ASTM D2570-96(2002)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants
Standard Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the effect of a circulating engine coolant on metal test specimens and automotive cooling system components under controlled, essentially isothermal laboratory conditions.
1.2 This test method specifies test material, cooling system components, type of coolant, and coolant flow conditions that are considered typical of current automotive use.
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are approximate equivalents for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 6.
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Designation:D2570–96 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Simulated Service Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2570; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3306 Specification for Ethylene Glycol Base Engine
Coolant for Automobile and Light Duty Service
1.1 This test method evaluates the effect of a circulating
D4985 Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol
enginecoolantonmetaltestspecimensandautomotivecooling
Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring
system components under controlled, essentially isothermal
an Initial Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive
laboratory conditions.
(SCA)
1.2 This test method specifies test material, cooling system
2.2 SAE Standard:
components, type of coolant, and coolant flow conditions that
SAE J20e Standard for Coolant System Hoses
are considered typical of current automotive use.
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
3. Summary of Test Method
be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses
3.1 An engine coolant is circulated for 1064 h at 190°F
are approximate equivalents for information only.
(88°C) in a flow loop consisting of a metal reservoir, an
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
automotivecoolantpump,anautomotiveradiator,andconnect-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing rubber hoses. Test specimens representative of engine
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cooling system metals are mounted inside the reservoir, which
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
simulates an engine cylinder block. At the end of the test
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
period, the corrosion-inhibiting properties of the coolant are
tionary statements are given in Section 6.
determinedbymeasuringthemasslossesofthetestspecimens
2. Referenced Documents and by visual examination of the interior surfaces of the
components.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine
4. Significance and Use
Coolants and Antirusts
4.1 Thistestmethod,byacloserapproachtoenginecooling
D1176 Test Method for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous
system conditions, provides better evaluation and selective
Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing
2 screening of engine coolants than is possible from glassware
Purposes
testing(TestMethodD1384).Theimprovementisachievedby
D1177 Test Method for Freezing Point ofAqueous Engine
2 controlled circulation of the coolant, by the use of automotive
Coolants
3 cooling system components, and by a greater ratio of metal
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
surface area to coolant volume.
D1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Anti-
2 4.2 Although this test method provides improved discrimi-
rusts
nation, it cannot conclusively predict satisfactory corrosion
D1384 TestMethodforCorrosionTestforEngineCoolants
2 inhibition and service life. If greater assurance of satisfactory
in Glassware
performance is desired, it should be obtained from full-scale
D2758 Test Method for Engine Coolants by Engine Dyna-
engine tests (Test Method D2758) and from field testing in
mometer
actual service (Practice D2847).
D2847 Practice for Testing Engine Coolants in Car and
4.3 Significance and interpretation of the test and its limi-
Light Truck Service
tations are discussed further in Appendix X1.
4.4 If this test method is used as a qualification test for
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine Specification D3306 and Specification D4985, the recom-
Coolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.09 on Simulated
mendedcomponentslistedinSection5shallbeused.Ifitisnot
Service Tests.
Current edition approved April 10, 1996. Published June 1996. Originally
published as D2570–66T. Last previous edition D2570–94.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Dr.,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Warrendale, PA 15096.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2570
being used for such qualification purposes, then suitable indicatedinFig.2.Thepressuredropbetweenpumpdischarge
substitution components may be used, if agreed upon between and reservoir inlet, measured by the pressure gages shown in
the contracting parties. Fig. 2, must be maintained when the flow measurement device
is removed from the system. This can be done by substituting
5. Apparatus
for the flow measurement device a variable-flow restriction,
such as a valve, which can be adjusted to produce the same
5.1 Reservoir—An assembly drawing of this component is
pressure drop as that measured across the flow measurement
showninFig.1.Thematerialofconstruction,representingthat
device at the specified flow rate.
oftheenginecylinderblock,shallbeSAEG3500GrayIronfor
5.6 Electric Heater—About 2000 W, either a hot plate
Automotive Castings. Install a right angle fitting on the top of
installed under the reservoir or a circumferential, metal-clad
theresevoirforattachmentofanairline.Installashutoffvalve
heater band around the reservoir.
intheairlinetoavoidbackingupthesolutionintothepressure
5.7 Thermoregulator—A suitable temperature regulator
hose.
shall be used to maintain the coolant temperature between the
5.2 Automotive Components—These shall be those nor-
limits specified by 9.3. The sensing unit of the regulator shall
mallyusedwitha4,6,or8-cylinderautomobileengineusedin
be installed in an opening on the reservoir cover.
currentautomobilesintheUnitedStates,inthe1.6to5.0-L(98
3 12
5.8 Thermometer—An instrument capable of indicating
to 305-in. ) range of piston displacement. General character-
coolanttemperaturetothenearest1°For1°Cshallbeinstalled
istics shall be as follows:
in an opening on the reservoir cover.
5.2.1 Radiator—Brass, GMpartNo.3056740(crossflow),
5.9 Framework—A suitable framework shall be used to
with coolant recovery tank. An aluminum radiator, GM part
mount all the components as a unit.
No. 3093506, may be used subject to mutual agreement of the
parties involved.
6. Safety Precautions
5.2.2 Radiator Pressure Cap—Normally open 12 to 15 psi
6.1 Reservoir—Protection against bursting shall be pro-
(80 to 100 kPa), GM part No. 6410427.
5.2.3 Coolant Pump —GM part No. 14033483 (aluminum vided, either by a pressure-relief valve on the cover or by a
safety enclosure.
matching front end cover). GM part No. 14033526 (aluminum
providesbackcover),coolantdischargepartsandmountingfor 6.2 PumpDrive—Asafetyguardforthecoolantpumpdrive
belt and pulleys shall be provided.
pump.
5.2.4 Coolant Outlet—GM part No. 14033198 (aluminum). 6.3 Electrical—Electrical circuits required for operation of
motor, heater, and thermoregulator shall be installed with
5.2.5 Hoses—Reinforced elastomer, meeting the require-
ments of SAE J20e. suitable precautions against electrical shock to operating per-
sonnel in the event of accidental spills of electrically conduc-
5.2.6 Hose Clamps—Preferably worm-screw type (constant
tension may be used). tive liquids.
6.4 Thermal—Protection of operating personnel against
5.2.7 Hose Sight Tube—A pyrex glass sight tube shall be
installed in the top radiator hose.The tube should have a slight burns from exposed metal surfaces, especially those of the
heater, shall be provided.
bead on each end. (The primary purpose of the sight tube is to
see that there is entrained air in the system.)
7. Metal Test Specimens
5.3 Pipe Fittings—The preferred material for the fittings
requiredinthehoseconnectionsbetweenpumpdischargeports
NOTE 1—The specimens prescribed for this test method have been
and reservoir inlet is malleable cast iron. A satisfactory
accepted by automobile manufacturers and are required for Specifications
D3306 and D4985 qualification. Current production vehicles may have
alternative is steel.
1 differing alloy. Therefore, specimens other than those designated in this
5.4 ElectricMotor—1 ⁄2hp(1.1kW)orlarger,drip-proofor
test method may be used by mutual agreement of the parties involved.
explosion-proof in accordance with local safety regulations.
7.1 The description, specification, preparation, cleaning,
5.5 Pulleys and Drive Belt—Sized to drive the pump at
andweighingofthemetaltestspecimenstobeusedinthistest
aspeed that will produce a flow rate of 20 to 25 gal/min (1.3 to
method are given in detail in Test Method D1384. However,
1.6 L/s) for the General Motors 173-in. (2.8-L) V-6 engine.
the solid solder specimen allowed as an alternative in Test
The flow rate may be determined by a flow measurement
Method D1384 shall not be used in this test method, as it has
device locatedbetweenpumpdischargeandreservoirinlet,as
been known to bend and contact an adjoining specimen.
Detail drawings are available at a nominal cost from ASTM International
Headquarters. Request Adjunct No. 12-425700-10. Reservoirs of cast iron or cast Chromalox No. ROPH-204 has been found satisfactory. Equivalent hot plates
aluminum, made in accordance with these drawings, may be obtained from may be used.
CommercialMachineService,1099TouhyAve.,ElkGroveVillage,IL60007,(847) ChromaloxNo.HB-8415hasbeenfoundsatisfactory.Equivalentheaterbands
806-1901. may be used.
6 11
Aluminum or iron may be used if mutually agreed upon between the parties Chromalox No. AR-2524P has been found satisfactory. Equivalent ther-
involved. moregulators may be used.
7 12
Gates “Vulco Straight” bulk-length radiator hose, ProductType 4178, has been Fischer Scientific No. 15-076D and Weston No. 2261 dial-type thermometers
found satisfactory. Equivalent radiator hoses may be used. have been found satisfactory. Equivalent thermometers may be used.
8 13
Fischer and Porter Series 10A2235A Ratosight Flow Rate Indicator, 4 to 50 Detail and assembly drawings of a suitable framework and arrangement of
gal/min (0.3 to 3.0 L/s), of bronze construction, has been found satisfactory. components thereon are available at a nominal cost from ASTM International
Equivalent flow measuring devices may be used. Headquarters. Request Adjunct No. 12-425700-20.
D2570
FIG. 1 Reservoir
NOTE 2—The procedure for the cleaning of aluminum alloy coupons
between the test specimens in each section of the bundle. As
was changed in 1995 to eliminate the use of chromic acid, a recognized
shown in Fig. 3, each bundle shall be positioned on a bracket
health hazard.
mounted on the cap of the reservoir and fastened in place with
7.2 Arrangement—Themetaltestspecimensshallbedrilled another brass nut; the 2-in. (50-mm) dimensions of the test
through the center with a ⁄64-in. (6.8-mm) drill to accommo-
specimens shall be horizontal when inserted into the reservoir.
date a 2 ⁄2-in. (65-mm) 10–24 brass machine screw covered
with a thin-walled insulating sleeve. Polytetrafluoroethylene
8. Test Solution
tubing with a ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) outside diameter and a wall
8.1 The coolant to be tested shall be a 44% by volume
thickness of ⁄64in. (0.4 mm) is satisfactory. The standard test
glycol-basedcoolantpreparedwithcorrosivewater(Note3)to
“bundle” shall be assembled on the insulated screw with the
give a solution having a freezing point of−20 6 2°F (−29 6
specimensinthefollowingorder,startingfromthescrewhead:
1°C). The corrosive water shall contain 100 ppm each of
copper, solder, brass, steel, cast iron, and cast aluminum. The
sulfate, chloride, and bicarbonate ions introduced as the
specimens shall be separated by ⁄16-in. (5-mm) thick solid
sodium salts. Preparation of the sample shall be done in
metal and insulating spacers having a ⁄64-in (6.8-mm) inside
accordance with Section 6 of Test Method D1176, with
diameter and a 7.16-in. (11-mm) outside diameter. Brass
corrosivewaterusedfordilution.Thus,anyinsolublematerials
spacers shall be used between the copper, solder, and brass
will be included in the representative sample. The freezing
specimens, and steel spacers between the steel, cast iron, and
point of the coolant solution may be determined by Test
cast aluminum specimens. Insulating spacers made from poly-
Method D1177.
tetrafluoroethylene shall be used between the screw head and
the copper specimen, between the brass and steel specimens,
NOTE 3—The specified corrosive water can be prepared by dissolving
and between the cast aluminum specimen and a brass nut. The
the following amounts of anhydrous sodium salts in a quantity of distilled
nut shall be tightened firmly to ensure good electrical contact or deionized water:
D2570
FIG. 2 Assembly of Test Apparatus
9.4 Duration—The test shall be run for 152 h/week for 7
Sodium sulfate 148 mg
Sodium chloride 165 mg
weeks. Operation shall be continuous, except for two 8-h
Sodium bicarbonate 138 mg
shutdowns each week, until 1064 h of operation have been
The resulting solution should be made up to a volume of 1 L with
completed.
distilled or deionized water at 20°C.
If relatively large amounts of corrosive water are needed for testing, a
10. Preparation of Apparatus
concentratemaybepreparedbydissolvingtentimestheaboveamountsof
10.1 Reservoir—Sand blast or bead blast the interior sur-
the three chemicals, in distilled or deionized water, and adjusting the total
faces of the reservoir and its cover to remove all rust and scale
volume to 1 L by further additions of distilled or deionized water. When
needed, the corrosive water concentrate is diluted to the ratio of one part from previous tests. Wash and brush to remove all traces of
by volume of concentrate to nine parts of distilled or deionized water.
sand; then dry with pressurized air. Visually examine the
reservoirandcover.Ifspotssodeeplycorrodedastorenderuse
9. Test Conditions
of the vessel unsafe are found, or if leaks are present, obtain a
9.1 Assembly—The essential arrangement of the reservoir,
new reservoir and cover. Place a Buna N O-ring between the
radiator, coolant pump, and connecting hoses is shown in Fig.
reservoir and the cover to effect a seal; then fasten the cover
2. The gasketed coolant outlet is bolted to the reservoir cover.
with bolts as shown in Fig. 1.
9.2 Coolant Flow—The coolant flow shall be maintained at
10.2 Automotive Components—The radiator, coolant pump,
23 6 1 gal/min (1.3 to 1.6 L/s).
and connecting hoses shall be new for eac
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