ASTM C1088-14

Standard Specification for Thin Veneer Brick Units Made From Clay or Shale

ABSTRACT
This specification covers thin veneer brick units made from clay, shale, fire clay, sand, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion for use in adhered or fastened veneer applications. The brick units shall be available in both Grades Interior and Exterior of the following types: Type TBS (Standard), which are for general masonry use; Type TBX (Select), which are produced with higher degree of precision; and Type TBA (Architectural), which are selected to produce characteristic architectural effects resulting from nonuniformity in size and texture of the individual units. Materials shall undergo durability, and freezing and thawing tests and should adhere to physical property requirements such as maximum water absorption, maximum saturation coefficient, maximum water loss, breakage, cracking, and weathering index. Bricks should also conform to specified characteristics as to face finish, color and texture, size and dimensions, and warpage.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers thin veneer brick units made from clay, shale, fire clay, sand, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion for use in adhered or fastened veneer applications. Three types of thin veneer brick units in each of two grades are covered. In this specification, the term thin veneer brick shall be understood to mean clay masonry unit with a maximum thickness of 13/4 in. (44.45 mm). Note 1—Brick intended for paving should be specified under Specification C902.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of this specification is beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Brick covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of the specification. (See “firing” and “fired bond” in Terminology C1232.)  
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2014
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1088-13 - Standard Specification for Thin Veneer Brick Units Made From Clay or Shale
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2014
• Replaced By: ASTM C1088-17 - Standard Specification for Thin Veneer Brick Units Made From Clay or Shale
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C1232-21a - Standard Terminology for Masonry
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2014
• Referred By: ASTM C1405-23 - Standard Specification for Glazed Brick (Single Fired, Brick Units)
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2014
• Referred By: ASTM E2266-22 - Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Low-Rise Frame Building Wall Systems to Resist Water Intrusion
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1088 −14
Standard Specification for
1
Thin Veneer Brick Units Made From Clay or Shale
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1088; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers thin veneer brick units made 2.1 ASTM Standards:
from clay, shale, fire clay, sand, or mixtures thereof, and fired C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
to incipient fusion for use in adhered or fastened veneer Structural Clay Tile
applications. Three types of thin veneer brick units in each of C902 Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving
two grades are covered. In this specification, the term thin Brick
veneer brick shall be understood to mean clay masonry unit C1232 Terminology of Masonry
3
with a maximum thickness of 1 ⁄4 in. (44.45 mm).
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—Brick intended for paving should be specified under Specifi-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to thin veneer
cation C902.
brick, refer to Terminology C1232.
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at
the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick
4. Classification
extracted from masonry structures for determining confor-
4.1 Two grades of thin veneer brick units are covered for
mance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Sec-
exposure conditions to weather and are defined in Table 1 as
tion 6) of this specification is beyond the scope of this
Interior and Exterior.
specification.
4.2 Three types of thin veneer brick units are covered as
1.3 Brick covered by this specification are manufactured
follows:
from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and
4.2.1 Type TBS (Standard)—Thin veneer brick for general
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing).
use in masonry.
The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between
4.2.2 Type TBX (Select)—Thin veneer brick for general use
the particulate constituents to provide the strength and dura-
in masonry where a higher degree of precision and lower
bility requirements of the specification. (See “firing” and “fired
permissible variation in size than permitted for Type TBS is
bond” in Terminology C1232.)
required.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and
4.2.3 Type TBA (Architectural)—Thin veneer brick for gen-
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
eral use in masonry selected to produce characteristic architec-
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
tural effects resulting from nonuniformity in size and texture of
considered as requirements of the standard.
the individual units.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.3 When the type is not specified, the requirements for
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Type TBS will govern.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
5. Materials and Manufacture
and are not considered standard.
5.1 Units shall not show surface defects and deficiencies,
nor effects of surface treatments including coating in the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1088 – 13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1088-14. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1088−14
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements in combination with other physical property requirements as an indicator
of freeze/thaw durability. The geometry of the thin brick units may
Maximum Water Maximum
preclude proper testing and can affect the failure mode attained. Thus,
Absorption by 5-h Saturation
A
compressive strength test results may not be a true indicator of unit
Designation Boiling, % Coefficient
Average Average freeze-thaw performance or fired bond.
Individual Individual
of 5 units of 5 units
NOTE 3—The effect of weathering on thin brick is related to the
Grade Exterior 17.0 20.0 0.78 0.80
weathering index, which for any local
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1088 − 13 C1088 − 14
Standard Specification for
1
Thin Veneer Brick Units Made From Clay or Shale
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1088; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers thin veneer brick units made from clay, shale, fire clay, sand, or mixtures thereof, and fired to
incipient fusion for use in adhered or fastened veneer applications. Three types of thin veneer brick units in each of two grades
are covered. In this specification, the term thin veneer brick shall be understood to mean clay masonry unit with a maximum
3
thickness of 1 ⁄4 in. (44.45 mm).
NOTE 1—Brick intended for paving should be specified under Specification C902.
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick
extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of
this specification is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 Brick covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the
particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of the specification. (See “firing” and “fired bond” in
Terminology C1232.)
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C902 Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
3
E835/E835M Guide for Modular Coordination of Clay and Concrete Masonry Units (Withdrawn 2011)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to thin veneer brick, refer to Terminology C1232.
4. Classification
4.1 Two grades of thin veneer brick units are covered for exposure conditions to weather and are defined in Table 1 as Interior
and Exterior.
4.2 Three types of thin veneer brick units are covered as follows:
4.2.1 Type TBS (Standard)—Thin veneer brick for general use in masonry.
4.2.2 Type TBX (Select)—Thin veneer brick for general use in masonry where a higher degree of precision and lower permissible
variation in size than permitted for Type TBS is required.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013Feb. 1, 2014. Published June 2013March 2014. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
C1088 – 12.C1088 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/C1088-13.10.1520/C1088-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1088 − 14
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements
Maximum Water Maximum
Absorption by 5-h Saturation
A
Designation Boiling, % Coefficient
Average Average
Individual Individual
of 5 units of 5 units
Grade Exterior 17.0 20.0 0.78 0.80
Grade Interior 22.0 25.0 0.88 0.90
A
The saturation coefficient is the ratio of absorption by 24-h submersion in cold
water to that after 5-h submersion in boiling water.
4.2.3 Type TBA (Architectural)—Thin veneer brick for general use in masonry selected to produce characteristic architectural
effects resulting from nonuniformity in size and texture of the individual units.
4.3 When the type is not specified, the requi
...