ASTM D1560-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Resistance to Deformation and Cohesion of Asphalt Mixtures by Means of Hveem Apparatus (Withdrawn 2024)
Standard Test Methods for Resistance to Deformation and Cohesion of Asphalt Mixtures by Means of Hveem Apparatus (Withdrawn 2024)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The results of the deformation and cohesion tests can be used for specification purposes or for mix design purposes, or both. For example, these values can be used for specification compliance testing of aggregate properties. They can also be used for specification compliance testing of the mix. The cohesion test is sometimes used for fine mixes such as sand mixes wherein cohesion, or tensile strength, is of major or primary importance. The cohesion test is also sometimes used for the design of cold mixes containing emulsified asphalt.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of (1) the resistance to deformation of compacted asphalt mixtures by measuring the lateral pressure developed when applying a vertical load by means of the Hveem stabilometer and (2) the cohesion of compacted asphalt mixtures by measuring the force required to break or bend the sample as a cantilever beam by means of the Hveem cohesiometer.2
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, with the exception that the steel shot flow rate for the cohesiometer is expressed in g/min units. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
These test methods covered the determination of the resistance to deformation of compacted asphalt mixtures by measuring the lateral pressure developed when applying a vertical load by means of the Hveem stabilometer and the cohesion of compacted asphalt mixtures by measuring the force required to break or bend the sample as a cantilever beam by means of the Hveem cohesiometer.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials, these test methods were withdrawn in April 2024 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1560 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
Resistance to Deformation and Cohesion of Asphalt
1
Mixtures by Means of Hveem Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1560; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of (1) the
resistance to deformation of compacted asphalt mixtures by 2.2 California Department of Transportation Standards:
2
measuring the lateral pressure developed when applying a
Test 366 Method of Test for Stabilometer Value
vertical load by means of the Hveem stabilometer and (2) the
cohesion of compacted asphalt mixtures by measuring the
3. Significance and Use
force required to break or bend the sample as a cantilever beam
2 3.1 The results of the deformation and cohesion tests can be
by means of the Hveem cohesiometer.
used for specification purposes or for mix design purposes, or
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
both. For example, these values can be used for specification
as standard, with the exception that the steel shot flow rate for
compliance testing of aggregate properties. They can also be
the cohesiometer is expressed in g/min units. The values given
used for specification compliance testing of the mix. The
inparenthesesaremathematicalconversionstoSIunitsthatare
cohesion test is sometimes used for fine mixes such as sand
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
mixes wherein cohesion, or tensile strength, is of major or
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes primary importance. The cohesion test is also sometimes used
for the design of cold mixes containing emulsified asphalt.
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
NOTE 1—The quality of the results produced by this standard are
as requirements of the standard.
dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used.
Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Specification D3666 alone does not completely assure reliable results.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of
Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a
means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
RESISTANCE TO DEFORMATION
D1561 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Test
Specimens by Means of California Kneading Compactor
4. Apparatus
4.1 Stabilometer—The Hveem stabilometer (Fig. 1 and Fig.
2) is a triaxial testing device consisting essentially of a rubber
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on
sleeve within a metal cylinder containing a liquid which
Road and Paving Materials and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
registers the horizontal pressure developed by a compacted test
D04.20 on Mechanical Tests of Asphalt Mixtures.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published August 2015. Originally
specimen as a vertical load is applied.
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D1560 – 09a. DOI:
10.1520/D1560-15. 4.2 Testing Machine—A compression testing machine hav-
2
A more detailed description of the procedures for performing the tests is
ing a minimum capacity of 10 000 lbf (44.5 kN). Fig. 3 shows
available on request from the California Dept. of Transportation, 5900 Folsom
the stabilometer in a testing machine.
Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95819. Also available is a procedure containing details
regarding the operation and calibration of the stabilometer and the replacement of
4.3 Test Specimen Push-Out Device—A device, to push the
the stabilometer diaphragm.
3 specimen out of the mold.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1560 − 09a D1560 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
Resistance to Deformation and Cohesion of
1
BituminousAsphalt Mixtures by Means of Hveem Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1560; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of (1) the resistance to deformation of compacted bituminousasphalt mixtures
by measuring the lateral pressure developed when applying a vertical load by means of the Hveem stabilometer and (2) the
cohesion of compacted bituminousasphalt mixtures by measuring the force required to break or bend the sample as a cantilever
2
beam by means of the Hveem cohesiometer.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. standard, with the exception that the steel shot flow
rate for the cohesiometer is expressed in g/min units. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units
that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1561 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Test Specimens by Means of California Kneading Compactor
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
2.2 California Department of Transportation Standards:
2
Test 306 Method of Test for Cohesiometer Value
2
Test 366 Method of Test for Stabilometer Value
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The results of the deformation and cohesion tests can be used for specification purposes or for mix design purposes, or both.
For example, these values can be used for specification compliance testing of aggregate properties. They can also be used for
specification compliance testing of the mix. The cohesion test is sometimes used for fine mixes such as sand mixes wherein
cohesion, or tensile strength, is of major or primary importance. The cohesion test is also sometimes used for the design of cold
mixes containing emulsified asphalt.
NOTE 1—The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the
capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable
of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not
completely assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable
guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.20 on
Mechanical Tests of BituminousAsphalt Mixtures.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009July 1, 2015. Published January 2010August 2015. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
D1560 – 09.D1560 – 09a. DOI: 10.1520/D1560-09A.10.1520/D1560-15.
2
A more detailed description of the procedures for performing the tests is available on request from the California Dept. of Transportation, 5900 Folsom Blvd., Sacramento,
CA 95819. Also available is a procedure containing details regarding the operation and calibration of the stabilometer and the replacement of the stabilometer diaphragm.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1560 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
Resistance to Deformation and Cohesion of Asphalt
1
Mixtures by Means of Hveem Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1560; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of (1) the
resistance to deformation of compacted asphalt mixtures by
2.2 California Department of Transportation Standards:
2
measuring the lateral pressure developed when applying a Test 366 Method of Test for Stabilometer Value
vertical load by means of the Hveem stabilometer and (2) the
cohesion of compacted asphalt mixtures by measuring the
3. Significance and Use
force required to break or bend the sample as a cantilever beam
3.1 The results of the deformation and cohesion tests can be
2
by means of the Hveem cohesiometer.
used for specification purposes or for mix design purposes, or
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
both. For example, these values can be used for specification
as standard, with the exception that the steel shot flow rate for
compliance testing of aggregate properties. They can also be
the cohesiometer is expressed in g/min units. The values given
used for specification compliance testing of the mix. The
in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are
cohesion test is sometimes used for fine mixes such as sand
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
mixes wherein cohesion, or tensile strength, is of major or
primary importance. The cohesion test is also sometimes used
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes for the design of cold mixes containing emulsified asphalt.
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
NOTE 1—The quality of the results produced by this standard are
as requirements of the standard.
dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used.
Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Specification D3666 alone does not completely assure reliable results.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of
Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a
means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
RESISTANCE TO DEFORMATION
D1561 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Test
Specimens by Means of California Kneading Compactor
4. Apparatus
4.1 Stabilometer— The Hveem stabilometer (Fig. 1 and Fig.
2) is a triaxial testing device consisting essentially of a rubber
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on
sleeve within a metal cylinder containing a liquid which
Road and Paving Materials and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
registers the horizontal pressure developed by a compacted test
D04.20 on Mechanical Tests of Asphalt Mixtures.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published August 2015. Originally specimen as a vertical load is applied.
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D1560 – 09a. DOI:
10.1520/D1560-15. 4.2 Testing Machine—A compression testing machine hav-
2
A more detailed description of the procedures for performing the tests is
ing a minimum capacity of 10 000 lbf (44.5 kN). Fig. 3 shows
available on request from the California Dept. of Transportation, 5900 Folsom
the stabilometer in a testing machine.
Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95819. Also available is a procedure containing details
regarding the operation and calibration of the stabilometer and the replacement of
4.3 Test Specimen Push-Out Device—A device, to push the
the stabilometer diaphragm.
3
specimen out of the mold.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.4 Oven—An oven capable of maintaining a temperature of
Standards
...
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