
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