ASTM D3951-98(2004)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Commercial Packaging
Standard Practice for Commercial Packaging
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice covers the requirements for the commercial preservation, packaging, packing unitization and marking for supplies and equipment. It includes the minimum requirements for physical and mechanical protection and provides for multiple handling, shipment by any mode, and storage periods for a minimum of 1 year in enclosed facilities without damage to the product. It also provides for package quantities suitable for redistribution without additional repackaging or marking.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements for packaging of supplies and equipment, exclusive of ammunition, explosives, or hazardous materials, as covered in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D3951–98(Reapproved2004)
Standard Practice for
Commercial Packaging
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3951; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope multiple handling, shipment by any mode, and storage periods
for a minimum of 1 year in enclosed facilities without damage
1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements for
to the product. It also provides for package quantities suitable
packaging of supplies and equipment, exclusive of ammuni-
for redistribution without additional repackaging or marking.
tion, explosives, or hazardous materials, as covered in Title 49
of the Code of Federal Regulations.
5. Requirements
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 General—The following requirements, unless specifi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cally changed by the contract or order, shall apply. Suppliers
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
are encouraged to use advanced packaging technology.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1.1 Packaging—Preservation, packaging, packing, and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
marking furnished by the suppliers shall meet or exceed the
2. Referenced Documents following minimum requirements:
2 5.1.1.1 Cleanliness— Items shall be free of dirt and other
2.1 ASTM Standards:
contaminants which would contribute to deterioration of the
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
item or which would require cleaning by the customer prior to
ments
use. Coatings and preservatives applied to the item for protec-
D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
tion are not considered contaminants.
tainers and Systems
5.1.1.2 Preservation— Items susceptible to corrosion or
2.2 Code of Federal Regulations:
3 deterioration shall be provided protection such as preservative
Title 49 Transportation (Parts 100 to 199)
coatings, volatile corrosion inhibitors, or desiccated unit packs.
3. Terminology 5.1.1.3 Cushioning—Items requiring protection from physi-
cal and mechanical damage or which are fragile shall be
3.1 Terminology found in Terminology D996 shall apply.
protected by wrapping, cushioning, pack compartmentization,
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
cartonizing, or other means to mitigate shock and vibration to
3.2.1 safe delivery—in packaging, delivery of a shipment to
prevent damage during handling and shipment.
its destination with minimal damage to the package and no
5.1.2 Unit Package:
damage to the contents.
5.1.2.1 Unit Package—Aunit package shall be so designed
4. Significance and Use
and constructed that it will contain the contents with no
damage to them, and with minimal damage to the unit pack
4.1 This practice covers the requirements for the commer-
during shipment and storage in the shipping container, and will
cial preservation, packaging, packing unitization and marking
allow subsequent handling.
for supplies and equipment. It includes the minimum require-
5.1.2.2 Unit Package Quantity—Unless otherwise speci-
ments for physical and mechanical protection and provides for
fied, the unit package quantity shall be one each part, set, or
assembly. Excepted are small lightweight items, for example,
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging
industrial hardware, which will be unit packaged in quantities
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD10.25onPalletizingandUnitizing
that are standard in the trade and suitable for retail sales. Bulk
of Loads.
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published January 1999. Originally packaging is specifically excluded unless specified in the
published as D3951 – 80. Last previous edition D3951 – 95. DOI: 10.1520/D3951-
contract or order.
09.
5.1.3 Intermediate Package:
For referenced ASTM standards, visi
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