ASTM F2891-15(2020)e1

Standard Specification for Commercial Bulk Milk Dispensers, Mechanically Refrigerated

ABSTRACT
This specification covers commercial bulk milk dispensers for dispensing milk in commercial and institutional food service establishments. These specified commercial bulk milk dispensers are self-contained, manually-operated, gravity-fed, mechanically refrigerated cabinets with lift-up valves used for dispensing refrigerated milks and milk fluid products. Commercial bulk milk dispensers covered in this specification are classified by type, electrical class and size. In this specification, types 1, 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A are determined and covered. For electrical classes of bulk milk dispenser, the classes 1 and 2 are described. Sizes 1 to 3 of milk dispenser are used in this specification to describe commercial bulk milk dispenser. The physical properties of commercial bulk milk dispenser are also covered in this specification wherein the design and manufacturer, the cooling system, the controls, the standards and compliance and the accessories are specified in accordance with agreed requirements and specifications. Sampling, testing, and quality assurance of finished units are also covered in this specification wherein these tests and procedures must be met in accordance with ANSI/UL 471 and NSF/ANSI 20.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers commercial bulk milk dispensers which are for dispensing milk in the commercial and institutional food service establishments. These commercial bulk milk dispensers are self-contained, manually-operated, gravity-fed, mechanically refrigerated cabinet(s) with lift-up or push-type valves. These units are intended to dispense refrigerated milk and fluid milk products.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 29-Feb-2020
• ICS: 55.230 - Distribution and vending machines
• Technical Committee: F26 - Food Service Equipment
• Drafting Committee: F26.03 - Storage and Dispensing Equipment

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F2891-15 - Standard Specification for Commercial Bulk Milk Dispensers, Mechanically Refrigerated
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2020
• Refers: ASTM A240/A240M-23a - Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM D3951-18(2023) - Standard Practice for Commercial Packaging
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2023
• Refers: ASTM D3951-18 - Standard Practice for Commercial Packaging
• Effective Date: 01-May-2018
• Refers: ASTM F760-93(2017) - Standard Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM A240/A240M-17 - Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM A240/A240M-16a - Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2016
• Refers: ASTM A240/A240M-16 - Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-May-2016
• Refers: ASTM D3951-15 - Standard Practice for Commercial Packaging
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015
• Refers: ASTM A240/A240M-15b - Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2015
• Refers: ASTM A240/A240M-15a - Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2015
• Refers: ASTM A240/A240M-15 - Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2015
• Refers: ASTM A240/A240M-14 - Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-May-2014
• Refers: ASTM A276-13a - Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Refers: ASTM A240/A240M-13c - Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013

Overview

ASTM F2891-15(2020)e1: Standard Specification for Commercial Bulk Milk Dispensers, Mechanically Refrigerated establishes the requirements for commercial bulk milk dispensers used in foodservice establishments such as cafeterias, schools, hospitals, and other institutional settings. These dispensers are designed as self-contained, gravity-fed, manually-operated, mechanically refrigerated cabinets that maintain proper temperatures for dispensing milk and similar fluid milk products. The standard provides comprehensive guidelines on the classification, design, materials, performance, marking, packaging, and quality assurance for bulk milk dispensers to ensure safety, reliability, and sanitary operation.

Key Topics

• Classification: The standard classifies commercial bulk milk dispensers by type, electrical class, and size.

  • Type: Covers units such as table top (Type 1), standard with adjustable legs (Type 1A), flange feet for bolting (Type 2A), sealed to countertop (Type 3A), and wall-mounted (Type 4A).
  • Electrical Class: Class 1 (120 V, 60 Hz, single phase), Class 2 (230 V, 50 Hz, single phase).
  • Size: Based on the number of bulk milk containers (sizes 1, 2, and 3) the dispenser can hold, generally ranging from 1 to 3 containers.

• Design and Construction:

  • Dispensers must include a refrigerated cabinet, stable support, dispensing area, and provisions to minimize condensate.
  • Cooling systems must be contained to prevent accidental contact with moving parts.
  • Materials must be corrosion-resistant as per ASTM and other referenced standards.
  • Accessories such as temperature indicators, built-in trim, and locks are optional.

• Compliance and Testing:

  • The dispenser must comply with safety and sanitation requirements as outlined in ANSI/UL 471 and NSF/ANSI 20.
  • Units must have identifiable marking plates and instruction plates for operation, which are durable and readable.
  • Comprehensive sampling, testing, and quality assurance requirements are specified, referencing ANSI and military standards where appropriate.

• User Instructions and Packaging:

  • Each unit must include a detailed instruction manual compliant with ASTM F760.
  • Packaging should follow manufacturer standards or meet commercial packaging requirements per ASTM D3951.

Applications

Commercial bulk milk dispensers specified in ASTM F2891-15(2020)e1 play a key role in maintaining food safety and operational efficiency in a range of settings, including:

• Institutional foodservice: Schools, hospitals, correctional facilities, and military installations benefit from consistent, sanitary milk dispensing.
• Hospitality and catering: Cafeterias, restaurants, and buffet services use these dispensers to offer chilled milk to customers conveniently.
• Fleet and shipboard: The standard includes supplemental requirements for naval and military applications, ensuring dispensers operate reliably under demanding conditions such as vibration, motion, and inclination.

By setting requirements for physical construction, cooling systems, electrical classes, and marking, this ASTM standard ensures that milk dispensers offer reliable, hygienic, and user-friendly operation across various commercial environments.

Related Standards

To ensure quality and compliance, ASTM F2891-15(2020)e1 references several related standards, including:

• ASTM A240/A240M: Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip.
• ASTM D3951: Practice for Commercial Packaging.
• ASTM F760: Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals.
• ANSI/UL 471: Standard for Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers.
• NSF/ANSI 20: Commercial Bulk Milk Dispensing Equipment.
• ANSI B1.1: Unified Inch Screw Threads Form.
• MIL-STD-167/1: Mechanical Vibrations of Shipboard Equipment.
• MIL-STD-461: Electromagnetic Emission Requirements.
• MIL-STD-1399/300: Shipboard Electric Power Interface Standards.

Referencing these standards supports product safety, sanitation, durability, and regulatory compliance, making ASTM F2891-15(2020)e1 an essential document for manufacturers, specifiers, and operators of commercial bulk milk dispensers.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: F2891 −15 (Reapproved 2020) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Commercial Bulk Milk Dispensers, Mechanically
Refrigerated
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2891; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Corrected footnotes 5 and 6 in March 2020.
1. Scope A176 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chro-
mium Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (Withdrawn 2015)
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverscommercialbulkmilkdispens-
A276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
ers which are for dispensing milk in the commercial and
A366/A366M Specification for Commercial Steel (CS)
institutional food service establishments. These commercial
Sheet, Carbon, (0.15 Maximum Percent) Cold-Rolled
bulk milk dispensers are self-contained, manually-operated,
(Withdrawn 2000)
gravity-fed, mechanically refrigerated cabinet(s) with lift-up or
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
push-type valves. These units are intended to dispense refrig-
F760 Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals
erated milk and fluid milk products.
F1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
2.2 ANSI Standards:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
ANSI B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR
and are not considered standard.
Thread Form)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the ANSI Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and Attributes
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- ANSI/UL 471 Commercial refrigerators and freezers
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
ANSI/UL 969 Marking and Labeling Systems
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. NSF/ANSI20 Commercialbulkmilkdispensingequipment
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
2.3 Military Standards:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
MIL-STD-167/1 Mechanical Vibrations of Shipboard
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Equipment, Type I—Environmental and Type II—
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Internally Excited
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical MIL-STD-461 Military Standard for Electromagnetic Emis-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
sion and Susceptibility Requirements for the Control of
Electromagnetic Interference
2. Referenced Documents
MIL-STD-1399/300 Interface Standards for Shipboard Sys-
tems Section 300A, Electric Power, Alternating Current
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
3. Terminology
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
Vessels and for General Applications
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.03 on Available from UL LLC, Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062,
Storage and Dispensing Equipment. http://www.ul.com.
Current edition approved March 1, 2020. Published March 2020. Originally Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, Ann Arbor, MI 48113-
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F2891 – 15. DOI: 0140, http://www.nsf.org.
10.1520/F2891-15R20E01. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, Attn: NPODS OR
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Acquisition Streamlining and Standardization Information System (ASSIST) which
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on is the official source of all documents listed in the DoD Index of Specifications and
the ASTM website. Standards. The ASSIST can be located at http://dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
F2891 − 15 (2020)
3.2 bulk food, n—food, available to the customer, which is a copy of the certification or test results, or both, shall be
not enclosed in a sealed package, wrapper, or similar container. furnished to the purchaser.
5.2.5 When specified, a number of dispensing heads needs
3.3 bulk milk dispenser, n—equipment that consists of
to be specified during the ordering of the unit.
mechanically refrigerated cabinet and a dispensing mechanism
5.2.6 When specified, the unit has a means to display or
that stores and dispenses servings of milk at proper tempera-
indicate cabinet temperature and able to set temperature.
tures when operated manually or by machine actuation (other
than coin).
6. Materials and Manufacture
3.4 dispenser, n—a unit for storage and proportioned trans-
6.1 General—Commercial bulk milk dispensers shall con-
fer of material such as beverages, condiments, food, soaps, or
form to the applicable documents listed in Section 2. Materials
wares.
used shall be free of defects that would affect the performance
or maintainability of individual components or of the overall
4. Classification
assembly. Materials not specified herein shall be of the same
4.1 Commercial bulk milk dispensers cover by this specifi-
quality used for the intended purpose in commercial practice.
cation are classified by type, electrical class and size.
The use of used or rebuilt products is not allowed under this
4.1.1 Type:
specification unless otherwise specified.
4.1.1.1 Type 1—Table top unit.
6.2 Hardware and Fittings—Unless otherwise specified, all
4.1.1.2 Type 1A—Standard mounted with adjustable legs.
hardware and fittings shall be corrosion-resistant to Specifica-
4.1.1.3 Type 2A—With flange feet to allow the legs to be
tions A240/A240M or A176 or suitably processed to resist
bolted to counter-top.
corrosion in accordance with the manufacturer’s standard
4.1.1.4 Type 3A—Sealed to counter top.
practice.
4.1.1.5 Type 4A—Wall mounted.
4.1.2 Electrical Class: 6.3 Threaded Parts—All threaded parts shall conform to
4.1.2.1 Class 1—120 V, 60 Hz, 1 phase. ANSI B1.1.
4.1.2.2 Class 2—230 V, 50 Hz, 1 phase.
7. Physical Properties
4.1.3 Size (Capacity)—Number of Bulk Milk containers
ranging from 1 to 5 gal that can be dispensed from a single
7.1 Design and Manufacturer—The commercial bulk milk
unit.
dispensershallconsistofarefrigeratedcabinet,areaphysically
4.1.3.1 Size 1—1 milk container.
supporting the refrigerated cabinet, area below refrigerated
4.1.3.2 Size 2—2 milk container.
cabinet for dispensing milk into a container, and provision to
4.1.3.3 Size 3—3 milk container.
limit the condensate drippings on the counter top. The com-
4.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mercial bulk milk dispenser may include product monitoring
sizes that may be available but it provides an overview of the
system, product probe, and bulk milk container holders to
most common sizes used in the industry.
accommodate various types of containers if specified.
7.1.1 Cooling System—The cabinet cooling system should
5. Ordering Information
be contained in the unit so no accidental contact can be made
with moving parts.
5.1 Orders for commercial bulk milk dispensers in accor-
7.1.2 Controls:
dance with this specification shall include the following
7.1.2.1 A temperature control must be provided for the
instructions:
cabinet.
5.1.1 ASTM specification number and date issued,
7.1.2.2 If specified, control functions such as data/
5.1.2 Quantity of units to be furnished,
information transfer ports (RS232), product-monitoring
5.1.3 Type,
capabilities, and water-resistant construction may be provided.
5.1.4 Class,
7.1.3 Accessories—If specified, accessories such as built-in
5.1.5 Size (Capacity).
trim and locks shall be provided.
5.2 The following options should be reviewed, and if
7.2 Standards and Compliance—The commercial bulk milk
desired they should be also included in the order:
dispenser shall conform to the requirements of ANSI/UL 471
5.2.1 When federal/military procurement(s) is involved,
and NSF/ANSI 20. Acceptable evidence of meeting those
refer to the supplemental pages.
requirements shall be current listing mark, label, or symbol of
5.2.2 When other than manufacturer’s standard,
recognized independent testing laboratory and a current listing
commercial, and domestic packaging is required, specify
in the testing laboratory’s appropriate publication.
packaging requirements.
7.2.1 Certification of compliance with the standards cited in
5.2.3 When special or supplemental requirements, or both,
this specification shall be provided, if required, in the purchase
such as inspections, options, accessories, modifications,
document.
changes for correctional facilities use, additional nameplate
data, etc. are required.
8. Sampling and Quality Assurance
5.2.4 When specified, a certification to ensure that samples
representing each lot have been either tested or inspected as 8.1 When specified in the c
...