ASTM B760-07(2019)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Tungsten Plate, Sheet, and Foil
Standard Specification for Tungsten Plate, Sheet, and Foil
ABSTRACT
This specification covers wrought unalloyed tungsten plate, sheet, and foil. The various tungsten flat products covered by this specification shall be formed with the conventional rolling, forging, or extrusion equipment, normally found in primary ferrous and nonferrous plants. The ingot metal shall be consolidated employing either the powder metallurgy or vacuum-arc-casting process. The materials shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, iron, nickel, and silicon. Plate, sheet, and foil shall be furnished in the following metallurgical condition: hot-rolled, stress relieved, and cold-rolled. The materials shall also conform to the required permissible variations in physical dimensions such as thickness, width, length, and flatness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers wrought unalloyed tungsten plate, sheet, and foil.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: B760 −07 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Tungsten Plate, Sheet, and Foil
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B760; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope between manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to
the product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or to
1.1 This specification covers wrought unalloyed tungsten
a single furnace load for final batch anneal.
plate, sheet, and foil.
3.1.3 A chemical analysis lot shall consist of a single
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
powder blend in the case of products manufactured from
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
pressed and sintered powder metallurgy shapes, or a single
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
ingot in the case of products manufactured from ingot.
and are not considered standard.
3.2 Product Forms:
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
3.2.1 foil, n—a flat product less than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in
test method portions of this specification: This standard does thickness.
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
3.2.2 plate, n—aflatproduct0.188in.(4.75mm)ormorein
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
thickness.
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
3.2.3 sheet, n—a flat product from .005 in. (0.13 mm) to
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
0.187 in. (4.75 mm) in thickness.
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Ordering Information
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallinclude
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
the following information:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1.1 Material identification and metallurgical condition
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
(Section 7),
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1.2 Product form (Section 3),
4.1.3 Chemical requirements (Table 1),
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.4 Tolerances (Section 9, Table 2, and Fig. 1),
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.5 Workmanship and quality level requirements (Section
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
10),
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.1.6 Packaging (Section 14),
4.1.7 Marking (Section 14),
3. Terminology
4.1.8 Certification and reports (Section 13), and
3.1 Lot Definitions:
4.1.9 Disposition of rejected material (Section 12).
3.1.1 ingot, n—no definition required.
5. Materials and Manufacture
3.1.2 A manufacturing lot shall consist of a material of the
samesize,shape,condition,andfinishproducedfromtheingot
5.1 The various tungsten flat products covered by this
orpowderblendbythesamerollingreductionscheduleandthe
specification shall be formed with the conventional rolling,
same heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreed
forging, or extrusion equipment, normally found in primary
ferrous and nonferrous plants.
5.2 The ingot metal is consolidated employing either the
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
powder metallurgy or vacuum-arc-casting process.
Subcommittee B10.04 on Molybdenum and Tungsten.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally
6. Chemical Composition
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B760–07 (2013).
DOI: 10.1520/B0760-07R19.
6.1 The tungsten ingots or billets for conversion to finished
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
products covered by this specification shall conform to the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
requirements of the chemical composition prescribed in Table
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B760 − 07 (2019)
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition/Check Analysis
Property Rounded Unit for Observed
or Calculated Value
Composition, Permissible Variations in
Element
max, % Check Analysis, %
Chemical composition, and tolerances nearest unit in the last right-hand place
C 0.010 ±0.002
(when expressed as decimals) of figures of the specified limit
A
O 0.010 + 10 % relative
Tensile strength and yield strength nearest 1000 psi (10 MPa)
N 0.010 + 0.0005
Elongation nearest 1 %
Fe 0.010 + 0.001
Ni 0.010 + 0.001
9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
Si 0.010 + 0.001
A
If chemical analysis is performed on a sample from the powder blend used to 9.1 The thickness tolerances on tungsten products covered
make the finished product, oxygen will be reported for information only.
by this specification shall be as specified in Table 2.
9.2 The width tolerances shall be as agreed upon between
the manufacturer and the purchaser. In general, shearing
tolerancewillbe 6 ⁄16in.(61.6mm)andslittingtolerancewill
6.2 Heat Analysis:
be 6 ⁄32 in. (60.8 mm).
6.2.1 Heat analysis is an analysis made by the manufacturer
9.3 The length and camber tolerances shall be as agreed
ofthemetalonarepresentativesampleofpowderfromasingle
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. In general,
powder blend in the case of material made from pressed and
length and camber tolerances will show a maximum deviation
sintered powder billets, or on a representative sample of a cast
of + ⁄16 in., − 0/ft (1.6 mm/m) of length.
ingot or intermediate product from that ingot in the case of
9.4 Flatness tolerances on tungsten flat products shall be as
material made from cast ingot.
follows:
6.2.2 Chemical lot analysis shall be as specified in Table 1,
with the exception of oxygen which shall be reported for Thickness, in.(mm) Flatness Deviation,
max,%
information only, and not be required to meet the requirements
0.005–0.187 (0.13–4.75) 4
of Table 1.
0.188–0.625 (4.75–15.9) 5
6.3 Check Analysis:
9.4.1 Determine flatness deviation (Fig. 1) as follows:
6.3.1 Checkanalysisisananalysismadebythepurchaseror
Flatnessdeviation, % 5 H/L 3100
~ !
the manufacturer of the metal after it has been processed into
where:
finished mill forms, and is either for the purpose of verifying
the composition of a heat or lot, or to determine variations in
H = maximum vertical distance between a flat reference
the composition within a heat or lot. surface and the lower surface of the flat product, and
6.3.2 Checkanalysistolerancesdonotbroadenthespecified L = minimum horizontal distance between the highest point
of the flat product where H is determined, and the point
heat analysis requirements but cover variations between labo-
ratories in the measurement of chemical content. of contact of the lower surface of the flat product with
a flat reference surface.
6.3.3 Check analysis limits shall b
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B760 − 07 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Tungsten Plate, Sheet, and Foil
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B760; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope between manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to
the product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or to
1.1 This specification covers wrought unalloyed tungsten
a single furnace load for final batch anneal.
plate, sheet, and foil.
3.1.3 A chemical analysis lot shall consist of a single
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
powder blend in the case of products manufactured from
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
pressed and sintered powder metallurgy shapes, or a single
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
ingot in the case of products manufactured from ingot.
and are not considered standard.
3.2 Product Forms:
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the 3.2.1 foil, n—a flat product less than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in
test method portions of this specification: This standard does
thickness.
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
3.2.2 plate, n—a flat product 0.188 in. (4.75 mm) or more in
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
thickness.
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
3.2.3 sheet, n—a flat product from .005 in. (0.13 mm) to
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
0.187 in. (4.75 mm) in thickness.
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Ordering Information
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
the following information:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1.1 Material identification and metallurgical condition
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
(Section 7),
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1.2 Product form (Section 3),
4.1.3 Chemical requirements (Table 1),
2. Referenced Documents
2 4.1.4 Tolerances (Section 9, Table 2, and Fig. 1),
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.5 Workmanship and quality level requirements (Section
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
10),
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.1.6 Packaging (Section 14),
4.1.7 Marking (Section 14),
3. Terminology
4.1.8 Certification and reports (Section 13), and
3.1 Lot Definitions:
4.1.9 Disposition of rejected material (Section 12).
3.1.1 ingot, n—no definition required.
5. Materials and Manufacture
3.1.2 A manufacturing lot shall consist of a material of the
same size, shape, condition, and finish produced from the ingot
5.1 The various tungsten flat products covered by this
or powder blend by the same rolling reduction schedule and the
specification shall be formed with the conventional rolling,
same heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreed
forging, or extrusion equipment, normally found in primary
ferrous and nonferrous plants.
5.2 The ingot metal is consolidated employing either the
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
powder metallurgy or vacuum-arc-casting process.
Subcommittee B10.04 on Molybdenum and Tungsten.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally
6. Chemical Composition
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B760 – 07 (2013).
DOI: 10.1520/B0760-07R19.
6.1 The tungsten ingots or billets for conversion to finished
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
products covered by this specification shall conform to the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
requirements of the chemical composition prescribed in Table
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B760 − 07 (2019)
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition/Check Analysis
Property Rounded Unit for Observed
or Calculated Value
Composition, Permissible Variations in
Element
max, % Check Analysis, %
Chemical composition, and tolerances nearest unit in the last right-hand place
C 0.010 ±0.002
(when expressed as decimals) of figures of the specified limit
A
O 0.010 + 10 % relative
Tensile strength and yield strength nearest 1000 psi (10 MPa)
N 0.010 + 0.0005
Elongation nearest 1 %
Fe 0.010 + 0.001
Ni 0.010 + 0.001
9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
Si 0.010 + 0.001
A
9.1 The thickness tolerances on tungsten products covered
If chemical analysis is performed on a sample from the powder blend used to
make the finished product, oxygen will be reported for information only.
by this specification shall be as specified in Table 2.
9.2 The width tolerances shall be as agreed upon between
the manufacturer and the purchaser. In general, shearing
tolerance will be 6 ⁄16 in. (61.6 mm) and slitting tolerance will
6.2 Heat Analysis:
be 6 ⁄32 in. (60.8 mm).
6.2.1 Heat analysis is an analysis made by the manufacturer
9.3 The length and camber tolerances shall be as agreed
of the metal on a representative sample of powder from a single
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. In general,
powder blend in the case of material made from pressed and
length and camber tolerances will show a maximum deviation
sintered powder billets, or on a representative sample of a cast
of + ⁄16 in., − 0/ft (1.6 mm/m) of length.
ingot or intermediate product from that ingot in the case of
9.4 Flatness tolerances on tungsten flat products shall be as
material made from cast ingot.
follows:
6.2.2 Chemical lot analysis shall be as specified in Table 1,
Thickness, in.(mm) Flatness Deviation,
with the exception of oxygen which shall be reported for
max,%
information only, and not be required to meet the requirements
0.005–0.187 (0.13–4.75) 4
of Table 1.
0.188–0.625 (4.75–15.9) 5
6.3 Check Analysis: 9.4.1 Determine flatness deviation (Fig. 1) as follows:
6.3.1 Check analysis is an analysis made by the purchaser or
Flatness deviation, % 5 ~H/L! 3 100
the manufacturer of the metal after it has been processed into
where:
finished mill forms, and is either for the purpose of verifying
the composition of a heat or lot, or to determine variations in H = maximum vertical distance between a flat reference
the composition within a heat or lot.
surface and the lower surface of the flat product, and
L = minimum horizontal distance between the highest point
6.3.2 Check analysis tolerances do not broaden the specified
heat analysis requirements but cover variations between labo- of the flat product where H is determined, and the point
of contact of the lower surface of the flat product with
ratories in the measurement of chemical content.
6.3.3 Check analysis limits shall be as specified in Table 1. a flat reference surface.
6.3.4 The manufacturer shall not ship materi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B760 − 07 (Reapproved 2013) B760 − 07 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Tungsten Plate, Sheet, and Foil
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B760; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers wrought unalloyed tungsten plate, sheet, and foil.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification: This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
3. Terminology
3.1 Lot Definitions:
3.1.1 ingot, n—no definition required.
3.1.2 A manufacturing lot shall consist of a material of the same size, shape, condition, and finish produced from the ingot or
powder blend by the same rolling reduction schedule and the same heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreed between
manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to the product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or to a single furnace
load for final batch anneal.
3.1.3 A chemical analysis lot shall consist of a single powder blend in the case of products manufactured from pressed and
sintered powder metallurgy shapes, or a single ingot in the case of products manufactured from ingot.
3.2 Product Forms:
3.2.1 foil, n—a flat product less than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in thickness.
3.2.2 plate, n—a flat product 0.188 in. (4.75 mm) or more in thickness.
3.2.3 sheet, n—a flat product from .005 in. (0.13 mm) to 0.187 in. (4.75 mm) in thickness.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:
4.1.1 Material identification and metallurigicalmetallurgical condition (Section 7),
4.1.2 Product form (Section 3),
4.1.3 Chemical requirements (Table 1),
4.1.4 Tolerances (Section 9, Table 2, and Fig. 1),
4.1.5 Workmanship and quality level requirements (Section 10),
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B10.04 on Molybdenum and Tungsten.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2019. Published May 2013November 2019. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
B760B760 – 07 (2013). – 07. DOI: 10.1520/B0760-07R13.10.1520/B0760-07R19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B760 − 07 (2019)
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition/Check Analysis
Composition, Permissible Variations in
Element
max, % Check Analysis, %
C 0.010 ±0.002
A
O 0.010 + 10 % relative
N 0.010 + 0.0005
Fe 0.010 + 0.001
Ni 0.010 + 0.001
Si 0.010 + 0.001
A
If chemical analysis is performed on a sample from the powder blend used to
make the finished product, oxygen will be reported for information only.
4.1.6 Packaging (Section 14),
4.1.7 Marking (Section 14),
4.1.8 Certification and reports (Section 13), and
4.1.9 Disposition of rejected material (Section 12).
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 The various tungsten flat products covered by this specification shall be formed with the conventional rolling, forging, or
extrusion equipment, normally found in primary ferrous and nonferrous plants.
5.2 The ingot metal is consolidated employing either the powder metallurgy or vacuum-arc-casting process.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The tungsten ingots or billets for conversion to finished products covered by this specification shall conform to the
requirements of the chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
6.2 Heat Analysis:
6.2.1 Heat analysis is an analysis made by the manufacturer of the metal on a representative sample of powder from a single
powder blend in the case of material made from pressed and sintered powder billets, or on a representative sample of a cast ingot
or intermediate product from that ingot in the case of material made from cast ingot.
6.2.2 Chemical lot analysis shall be as specified in Table 1, with the exception of oxygen which shall be reported for information
only, and not be required to meet the requirements of Table 1.
6.3 Check Analysis:
6.3.1 Check analysis is an analysis made by the purchaser or the manufacturer of the metal after it has been processed into
finished mill forms, and is either for the purpose of verifying the composition of a heat or lot, or to determine variations in the
composition within a heat or lot.
6.3.2 Check analysis tolerances do not broaden the specified heat analysis requirements but cover variations between
laboratories in the measurement of chemical content.
6.3.3 Check analysis limits shall be as specified in Table 1.
6.3.4 The manufacturer shall not ship material that is outside the limits specified in Table 1.
7. Metallurgical Condition
7.1 Plate, sheet and foil shall be furnished in one of the following conditions as designated on the purchase order:
Form Metallurgical Condition
Plate hot-rolled
hot-rolled, stress-relieved
Sheet hot-rolled
hot-rolled, stress-relieved
cold-rolled
cold-rolled, stress-relieved
Foil cold-rolled
cold-rolled, stress-relieved
7.2 Other conditions can be specified as agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer at the time of purchase.
8. Significance of Numerical Limits
8.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with the specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in the following
table, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding methods of Practice
E29.
B760 − 07 (2019)
TABLE 2 Permissible Thickness Variations
A
Specified Width, Specified Thickness, Thickness Tolerance,
in. (mm)
in. (mm) in. (mm)
12 (305) and under 0.005 to 0.010 (0.13–0.25) ±0.001 (±0.0254)
over 0.010 to 0.020 (0.25–0.51) ±0.002 (±0.051)
over 0.020 (0.51) ±10 %
Over 12 to 24 (305–610), over 0.010 to 0.025 (0.25–0.64) ±0.0025 (±0.064)
over 0.025 (0.64) ±10 %
A
Tolerances for foil
...
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