ASTM D7109-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector Apparatus at 30 Cycles and 90 Cycles
Standard Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector Apparatus at 30 Cycles and 90 Cycles
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the percent viscosity loss of fluids resulting from physical degradation in the high shear nozzle device. Thermal or oxidative effects are minimized.
5.2 This test method may be used for quality control purposes by manufacturers of polymeric lubricant additives and their customers.
5.3 This test method is not intended to predict viscosity loss in field service in different field equipment under widely varying operating conditions, which may cause lubricant viscosity to change due to thermal and oxidative changes, as well as by the mechanical shearing of polymer. However, when the field service conditions, primarily or exclusively, result in the degradation of polymer by mechanical shearing, there may be a correlation between the results from this test method and results from the field.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the shear stability of polymer-containing fluids. The test method measures the viscosity loss, in mm2/s and percent, at 100 °C of polymer-containing fluids when evaluated by a diesel injector apparatus procedure that uses European diesel injector test equipment. The viscosity loss reflects polymer degradation due to shear at the nozzle. Viscosity loss is evaluated after both 30 cycles and 90 cycles of shearing.
Note 1: This test method evaluates the shear stability of oils after both 30 cycles and 90 cycles of shearing. For most oils, there is a correlation between results after 30 cycles and results after 90 cycles of shearing, but this is not universal.
Note 2: Test Method D6278 uses essentially the same procedure with 30 cycles only instead of both 30 cycles and 90 cycles. The correlation between results from this test method at 30 cycles and results from Test Method D6278 has not been established.
Note 3: Test Method D2603 has been used for similar evaluation of shear stability; limitations are as indicated in the significance statement. No detailed attempt has been undertaken to correlate the results of this test method with those of the sonic shear test method.
Note 4: This test method uses test apparatus as defined in CEC L-14-A-93. This test method differs from CEC-L-14-A-93 in the period of time required for calibration.
Note 5: Test Method D5275 also shears oils in a diesel injector apparatus but may give different results.
Note 6: This test method has different calibration and operational requirements than withdrawn Test Method D3945.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 8.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D7109 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Fluids Using a
European Diesel Injector Apparatus at 30 Cycles and 90
1
Cycles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7109; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the shear
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
stability of polymer-containing fluids. The test method mea-
2 Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
sures the viscosity loss, in mm /s and percent, at 100 °C of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
polymer-containing fluids when evaluated by a diesel injector
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
apparatus procedure that uses European diesel injector test
equipment.The viscosity loss reflects polymer degradation due
2. Referenced Documents
to shear at the nozzle. Viscosity loss is evaluated after both
2
30 cycles and 90 cycles of shearing. 2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 1—This test method evaluates the shear stability of oils after both
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
30 cycles and 90 cycles of shearing. For most oils, there is a correlation
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
between results after 30 cycles and results after 90 cycles of shearing, but
ity)
this is not universal.
D2603 Test Method for Sonic Shear Stability of Polymer-
NOTE 2—Test Method D6278 uses essentially the same procedure with
Containing Oils
30 cycles only instead of both 30 cycles and 90 cycles. The correlation
between results from this test method at 30 cycles and results from Test
D5275 Test Method for Fuel Injector Shear Stability Test
Method D6278 has not been established.
(FISST) for Polymer Containing Fluids
NOTE 3—Test Method D2603 has been used for similar evaluation of
D6278 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer Contain-
shear stability; limitations are as indicated in the significance statement.
ing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector Apparatus
Nodetailedattempthasbeenundertakentocorrelatetheresultsofthistest
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
method with those of the sonic shear test method.
NOTE 4—This test method uses test apparatus as defined in CEC
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
L-14-A-93.This test method differs from CEC-L-14-A-93 in the period of
Measurement System Performance
time required for calibration.
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of
NOTE 5—Test Method D5275 also shears oils in a diesel injector
Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of
apparatus but may give different results.
NOTE 6—This test method has different calibration and operational
Kinematic Viscosity)
requirements than withdrawn Test Method D3945.
2.2 Coordinated European Council (CEC) Standard:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
CEC L-14-A-93 Evaluation of the Mechanical Shear Stabil-
3
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
ity of Lubricating Oils Containing Polymers
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.1 kinematic viscosity, n—a measure of the resistance to
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
flow of a fluid under gravity.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Specific warning statements are given in Section 8.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7109 – 18. DOI: Available from CEC Secretariat, InterlynkAdministrative Services, Ltd., Lynk
10.1520/D7109-20. House, 17 Peckleton Lane, Desford, Leicestershire, LE9 9JU, United Kingdom.
*A Summary of Changes section appears
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7109 − 18 D7109 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Fluids Using a
European Diesel Injector Apparatus at 30 Cycles and 90
1
Cycles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7109; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the shear stability of polymer-containing fluids. The test method measures the
2
viscosity loss, in mm /s and percent, at 100 °C of polymer-containing fluids when evaluated by a diesel injector apparatus
procedure that uses European diesel injector test equipment. The viscosity loss reflects polymer degradation due to shear at the
nozzle. Viscosity loss is evaluated after both 30 cycles and 90 cycles of shearing.
NOTE 1—This test method evaluates the shear stability of oils after both 30 cycles and 90 cycles of shearing. For most oils, there is a correlation
between results after 30 cycles and results after 90 cycles of shearing, but this is not universal.
NOTE 2—Test Method D6278 uses essentially the same procedure with 30 cycles only instead of both 30 cycles and 90 cycles. The correlation between
results from this test method at 30 cycles and results from Test Method D6278 has not been established.
NOTE 3—Test Method D2603 has been used for similar evaluation of shear stability; limitations are as indicated in the significance statement. No
detailed attempt has been undertaken to correlate the results of this test method with those of the sonic shear test method.
NOTE 4—This test method uses test apparatus as defined in CEC L-14-A-93. This test method differs from CEC-L-14-A-93 in the period of time
required for calibration.
NOTE 5—Test Method D5275 also shears oils in a diesel injector apparatus but may give different results.
NOTE 6—This test method has different calibration and operational requirements than withdrawn Test Method D3945.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 8.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D2603 Test Method for Sonic Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Oils
D5275 Test Method for Fuel Injector Shear Stability Test (FISST) for Polymer Containing Fluids
D6278 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer Containing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector Apparatus
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic
Viscosity)
2.2 Coordinated European Council (CEC) Standard:
3
CEC L-14-A-93 Evaluation of the Mechanical Shear Stability of Lubricating Oils Containing Polymers
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved June 1, 2018May 1, 2020. Published August 2018June 2020. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as
D7109 – 12.D7109 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D7109-18.10.1520/D7109-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from CEC Sec
...
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