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ASTM D6688-01

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance of Printed Matter to Liquid Chemicals by a Sandwich Method

Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance of Printed Matter to Liquid Chemicals by a Sandwich Method

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the relative resistance of printed matter to liquid chemicals, as evidenced by lack of discoloration, bleeding, or loss of gloss.
1.2 This test method utilizes a sandwich procedure similar in principle to ISO/TC 130 N 589. Spotting or immersion procedures are covered in Test Methods D1308, D1647, and D2248.
1.3 This test method is applicable to prints on any flat substrate including paper, paperboard, metallic foil, metal plate, and plastic films, and produced by any printing process including letterpress, offset lithography, flexography, gravure, silk screen, and non-impact.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-2001
ICS
87.080 - Inks. Printing inks
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.56 - Printing Inks
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D6688-01(2006) - Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance of Printed Matter to Liquid Chemicals by a Sandwich Method
Effective Date
01-Nov-2006

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ASTM D6688-01 - Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance of Printed Matter to Liquid Chemicals by a Sandwich MethodASTM D6688-01 - Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance of Printed Matter to Liquid Chemicals by a Sandwich Method
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ASTM D6688-01 - Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance of Printed Matter to Liquid Chemicals by a Sandwich Method
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6688–01
Standard Test Method for
Relative Resistance of Printed Matter to Liquid Chemicals
by a Sandwich Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6688; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope the specified liquid. After the agreed upon contact times, the
prints and filter paper are dried and then examined for
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the relative
objectionable changes such as discoloration, bleeding, or loss
resistance of printed matter to liquid chemicals, as evidenced
in gloss. The test print is then rated as better, equal, or worse
by lack of discoloration, bleeding, or loss of gloss.
than the reference print.
1.2 This test method utilizes a sandwich procedure similar
in principle to ISO/TC 130 N 589. Spotting or immersion
4. Significance and Use
procedures are covered in Test Methods D 1308, D 1647, and
4.1 Many types of printed matter, notably container labels,
D 2248.
packaging materials, magazine and book covers, must be
1.3 This test method is applicable to prints on any flat
resistant to liquid materials that may contact them advertently
substrate including paper, paperboard, metallic foil, metal
or inadvertently. This test method permits an assessment of
plate, and plastic films, and produced by any printing process
resistance of printed matter to several types of liquids.
including letterpress, offset lithography, flexography, gravure,
4.2 Therequirementthatareferenceprintberunatthesame
silk screen, and non-impact.
time as the test print minimizes effects of atmospheric condi-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tions (humidity and temperature) and other variations which
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
may develop.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.3 This test method can be used to determine whether new
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
formulations are suitable for the end-use purpose and for
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
specification acceptance between producer and user.
statements, see Section 7.
5. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Glass Plates, 60 by 90 mm, two for each printed
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specimen (minimum four per test).
D 1308 Test Method for the Effect of Household Chemicals
2 5.2 Petri Dish, at least 100 mm in diameter.
on Clear and Pigmented Organic Finishes
5.3 Weight, 1 kg.
D 1647 Test Method for Resistance of Dried Films of
2 5.4 Timer, calibrated in minutes up to 24 h.
Varnishes to Water and Alkali
5.5 Oven, capable of maintaining 50°C.
D 2248 Test Method for Detergent Resistance of Organic
Finishes
6. Materials
2.2 Other Standards:
6.1 ReferencePrint,ofknownresistancetothespecifiedtest
ISO/TC 130 N 589 Graphic Technology-Prints and Printing
3 liquid, cut to 20 3 50 mm and marked with R.
Inks-Assessment of Resistance to Various Agents
6.2 Filter Paper, white neutral for qualitative analysis, with
3. Summary of Test Method a very smooth and soft surface, cut to 60 by 90 mm. Minimum
eight pieces per test. Mark four pieces with aR and four pieces
3.1 Prints of the test and reference printing inks are each
with a T, for each test.
sandwichedbetweenfilterpaper,whichhasbeensaturatedwith
6.3 Soft, Pliable Nonporous Film, such as food wrap.
6.4 Test Liquid, as agreed upon between the producer and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint user. See examples in Table 1.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
Current edition approved June 10, 2001. Published August 2001.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd St., 4th
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6688
TABLE 1 Suggested Contact Times for Liquid Chemicals
9.4 Place two pieces of the saturated filter paper on a glass
Liquid Suggested Contact Time plate, center the 20 by 50 mm specimen of test print on top of
thefilterpaper,andcoverwiththeothertwopiecesofsaturated
Distilled water
Lactic acid (5 %)
filter paper.
Citric acid (1 %)
9.5 Cover with the other glass plate and center the 1 kg
Acetic acid (1 %)
24 h
weight on top of the sandwich. Set the clock for the test
H
...

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3.1 The lithographic printing process requires that some dampening solution be emulsified into the ink. These test methods provide a rapid means for determining water pickup under laboratory conditions. Test results may be useful for specification acceptance between the supplier and the customer.  
3.2 In order that results be comparable, the tests must be run at the same temperature and with the same type and quantity of liquid added prior to mixing.  
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1.1 These test methods cover two procedures for determining the amount of water picked up by lithographic printing inks in a laboratory mixer.  
1.2 Test Method A covers single-point water pickup; Test Method B covers the rate of water pickup. Both test methods are applicable to any printing ink and vehicle intended for the lithographic printing process.  
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