ASTM D5850-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) Determining Transmissivity, Storage Coefficient, and Anisotropy Ratio from a Network of Partially Penetrating Wells
Standard Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) Determining Transmissivity, Storage Coefficient, and Anisotropy Ratio from a Network of Partially Penetrating Wells
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is one of several available for determining vertical anisotropy ratio. Among other available methods are Weeks ((5); see Test Method D5473/D5473M), that relies on distance-drawdown data, and Way and McKee (6), that utilizes time-drawdown data. An important restriction of the Weeks distance-drawdown method is that the observation wells need to have identical construction (screened intervals) and two or more of the observation wells need to be located at a distance from the pumped well beyond the effects of partial penetration. The procedure described in this test method general distance-drawdown method, in that it works in theory for most observation well configurations incorporating three or more wells, provided some of the wells are within the zone where flow is affected by partial penetration.
5.2 Assumptions:
5.2.1 Control well discharges at a constant rate, Q.
5.2.2 Control well is of infinitesimal diameter and partially penetrates the aquifer.
5.2.3 Data are obtained from a number of partially penetrating observation wells, some screened at elevations similar to that in the pumped well and some screened at different elevations.
5.2.4 The aquifer is confined, homogeneous and areally extensive. The aquifer may be anisotropic, and, if so, the directions of maximum and minimum hydraulic conductivity are horizontal and vertical, respectively.
5.2.5 Discharge from the well is derived exclusively from storage in the aquifer.
5.3 Calculation Requirements—Application of this method is computationally intensive. The function, fs, shown in (Eq 4) must be evaluated numerous times using arbitrary input parameters. It is not practical to use existing, somewhat limited, tables of values for fs and, because this equation is rather formidable, it may not be easily tractable by hand. Because of this, it is assumed the practitioner using this test method will have available a computerized procedure for evaluating the function fs. This ca...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an analytical procedure for determining the transmissivity, storage coefficient, and ratio of vertical to horizontal hydraulic conductivity of a confined aquifer using observation well drawdown measurements from a constant-rate pumping test. This test method uses data from a minimum of four partially penetrating, recommended to be positioned observation wells around a partially penetrating control well.
1.2 The analytical procedure is used in conjunction with the field procedure in Test Method D4050.
1.3 Limitations—The limitations of the technique for determination of the horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of aquifers are primarily related to the correspondence between the field situation and the simplifying assumption of this test method.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.6 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objective; and it is common practice to increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis method or engineering design.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated ...
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Designation: D5850 − 18
Standard Test Method for (Analytical Procedure)
Determining Transmissivity, Storage Coefficient, and
Anisotropy Ratio from a Network of Partially Penetrating
1
Wells
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5850; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis
method or engineering design.
1.1 This test method covers an analytical procedure for
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
determining the transmissivity, storage coefficient, and ratio of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
vertical to horizontal hydraulic conductivity of a confined
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
aquifer using observation well drawdown measurements from
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
a constant-rate pumping test. This test method uses data from
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
a minimum of four partially penetrating, recommended to be
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
positioned observation wells around a partially penetrating
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
control well.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 Theanalyticalprocedureisusedinconjunctionwiththe
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
field procedure in Test Method D4050.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.3 Limitations—The limitations of the technique for deter-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mination of the horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity
2. Referenced Documents
ofaquifersareprimarilyrelatedtothecorrespondencebetween
2
the field situation and the simplifying assumption of this test
2.1 ASTM Standards:
method.
D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
Fluids
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
D3740Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
regarded as the standard.The SI units given in parentheses are
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
mathematical conversions, which are provided for information
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
purposes only and are not considered standard.
D4050Test Method for (Field Procedure) for Withdrawal
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
and Injection Well Testing for Determining Hydraulic
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Properties of Aquifer Systems
Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
D5473/D5473MTest Method for (Analytical Procedure for)
1.6 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/
Analyzing the Effects of Partial Penetration of Control
recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the
WellandDeterminingtheHorizontalandVerticalHydrau-
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
lic Conductivity in a Nonleaky Confined Aquifer
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
D6026Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
Data
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
3. Terminology
ations for the user’s objective; and it is common practice to
increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be
3.1 Definitions:
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms in this
standard, see Terminology D653.
3.2 The following definitions from Terminology D653 are
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and
2
Vadose Zone Investigations. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018. Published February 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D5850–95 (2012). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D5850-18. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5850 − 18
used in this standard and are presented for the convenience of ter literature by hydrogeologists, whereas the symbol k is
the user. commo
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5850 − 95 (Reapproved 2012) D5850 − 18
Standard Test Method for (Analytical Procedure)
Determining Transmissivity, Storage Coefficient, and
Anisotropy Ratio from a Network of Partially Penetrating
1
Wells
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5850; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers an analytical procedure for determining the transmissivity, storage coefficient, and ratio of vertical
to horizontal hydraulic conductivity of a confined aquifer using observation well drawdown measurements from a constant-rate
pumping test. This test method uses data from a minimum of four partially penetrating, properly recommended to be positioned
observation wells around a partially penetrating control well.
1.2 The analytical procedure is used in conjunction with the field procedure in Test Method D4050.
1.3 Limitations—The limitations of the technique for determination of the horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of
aquifers are primarily related to the correspondence between the field situation and the simplifying assumption of this test method.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
information only.mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.6 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objective;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis method or engineering design.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
D4050 Test Method for (Field Procedure) for Withdrawal and Injection Well Testing for Determining Hydraulic Properties of
Aquifer Systems
D5473D5473/D5473M Test Method for (Analytical Procedure for) Analyzing the Effects of Partial Penetration of Control Well
and Determining the Horizontal and Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity in a Nonleaky Confined Aquifer
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and Vadose
Zone Investigations.
Current edition approved May 1, 2012Jan. 1, 2018. Published December 2012February 2018. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20062012
as D5850 – 95 (2006).(2012). DOI: 10.1520/D5850-95R12. 10.1520/D5850-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Unite
...
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