ASTM D7794-18
(Practice)Standard Practice for Blending Mid-Level Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Vehicles with Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
Standard Practice for Blending Mid-Level Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Vehicles with Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies to the blending of automotive spark-ignition engine fuels with ethanol concentrations greater than those suitable for conventional-fuel vehicles and less than the minimum ethanol content specification limits of Specification D5798. These mid-level ethanol fuel blends are for use in flexible-fuel vehicles and are sometimes referred to at retail as “Ethanol Flex Fuel.”
1.2 These mid-level ethanol fuel blends are only suitable for use in ground flexible-fuel vehicles equipped with spark-ignition engines. Flexible-fuel vehicles are designed to operate on gasoline or gasoline-ethanol blends that meet the requirements of Specification D4814, ethanol fuel blends that meet the requirements of Specification D5798, or any combination of these. In the United States, these vehicles are certified by the U.S. EPA as emissions compliant with these types of fuels.
1.3 The mid-level ethanol fuel blend shall be blended from either:
1.3.1 Denatured fuel ethanol conforming to the requirements of Specification D4806 with a reduced limit on inorganic chloride content that will ensure no more than 1 mg/kg inorganic chloride in the finished fuel and from spark-ignition engine fuel conforming to Specification D4814 (often at a distribution terminal or bulk plant), or
1.3.2 Ethanol fuel blends conforming to Specification D5798 and from spark-ignition engine fuel conforming to Specification D4814 (often at a retail site).
1.4 This practice describes the required procedures for blending various mid-level ethanol fuel blends for flexible-fuel vehicles at the bulk distribution point or retail/commercial delivery site. These requirements may be applied at other points in the production and distribution system when provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D7794 − 18
Standard Practice for
Blending Mid-Level Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel
1
Vehicles with Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7794; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This practice applies to the blending of automotive
standard.
spark-ignition engine fuels with ethanol concentrations greater
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
than those suitable for conventional-fuel vehicles and less than
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the minimum ethanol content specification limits of Specifica-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tion D5798. These mid-level ethanol fuel blends are for use in
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
flexible-fuel vehicles and are sometimes referred to at retail as
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
“Ethanol Flex Fuel.”
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.2 Thesemid-levelethanolfuelblendsareonlysuitablefor
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
use in ground flexible-fuel vehicles equipped with spark-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ignition engines. Flexible-fuel vehicles are designed to operate
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
on gasoline or gasoline-ethanol blends that meet the require-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
mentsofSpecificationD4814,ethanolfuelblendsthatmeetthe
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
requirements of Specification D5798, or any combination of
these. In the United States, these vehicles are certified by the 2. Referenced Documents
U.S. EPA as emissions compliant with these types of fuels. 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.3 The mid-level ethanol fuel blend shall be blended from
Petroleum Products
either:
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
1.3.1 Denatured fuel ethanol conforming to the require-
Fuels, and Lubricants
mentsofSpecificationD4806withareducedlimitoninorganic
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
chloride content that will ensure no more than 1 mg/kg
Petroleum Products
inorganic chloride in the finished fuel and from spark-ignition
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-
engine fuel conforming to Specification D4814 (often at a
ing with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition
distribution terminal or bulk plant), or
Engine Fuel
1.3.2 Ethanol fuel blends conforming to Specification
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
D5798 and from spark-ignition engine fuel conforming to
Fuel
Specification D4814 (often at a retail site).
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,
TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alco-
1.4 This practice describes the required procedures for
1 4
hols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
blending various mid-level ethanol fuel blends for flexible-fuel
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
vehicles at the bulk distribution point or retail/commercial
ucts (Mini Method)
delivery site. These requirements may be applied at other
D5501 Test Method for Determination of Ethanol and
pointsintheproductionanddistributionsystemwhenprovided
Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20%
by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
D5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
2
mittee D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7794 – 14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7794-18. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7794 − 18
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Sele
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7794 − 14 D7794 − 18
Standard Practice for
Blending Mid-Level Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel
1
Vehicles with Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7794; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice applies to the blending of automotive spark-ignition engine fuels with ethanol concentrations greater than
those suitable for conventional-fuel vehicles and less than the minimum ethanol content specification limits of Specification
D5798. These mid-level ethanol fuel blends are for use in flexible-fuel vehicles and are sometimes referred to at retail as “Ethanol
Flex Fuel.”
1.2 These mid-level ethanol fuel blends are only suitable for use in ground flexible-fuel vehicles equipped with spark-ignition
engines. Flexible-fuel vehicles are designed to operate on gasoline or gasoline-ethanol blends that meet the requirements of
Specification D4814, ethanol fuel blends that meet the requirements of Specification D5798, or any combination of these. In the
United States, these vehicles are certified by the U.S. EPA as emissions compliant with these types of fuels.
1.3 The mid-level ethanol fuel blend shall be blended from either:
1.3.1 Denatured fuel ethanol conforming to the requirements of Specification D4806 with a reduced limit on inorganic chloride
content that will ensure no more than 1 mg/kg inorganic chloride in the finished fuel and from spark-ignition engine fuel
conforming to Specification D4814 (often at a distribution terminal or bulk plant), or
1.3.2 Ethanol fuel blends conforming to Specification D5798 and from spark-ignition engine fuel conforming to Specification
D4814 (often at a retail site).
1.4 This practice describes the required procedures for blending various mid-level ethanol fuel blends for flexible-fuel vehicles
at the bulk distribution point or retail/commercial delivery site. These requirements may be applied at other points in the production
and distribution system when provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alcohols in
1 4
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014Aug. 1, 2018. Published January 2015August 2018. Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 20122014 as
D7794 – 12.D7794 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D7794-14.10.1520/D7794-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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