ASTM A353/A353M-17(2022)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Double-Normalized and Tempered 9 % Nickel
Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Double-Normalized and Tempered 9 % Nickel
ABSTRACT
This guide covers standard specification for nickel steel plates, double-normalized and tempered, intended particularly for welded pressure vessels for cryogenic service. The steel shall be killed and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement. All plates shall undergo heat and product analysis and shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and nickel. Tensile properties of the steel plate shall meet the specified values for tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. The material shall undergo mechanical tests such as tension test and impact test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers double-normalized and tempered 9 % nickel steel plates intended particularly for welded pressure vessels for cryogenic service.
1.2 Plates produced under this specification are subject to impact testing at −320 °F [−195 °C] or at such other temperatures as are agreed upon.
1.3 The maximum thickness of plates is limited only by the capacity of the material to meet the specific mechanical property requirements.
1.4 This material is susceptible to magnetization. Use of magnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided if residual magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabrication or service.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Aug-2022
- Technical Committee
- A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
- Drafting Committee
- A01.11 - Steel Plates for Boilers and Pressure Vessels
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2018
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2009
Overview
ASTM A353/A353M-17(2022) is the international standard specification developed by ASTM for pressure vessel plates made of double-normalized and tempered 9% nickel alloy steel. This standard is especially relevant for welded pressure vessels destined for cryogenic service, ensuring reliability and performance at extremely low temperatures. The guideline defines requirements for chemical composition, mechanical properties, heat treatment, and testing methods to guarantee steel plate quality and safety.
Key Topics
Material Specification
- Covers double-normalized and tempered 9% nickel steel plates.
- Plates are produced to meet the demands of welded pressure vessels used in cryogenic conditions.
- Steel must be fully killed and exhibit a fine austenitic grain size.
Chemical and Mechanical Requirements
- Prescribes strict chemical composition for elements such as carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and nickel.
- Requires plates to achieve specified tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation values for optimal durability.
- Mechanical testing includes both tension and impact tests, ensuring steel resilience under operational stresses.
Heat Treatment
- All plates undergo a sequence of double normalizing and tempering treatments to enhance mechanical properties.
- Specific procedures for heat treatment are detailed, with re-normalizing required if hot forming occurs.
Impact Testing
- Plates must pass impact tests at −320 °F [−195 °C], confirming performance in cryogenic applications.
- Supplementary requirements permit tests at different temperatures or with additional testing for enhanced confidence.
Dimensional and Inspection Standards
- There is no prescribed maximum thickness, provided material meets mechanical property requirements.
- Plates are subject to inspection for quality, homogeneity, and dimensions as outlined in referenced ASTM documents.
Applications
Cryogenic Pressure Vessels
- Ideal for constructing welded pressure vessels operating in cryogenic environments, such as storage tanks for liquefied gasses (e.g., LNG, liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen).
- Critical in industries like petrochemical, energy, and transportation where storage of cryogenic substances is required.
Industrial and Commercial Equipment
- Used in fabrication of heads, shells, and reinforcing components within pressure systems exposed to low temperatures.
- Essential in projects demanding material reliability and toughness at sub-zero conditions.
Safety and Regulatory Compliance
- Assists manufacturers and engineers in meeting stringent safety guidelines for pressure vessel construction, enhancing plant safety and operational efficiency.
- Facilitates compliance with international regulations and quality assurance norms for material supply and pressure vessel design.
Related Standards
- ASTM A20/A20M - General requirements for steel plates for pressure vessels; provides detailed testing, retesting, and supplementary options.
- ASTM A435/A435M - Ultrasonic examination of steel plates.
- ASTM A577/A577M and A578/A578M - Requirements on ultrasonic inspection in angle-beam or straight-beam configurations for special plate applications.
ASTM A353/A353M is closely aligned with relevant sections of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (notably SA-353/SA-353M). For comprehensive cryogenic service solutions in pressure vessel engineering, this standard is a key resource guiding material selection, fabrication, inspection, and compliance.
Keywords: pressure vessel plates, 9 percent nickel steel, cryogenic service, ASTM A353, double-normalized tempered alloy, welded pressure vessel, steel plates for low temperature, impact test, tensile requirements, chemical composition standards.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM A353/A353M-17(2022) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Double-Normalized and Tempered 9 % Nickel". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This guide covers standard specification for nickel steel plates, double-normalized and tempered, intended particularly for welded pressure vessels for cryogenic service. The steel shall be killed and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement. All plates shall undergo heat and product analysis and shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and nickel. Tensile properties of the steel plate shall meet the specified values for tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. The material shall undergo mechanical tests such as tension test and impact test. SCOPE 1.1 This specification2 covers double-normalized and tempered 9 % nickel steel plates intended particularly for welded pressure vessels for cryogenic service. 1.2 Plates produced under this specification are subject to impact testing at −320 °F [−195 °C] or at such other temperatures as are agreed upon. 1.3 The maximum thickness of plates is limited only by the capacity of the material to meet the specific mechanical property requirements. 1.4 This material is susceptible to magnetization. Use of magnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided if residual magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabrication or service. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This guide covers standard specification for nickel steel plates, double-normalized and tempered, intended particularly for welded pressure vessels for cryogenic service. The steel shall be killed and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement. All plates shall undergo heat and product analysis and shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and nickel. Tensile properties of the steel plate shall meet the specified values for tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. The material shall undergo mechanical tests such as tension test and impact test. SCOPE 1.1 This specification2 covers double-normalized and tempered 9 % nickel steel plates intended particularly for welded pressure vessels for cryogenic service. 1.2 Plates produced under this specification are subject to impact testing at −320 °F [−195 °C] or at such other temperatures as are agreed upon. 1.3 The maximum thickness of plates is limited only by the capacity of the material to meet the specific mechanical property requirements. 1.4 This material is susceptible to magnetization. Use of magnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided if residual magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabrication or service. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM A353/A353M-17(2022) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 77.140.30 - Steels for pressure purposes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM A353/A353M-17(2022) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM A578/A578M-17(2023), ASTM A435/A435M-17(2023), ASTM A577/A577M-17(2023), ASTM A20/A20M-18, ASTM A20/A20M-17, ASTM A578/A578M-17, ASTM A20/A20M-15, ASTM A20/A20M-14, ASTM A20/A20M-13, ASTM A577/A577M-90(2012), ASTM A435/A435M-90(2012), ASTM A578/A578M-07(2012), ASTM A20/A20M-11, ASTM A20/A20M-10, ASTM A20/A20M-09. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM A353/A353M-17(2022) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A353/A353M −17 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Double-Normalized and
Tempered 9% Nickel
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA353/A353M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers double-normalized and tem-
A20/A20M SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforSteel
pered 9 % nickel steel plates intended particularly for welded
Plates for Pressure Vessels
pressure vessels for cryogenic service.
A435/A435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
1.2 Plates produced under this specification are subject to
Examination of Steel Plates
impact testing at −320 °F [−195 °C] or at such other tempera-
A577/A577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Ex-
tures as are agreed upon.
amination of Steel Plates
A578/A578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
1.3 The maximum thickness of plates is limited only by the
Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applica-
capacity of the material to meet the specific mechanical
tions
property requirements.
3. General Requirements and Ordering Information
1.4 This material is susceptible to magnetization. Use of
magnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided if
3.1 Material supplied to this material specification shall
residual magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabri-
conform to Specification A20/A20M. These requirements out-
cation or service.
line the testing and retesting methods and procedures, permit-
ted variations in dimensions, and mass, quality and repair of
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
defects, marking, loading, and ordering information.
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
3.2 In addition to the basic requirements of this
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
specification,certainsupplementaryrequirementsareavailable
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
when additional control, testing, or examination is required to
beusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthe
meet end use requirements. The purchaser is referred to the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to
cation.
the detailed requirements in Specification A20/A20M.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
withtherequirementsofSpecificationA20/A20M,therequire-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ments of this specification shall prevail.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Manufacture
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 Steelmaking Practice—The steel shall be killed and
shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement of
Specification A20/A20M.
5. Heat Treatment
5.1 All plates shall be heat treated in accordance with 5.2.
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Shell plates and other parts, including heads and reinforcing
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.11 on Steel Plates for Boilers and Pressure Vessels.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2022. Originally
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as A353/A353M – 17. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0353_A0353M-17R22. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-353/SA-353M in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A353/A353M−17 (2022)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
treatmentandtoconducttestsitdeemsnecessarytoensurethat
Element Composition, % the specified properties are attained.
A
Carbon, max 0.13
6. Chemical Requirements
Manganese, max
Heat analysis 0.90
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical composition
Product analysis 0.98
A
Phosphorus, max 0.015 requirements shown in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in
A
Sulfur, max 0.015
accordance with Supplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum
Silicon:
B
Carbon-Deoxidized Steel, in Specification A20/A20M.
Heat analysis 0.15–0.40
B
0.13–0.45
Product analysis
Nickel: 7. Mechanical Requirements
Heat analysis 8.50–9.50
7.1 TensionTestRequirements—Thematerialasrepresented
Product analysis 8.40–9.60
A by the tension-test specimens shall conform to the require-
Applies to both heat and product analyses.
B
The specified minimum limit does not apply if the total aluminum content is ments specified in Table 2.
0.030 % or more, or provided that acid soluble aluminum is 0.025 % or more.
7.1.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the
manufacturer, yield strength may be determined by the exten-
sion under load method, using 0.005 in./in. [0.005 mm/mm]
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
total extension.
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa] 100–120 [690–825]
7.1.2 Fo
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