ASTM G133-95

Standard Test Method for Linearly Reciprocating Ball-on-Flat Sliding Wear

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes laboratory procedures for determining the sliding wear of ceramics, metals, and other candidate wear-resistant materials using a linear, reciprocating ball-on-flat plane geometry. The direction of the relative motion between sliding surfaces reverses in a periodic fashion such that the sliding occurs back and forth and in a straight line. The principal quantities of interest are the wear volumes of the contacting ball and flat specimen materials; however, the coefficient of kinetic friction may also be measured using the method described. This test method encompasses both unlubricated and lubricated testing procedures. The scope of this test method does not include testing in corrosive or chemically aggressive environments.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1994
• Technical Committee: G02 - Wear and Erosion
• Drafting Committee: G02.40 - Non-Abrasive Wear

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM G133-95(2002)e1 - Standard Test Method for Linearly Reciprocating Ball-on-Flat Sliding Wear
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1995

Standards Content (Sample)

~~
~
ASTM G333 95 0759530 0574737 692 W
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
@$ Designation: G 133 - 95
100 Barr Harbor Dr. West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Bool< of ASTM Standards. copyrigm ASTM
If not listed in the current combined index. will appear in the next edition.
Standard Test Method for
Linearly Reciprocating Ball-on-Flat Sliding Wear‘
This standard is issucd under the fixed deignation 0 i 33; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the CBSC of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parcnthests indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsiion (0 indicates i111 editorial change since the last mision or rcapprovai.
important terms used in this test method are cited from
1. Scope
Terminology G 40.
1.1 This test method describes laboratory procedures for
friction force-the resisting force tangential to the
3.1.1
determining the sliding wear of ceramics, metals, and other
interface between two bodies when, under the action of an
candidate wear-resistant materials using a linear, recipro-
extemai force, one body moves or tends to move relative to
cating bail-on-flat plane geometry. The direction of the
the other.
relative motion between sliding surfaces reverses in a peri-
3.1.2 Hertzian contact pressure-the magnitude of the
odic fashion such that the sliding occurs back and forth and
pressure at any speciñed location in a Hertzian contact area,
in a straight line. The principal quantities of interest are the
as calculated fiom Hertz’s equations of elastic deformation.
wear volumes of the contacting ball and flat specimen
3.1.3 wear-damage to a solid surface, generally involving
materiais; however, the coefficient of kinetic fiction may
the progressive loss of material, due to relative motion
also be measured using the method described. This test
between that surface and a contacting surface or surfaces.
method encompasses both unlubricated and lubricated
3.1.4 wear rate-the rate of material removal or dimen-
testing procedures. The scope of this test method does not
sional change due to wear per unit of exposure parameter,
include testing in corrosive or chemically aggressive environ-
for example, quantity removed (mass, volume, thickness) in
ments.
unit distance of sliding or unit time.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa-
4. Summary of Test Method
tion only.
4.1 This test method involves two specimens-a flat
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specimen and a spherically ended specimen (herein called
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the “bail” specimen) which slides against the flat specimen.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
These specimens move relative to one another in a linear,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. back and forth sliding motion, under a prescribed set of
conditions.
4.2 In this test method, the load is applied vertically
2. Referenced Documents
downward through the bail specimen against the horizontally
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mounted flat specimen. The normal load, stroke length,
E 1 12 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size2 frequency and type of oscillation, test temperature, lubricant
E 118 1 Test Methods for Characterizing Duplex Grain
(if any), test duration, and atmospheric environment (in-
Sizes2
cluding relative humidity range) are selected from one of two
G 40 Terminology Relating to Erosion and Wear3
procedures.
G99 Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk
4.3 Since this test method involves reciprocating sliding
Apparatus3
where changes in the sliding velocity and direction of motion
G 115 Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction
occur during the test, constant velocity conditions are not
Coefficients3
maintained. The manner in which the velocity varies with
G 1 17 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of
time is determined by the design of the mechanism which
Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or
drives the bail or flat specimen back and forth.
Erosion Tests3
4.4 Dimensional changes for both bail and flat specimens
G 11 8 Guide for Recommended Data Format of Sliding
are used to calculate wear volumes and wear rates.
Wear Data Suitable for Databases’
4.5 Friction forces are measured during the test and may
be used to assess changes in the contact conditions or the
kinetic friction coefficient as a function of time.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions-Definitions used in this test method are
5. significance and use
given in Terminology G40. The following definitions of
5.1 This test method is designed to simulate the geometry
are experienced in many types of rubbing
and motions that
normal weration results in per
...