ASTM D4587-11(2019)e1

Standard Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The ability of a paint or coating to resist deterioration of its physical and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.  
4.2 Warning—Variation in results may be expected when different operating conditions are used. Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared according to Section 10 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this practice.
Note 3: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution and data analysis of laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.  
4.2.1 The spectral power distribution of light from fluorescent UV lamps is significantly different from that produced in light and water exposure devices using other light sources. The type and rate of degradation and the performance rankings produced in exposures to fluorescent UV lamps can be much different from those produced by exposures to other types of laboratory light sources.  
4.2.2 Interlaboratory comparisons are valid only when all laboratories use the same design of fluorescent UV device, lamp, and exposure conditions.  
4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.6,7 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in fluorescent UV and condensation devices conducted according to Practices G151 and G154. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, and the evaluation of test results. Table 1 describes commonly used test conditions.  
Note 1: Previous versions of this practice referenced fluorescent UV devices described by Practice G53, which described very specific equipment designs. Practice G53 has been withdrawn and replaced by Practice G151, which describes performance criteria for all exposure devices that use laboratory light sources, and by Practice G154, which gives requirements for exposing nonmetallic materials in fluorescent UV devices.
Note 2: ISO 11507:1997 also describes fluorescent UV-condensation exposures of paints and coatings.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2019
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.27 - Accelerated Testing

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D4587 − 11 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Practice for
Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and
Related Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4587; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Section 4.2 was updated editorially in December 2019.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for 2.1 ASTM Standards:
accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in D358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in
fluorescent UV and condensation devices conducted according Weathering Tests of Coatings (Withdrawn 2014)
to Practices G151 and G154. This practice also covers the D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
preparation of test specimens, and the evaluation of test results. D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
Table 1 describes commonly used test conditions. for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
Related Coating Products
NOTE 1—Previous versions of this practice referenced fluorescent UV
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted
devices described by Practice G53, which described very specific equip-
Steel Surfaces
ment designs. Practice G53 has been withdrawn and replaced by Practice
G151, which describes performance criteria for all exposure devices that
D659 Method for Evaluating Degree of Chalking of Exterior
use laboratory light sources, and by Practice G154, which gives require-
Paints (Withdrawn 1990)
ments for exposing nonmetallic materials in fluorescent UV devices.
D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of
NOTE 2—ISO 11507:1997 also describes fluorescent UV-condensation
Exterior Paints
exposures of paints and coatings.
D662 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Erosion of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Exterior Paints
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
only.
Paints
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scal-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing) of Exterior Paints
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
a Ferrous Base (Withdrawn 2006)
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published December 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4587 – 11. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D4587-11R19E01. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D4587 − 11 (2019)
A
TABLE 1 Test Cycles Commonly Used for Fluorescent UV–Condensation Exposure Testing of Paints and Related Coatings
340 nm
D E
Cycle Number Cycle Description Black Panel Temperature Typical Uses
B,C
Irradiance
2 F
1 8 h UV 0.83 W/(m ·nm) 70 ± 2.5ºC (158 ± 5ºF) Automotive coatings
4 h condensation dark period 50 ± 2. ºC (122 ± 5ºF)
Repeated continuously
2 G
2 4 h UV 0.89 W/(m ·nm) 60 ± 2.5 (140 ± 5ºF) Industrial maintenance coatings
4 h condensation dark period 50 ± 2.5 (122 ± 5ºF)
Repeated continuously
3 4 h UV 0.89 W/(m ·nm) 60 ± 2.5 (140 ± 5ºF) Exterior wood coatings
20 h condensation dark period 50 ± 2.5 (122 ± 5ºF)
Repeated continuously
4 8 h UV 0.89 W/(m ·nm) 60 ± 2.5 (140 ± 5ºF) General metal coatings
4 h condensation dark period 50 ± 2.5 (122 ± 5ºF)
Repeated continuously
A
The cycles described are not listed in any order indicating importance, and are not necessarily recommended for the applications listed. Additional exposure cycles are
described in Practice G154.
B
The irradiance set point given is typical for devices operated without irradiance control. Other irradiance levels may be used, but must be described in the report.
C
Previous editions of Practice D4587 contained non-mandatory irradiance set points in Table 1 that were commonly used in the industry. The previous set points were
0.72 and 0.77 W/(m · nm) at 340 nm for UVA 340 lamps. The measurement data used to establish these set points was inaccurate, due to an error in calibration on the
part of one manufacturer. It has been found that, for most users, the actual irradiance when running at the previous set points was 11 to 15 % higher than the indicated
set point. The set points shown in this edition of D4587 do not change the actual irradiances that have been historically used by these users. However, for users of
equipment made by another manufacturer, the irradiance control system did not have the measurement inaccuracies described above, so running at the new set points
will represent a change in the actual irradiance of the test. If in doubt, users should consult the manufacturer of their device for clarification.
D
Temperature is at equilibrium for either an uninsulated or insulated black panel, although the response of the insulated black panel might be slower than that for the
uninsulated black panel. Refer to Practice G151 for more information about the construction and differences between uninsulated and insulated black panels.
E
Typical uses do not imply that results from exposures of these materials according to the cycle described will correlate to those from actual use conditions.
F
SAE J2020 describes the test used in many automotive specifications and requires use of a FS40 fluorescent UVB lamp.
G
Historical convention has established this as a very commonly used test cycle. This cycle may not adequately simulate the effects of outdoor exposure.
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006) G169 Guide for Application of Basic Statistical Methods to
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Weathering Tests
Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials 2.2 ISO Standard:
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and ISO 11507:1997 Paints and Varnishes—Exposure of Coat-
Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting ings to Artificial Weathering—Exposure to Fluorescent
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and UV and Water
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color 2.3 SAE Standard:
Coordinates SAE J2020 Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Exterior
D2616 Test Method for Evaluation of Visual Color Differ- Materials Using a Fluorescent UV Condensation Appara-
ence With a Gray Scale tus
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
3. Terminology
D3980 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of Paint and
Related Materials (Withdrawn 1998) 3.1 The definitions given in Terminology G113 are appli-
D4214 Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking
cable to this practice.
of Exterior Paint Films
4. Significance and Use
D5870 Practice for Calculating Property Retention Index of
Plastics
4.1 The ability of a paint or coating to resist deterioration of
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
its physical and optical properties caused by exposure to light,
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
heat, and water can be very significant for many applications.
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-
This practice is intended to induce property changes associated
surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight,
G53 Practice for Operating Light-and Water-Exposure Ap-
moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not
paratus (Fluorescent UV-Condensation Type) for Expo-
intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized
sure of Nonmetallic Materials (Withdrawn 2000)
weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological
G113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weath-
attack, and saltwater exposure.
ering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
4.2 Warning—Variation in results may be expected when
G141 Guide for Addressing Variability in Exposure Testing
different operating conditions are used. Therefore, no reference
of Nonmetallic Materials
to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by
G147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetal-
lic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
G151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accel-
Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
G154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) 5
Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,
Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
´1
D4587 − 11 (2019)
a report prepared according to Section 10 that describes the critical when one apparatus is stacked above another, because
specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for the heat generated from the lower unit can interfere with the
detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results operation of the units above.
obtained according to this practice. 5.3.2 Place the apparatus at least 300 mm (12 in.) from
walls or other apparatus. Do not place the apparatus near a heat
NOTE 3—Additional information on sources of variability and on
source such as an oven.
strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution and data
5.3.3 Ventilate the room in which the apparatus is located to
analysis of laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.
remove heat and moisture.
4.2.1 The spectral power distribution of light from fluores-
cent UV lamps is significantly different from that produced in
6. Hazards
light and water exposure devices using other light sources. The
6.1 Warning—In addition to other precautions, never look
type and rate of degradation and the performance rankings
directly at the fluorescent UV lamp because UV radiation can
produced in exposures to fluorescent UV lamps can be much
damage the eye. Turn the device off before removing panels for
different from those produced by exposures to other types of
inspection.
laboratory light sources.
4.2.2 Interlaboratory comparisons are valid only when all
7. Test Specimens
laboratories use the same design of fluorescent UV device,
7.1 Apply the coating to flat (plane) panels with the
lamp, and exposure conditions.
substrate, method of preparation, method of application, coat-
4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has
ing system, film thickness, and method of drying consistent
been shown to be good when the stability of materials is
with the anticipated end use, or as mutually agreed upon
evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other
between the producer and user.
6,7
materials or to a control. Therefore, exposure of a similar
7.2 Panel specifications and methods of preparation include
material of known performance (a control) at the same time as
but are not limited to Practices D609, D1730, or Specification
the test materials is strongly recommended. It is recommended
D358. Select panel sizes suitable for use with the exposure
that at least three replicates of each material be exposed to
apparatus.
allow for statistical evaluation of results.
7.2.1 For specimens coated on insulating materials, such as
4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to
foams, quickly check the specimens during the condensation
operate the equipment according to Practice G154. Significant
period to verify that visible condensation is occurring on the
factors include regulation of line voltage, temperature of the
specimens. Perform this visual check once per week at least
room in which the device operates, temperature control, and
one hour after the start of condensation.
condition and age of the lamps.
NOTE 6—If condensation is not occurring, the most likely cause
4.5 All references to exposures in accordance with this
involves inadequate room-air cooling; (1) the laboratory temperature is
practice must include a complete description of the test cycle
too high; (2) condensation temperature is set too low, or too close to room
used. temperature; (3) thick specimens of insulating material may be preventing
the room-air cooling necessary for condensation. For example, a 25 mm
thick wood specimen may exhibit poor condensation with a condensation
5. Apparatus
set point of 40°C and a lab temperature of 30°C; or (4) improper specimen
5.1 Use of fluorescent UV apparatus that conform to the
mounting is allowing vapor to escape from the chamber.
requirements defined in Practices G151 and G154 is required to
7.3 Coat test panels in accordance with Practices D823, then
conform to this practice.
measure the film thickness in accordance with an appropriate
procedure selected from Test Methods D1005, D1186, or
NOTE 4—A fluorescent UV apparatus that complied with Practice G53
also complies with Practice G154.
D1400. Nondestructive methods are preferred because panels
so measured need not be repaired.
5.2 Unless otherwise specified, the spectral power distribu-
tion of the fluorescent UV lamp shall conform to the require-
7.4 Prior to exposing coated panels in the a
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D4587 − 11 D4587 − 11 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Practice for
Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and
Related Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4587; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Section 4.2 was updated editorially in December 2019.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in
fluorescent UV and condensation devices conducted according to Practices G151 and G154. This practice also covers the
preparation of test specimens, and the evaluation of test results. Table 1 describes commonly used test conditions.
NOTE 1—Previous versions of this practice referenced fluorescent UV devices described by Practice G53, which described very specific equipment
designs. Practice G53 has been withdrawn and replaced by Practice G151, which describes performance criteria for all exposure devices that use
laboratory light sources, and by Practice G154, which gives requirements for exposing nonmetallic materials in fluorescent UV devices.
NOTE 2—ISO 11507:1997 also describes fluorescent UV-condensation exposures of paints and coatings.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering Tests of Coatings (Withdrawn 2014)
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating
Products
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel Surfaces
D659 Method for Evaluating Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paints (Withdrawn 1990)
D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of Exterior Paints
D662 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Erosion of Exterior Paints
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
D772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scaling) of Exterior Paints
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to a Ferrous
Base (Withdrawn 2006)
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011Dec. 1, 2019. Published August 2011December 2019. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20052011
as D4587 – 05.D4587 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D4587-11.10.1520/D4587-11R19E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D4587 − 11 (2019)
A
TABLE 1 Test Cycles Commonly Used for Fluorescent UV–Condensation Exposure Testing of Paints and Related Coatings
340 nm
D E
Cycle Number Cycle Description Black Panel Temperature Typical Uses
B,C
Irradiance
2 F
1 8 h UV 0.83 W/(m ·nm) 70 ± 2.5ºC (158 ± 5ºF) Automotive coatings
4 h condensation dark period 50 ± 2. ºC (122 ± 5ºF)
Repeated continuously
2 G
2 4 h UV 0.89 W/(m ·nm) 60 ± 2.5 (140 ± 5ºF) Industrial maintenance coatings
4 h condensation dark period 50 ± 2.5 (122 ± 5ºF)
Repeated continuously
3 4 h UV 0.89 W/(m ·nm) 60 ± 2.5 (140 ± 5ºF) Exterior wood coatings
20 h condensation dark period 50 ± 2.5 (122 ± 5ºF)
Repeated continuously
4 8 h UV 0.89 W/(m ·nm) 60 ± 2.5 (140 ± 5ºF) General metal coatings
4 h condensation dark period 50 ± 2.5 (122 ± 5ºF)
Repeated continuously
A
The cycles described are not listed in any order indicating importance, and are not necessarily recommended for the applications listed. Additional exposure cycles are
described in Practice G154.
B
The irradiance set point given is typical for devices operated without irradiance control. Other irradiance levels may be used, but must be described in the report.
C
Previous editions of Practice D4587 contained non-mandatory irradiance set points in Table 1 that were commonly used in the industry. The previous set points were
0.72 and 0.77 W/(m · nm) at 340 nm for UVA 340 lamps. The measurement data used to establish these set points was inaccurate, due to an error in calibration on the
part of one manufacturer. It has been found that, for most users, the actual irradiance when running at the previous set points was 11 to 15 % higher than the indicated
set point. The set points shown in this edition of D4587 do not change the actual irradiances that have been historically used by these users. However, for users of
equipment made by another manufacturer, the irradiance control system did not have the measurement inaccuracies described above, so running at the new set points
will represent a change in the actual irradiance of the test. If in doubt, users should consult the manufacturer of their device for clarification.
D
Temperature is at equilibrium for either an uninsulated or insulated black panel, although the response of the insulated black panel might be slower than that for the
uninsulated black panel. Refer to Practice G151 for more information about the construction and differences between uninsulated and insulated black panels.
E
Typical uses do not imply that results from exposures of these materials according to the cycle described will correlate to those from actual use conditions.
F
SAE J2020 describes the test used in many automotive specifications and requires use of a FS40 fluorescent UVB lamp.
G
Historical convention has established this as a very commonly used test cycle. This cycle may not adequately simulate the effects of outdoor exposure.
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D2616 Test Method for Evaluation of Visual Color Difference With a Gray Scale
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
D3980 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of Paint and Related Materials (Withdrawn 1998)
D4214 Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint Films
D5870 Practice for Calculating Property Retention Index of Plastics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
G53 Practice for Operating Light-and Water-Exposure Apparatus (Fluorescent UV-Condensation Type) for Exposure of
Nonmetallic Materials (Withdrawn 2000)
G113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
G141 Guide for Addressing Variability in Exposure Testing of Nonmetallic Materials
G147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
G151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
G154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
G169 Guide for Application of Basic Statistical Methods to Weathering Tests
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 11507:1997 Paints and Varnishes—Exposure of Coatings to Artificial Weathering—Exposure to Fluorescent UV and Water
2.3 SAE Standard:
SAE J2020 Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Exterior Materials Using a Fluorescent UV Condensation Apparatus
3. Terminology
3.1 The definitions given in Terminology G113 are applicable to this practice.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The ability of a paint or coating to resist deterioration of its physical and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat,
and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch.ISO
Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://aerospace.sae.org.15096, http://www.sae.org.
´1
D4587 − 11 (2019)
end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to
simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater
exposure.
4.2 Cautions—VariationWarning—Variation in results may be expected when different operating conditions are used.
Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared according to Section 10
that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to
use of results obtained according to this practice. in results may be expected when different operating conditions are used.
Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared according to Section 10
that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to
use of results obtained according to this practice.
NOTE 3—Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution and data analysis of
laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.
4.2.1 The spectral power distribution of light from fluorescent UV lamps is significantly different from that produced in light
and water exposure devices using other light sources. The type and rate of degradation and the performance rankings produced
in exposures to fluorescent UV lamps can be much different from those produced by exposures to other types of laboratory light
sources.
4.2.2 Interlaboratory comparisons are valid only when all laboratories use the same design of fluorescent UV device, lamp, and
exposure conditions.
4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated
6,7
in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control. Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known
performance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. It is recommended that at least three
replicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results.
4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment according to Practice G154. Significant factors
include regulation of line voltage, temperature of the room in which the device operates, temperature control, and condition and
age of the lamps.
4.5 All references to exposures in accordance with this practice must include a complete description of the test cycle used.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Use of fluorescent UV apparatus that conform to the requirements defined in Practices G151 and G154 is required to
conform to this practice.
NOTE 4—A fluorescent UV apparatus that complied with Practice G53 also complies with Practice G154.
5.2 Unless otherwise specified, the spectral power distribution of the fluorescent UV lamp shall conform to the requirements
in Practice G154 for a UVA 340 lamp.
NOTE 5—Fluorescent UV exposures described in SAE J2020 for automotive applications call for use of fluorescent UVB lamps.
5.3 Test Chamber Location:
5.3.1 Locate the apparatus in an area maintained between 18 and 27°C (65 and 80°F). Measure ambient temperature at a
maximum distance of 150 mm (6 in.) from the plane door of the apparatus. Control of ambient temperature is particularly critical
when one apparatus is stacked above another, because the heat generated from the lower unit can interfere with the operation of
the units above.
5.3.2 Place the apparatus at least 300 mm (12 in.) from walls or other apparatus. Do not place the apparatus near a heat source
such as an oven.
5.3.3 Ventilate the room in which the apparatus is located to remove heat and moisture.
6. Hazards
6.1 Warning—In addition to other precautions, never look directly at the fluorescent UV lamp because UV radiation can
damage the eye. Turn the device off before removing panels for inspection.
7. Test Specimens
7.1 Apply the coating to flat (plane) panels with the substrate, method of preparation, method of application, coating system,
film thickness, and method of drying consistent with the anticipated end use, or as mutually agreed upon between the producer
and user.
Fischer, R., “Results of Round Robin Studies of Light- and Water-Exposure Standard Practi
...