iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM E2749-23a

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens

Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice describes a procedure to gather data intended to measure the uniformity of exposure conditions upon test specimens for the fire test methods described in Test Methods E119, E814, E1529, E1725, E1966, and E2336. The collected data from furnaces are intended to form a basis for performance requirements for the furnaces described in the referenced standards.  
5.2 This practice does not include requirements for furnace performance.  
5.3 In this procedure, the standardized test specimen is subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this procedure to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire-test-exposure conditions described in this procedure.  
5.4 The attention of all persons connected with the conduct of this practice is drawn to the fact that fire testing is hazardous and that there is a possibility that harmful smoke and gases are developed during the test. There is also a possibility that mechanical and operational hazards develop during the construction of the test specimen and the disposal of the test residues. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health shall be made and safety precautions shall be identified and provided. Written safety instructions shall be issued. Appropriate training shall be provided to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel shall ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides general principles for measuring the uniformity of the furnace exposure on specimens tested in accordance with Test Methods E119, E814, E1529, E1725, E1966, and E2336.  
1.2 This practice specifies the materials and the construction requirements for a standardized test specimen used to provide a mounting surface for the instrumentation that measures furnace exposure.  
1.3 The instrumentation records temperatures, pressure differentials, and oxygen content near the exposed surface of the test specimen.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.6 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Nov-2023
ICS
13.220.50 - Fire-resistance of building materials and elements
Technical Committee
E05 - Fire Standards
Drafting Committee
E05.11 - Fire Resistance
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2749-23 - Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023
Refers
ASTM E176-24 - Standard Terminology of Fire Standards
Effective Date
01-Jan-2024
Referred By
ASTM E176-21ae1 - Standard Terminology of Fire Standards
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023

Buy Standard

ASTM E2749-23a - Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test SpecimensASTM E2749-23a - Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM E2749-23a - Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens
English language
10 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview
REDLINE ASTM E2749-23a - Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test SpecimensREDLINE ASTM E2749-23a - Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens
PreviousNext
Standard
REDLINE ASTM E2749-23a - Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens
English language
10 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2749 − 23a An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test
1
Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2749; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This standard provides general principles for measuring
the uniformity of the furnace exposure on specimens tested in
2. Referenced Documents
accordance with Test Methods E119, E814, E1529, E1725,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1966, and E2336.
C1396/C1396M Specification for Gypsum Board
1.2 This practice specifies the materials and the construction
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
requirements for a standardized test specimen used to provide
and Materials
a mounting surface for the instrumentation that measures
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
furnace exposure.
E814 Test Method for Fire Tests of Penetration Firestop
Systems
1.3 The instrumentation records temperatures, pressure
E1529 Test Methods for Determining Effects of Large Hy-
differentials, and oxygen content near the exposed surface of
drocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and Assem-
the test specimen.
blies
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
E1725 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Fire-Resistive Barrier
standard. The units given in parentheses are for information
Systems for Electrical System Components
only.
E1966 Test Method for Fire-Resistive Joint Systems
E2336 Test Methods for Fire Resistive Grease Duct Enclo-
1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and sure Systems
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk ISO 834-2 Fire resistance tests – Elements of building
assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under construction – Part 2: Guide on measuring uniformity of
actual fire conditions. furnace exposure on test samples
1.6 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
3. Terminology
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
conducting these tests.
practice, refer to Terminology E176.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.1 effective area of the furnace opening, n—furnace
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
opening within the boundaries of the monitoring instrumenta-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tion.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Summary of Practice
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1 This practice consists of preparing a standardized test
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
specimen to represent test specimens described in Test Meth-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ods E119, E814, E1529, E1725, E1966, and E2336. The
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.11 on Fire Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Resistance. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published January 2024. Originally Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as E2749 – 23. Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,
DOI:10.1520/E2749-23A. Switzerland, https://www.iso.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2749 − 23a
standardized test specimen provides a low cost, easily con-
structed supporting construction for the mounting of instru-
mentation that measures the exposure imposed by the furnace
onto test specimens.
4.2 The standardized test specimen consists of
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2749 − 23 E2749 − 23a An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test
1
Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2749; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard provides general principles for measuring the uniformity of the furnace exposure on specimens tested in
accordance with Test Methods E119, E814, E1529, E1725, E1966, and E2336.
1.2 This practice specifies the materials and the construction requirements for a standardized test specimen used to provide a
mounting surface for the instrumentation that measures furnace exposure.
1.3 The instrumentation records temperatures, pressure differentials, and oxygen content near the exposed surface of the test
specimen.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials,
products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.6 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these
tests.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1396/C1396M Specification for Gypsum Board
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.11 on Fire Resistance.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2023Dec. 1, 2023. Published October 2023January 2024. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 20192023 as
E2749 – 15a (2019).E2749 – 23. DOI:10.1520/E2749-23.DOI:10.1520/E2749-23A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2749 − 23a
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E814 Test Method for Fire Tests of Penetration Firestop Systems
E1529 Test Methods for Determining Effects of Large Hydrocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and Assemblies
E1725 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Fire-Resistive Barrier Systems for Electrical System Components
E1966 Test Method for Fire-Resistive Joint Systems
E2336 Test Methods for Fire Resistive Grease Duct Enclosure Systems
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 834-2 Fire resistance tests – Elements of building construction – Part 2: Guide on measuring uniformity of furnace exposure
on test samples
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology E176.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 effective area of the furnace opening, n—furnace opening within the boundaries of the monitoring instrumentation.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 This practice consists of preparing a standardized test specimen to represent test specimens described in Test Methods E119,
E814, E1529, E1725, E1966, and E2336. The standardized test specimen provides a low cost, easily constructed supporting
construction for the mounting of instrumentation that measures the exposure imposed by the furnace onto test specimens.
5
4.2 The standardized test specimen consists of two lay
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM E3202-24(Practice)
Standard Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Plastic Composites for Use as Deck Boards, Stair Treads, Guards or Handrails to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Plastic composite materials for use as deck boards, stair treads, guards or handrails are evaluated in accordance with Test Method E84 to comply with building or residential code requirements. This Practice describes specimen mounting procedures for such materials.  
5.2 The material to be tested shall be representative of the materials used in actual field installations.
Note 2: Test Method E84 assesses the comparative burning behavior of building materials. Thus, this practice addresses specimen preparation and mounting of materials at use thickness, with full width tunnel coverage.  
5.3 The limitations for this procedure are those associated with Test Method E84.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for specimen preparation and mounting when testing plastic composite materials for use as deck boards, stair treads, guards or handrails to assess flame spread index as a surface burning characteristic using Test Method E84.  
1.2 This practice applies to plastic composite materials, including plastic lumber and wood-plastic composites. The test specimens shall be self-supporting or held in place by added supports along the test surface, in accordance with Annex A4 of Test Method E84.  
1.3 This practice does not provide pass/fail criteria that can be used as a regulatory tool.  
1.4 This practice is applicable to (a) materials that are self-supporting and (b) materials that are not self-supporting but where the test specimen is held in place by added supports throughout the test duration without such severe sagging that it interferes with the effect of the gas flame on the test specimen.
Note 1: Paragraph 1.4 reflects requirements contained in plastic lumber specifications.  
1.5 Use the values stated in inch-pound units as the standard in referee decisions. The values in the SI system of units are given in parentheses, for information only; see IEEE/ASTM SI-10 for further details.  
1.6 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.  
1.7 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently hazardous and adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests. Fire testing involves hazardous materials, operations and equipment.  
1.8 This practice gives instructions on specimen preparation and mounting but the fire-test-response method shall be conducted in accordance with Test Method E84. See also Section 8 for information on operator safety.  
1.9 The text of this practice references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered requirements of the standard.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2837-23a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Fire Resistance of Continuity Head-of-Wall Joint Systems Installed Between Rated Wall Assemblies and Nonrated Horizontal Assemblies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the following under the specified test conditions:  
5.1.1 The ability of a test specimen to undergo movement without reducing its fire resistance rating, and  
5.1.2 The duration for which a test specimen will contain a fire and retain its integrity during a predetermined fire resistive test exposure.  
5.2 This test method provides for the following measurements and evaluations where applicable:  
5.2.1 Ability of the test specimen  to movement cycle.  
5.2.2 Ability of the test specimen  to prohibit the passage of flames and hot gases.  
5.2.3 Transmission of heat through the test specimen.  
5.2.4 Ability of the test specimen  to resist the passage of water during a hose stream test.  
5.3 This test method does not provide the following:  
5.3.1 Any information about the rated wall assembly because its performance has already been determined.  
5.3.2 Evaluation of the degree by which the test specimen contributes to the fire hazard by generation of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion.  
5.3.3 Measurement of the degree of control or limitation of the passage of smoke or products of combustion through the test specimen.  
5.3.4 Measurement of flame spread over the surface of the test specimen.
Note 3: The information in 5.3.1 – 5.3.4 may be determined by other suitable fire resistive test methods. For example, 5.3.4 may be determined by Test Method E84.  
5.4 In this procedure, the test specimens are subjected to one or more specific tests under laboratory conditions. When different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by, or from, this test method to predict changes to the characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the exposure conditions described in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test method measures the performance of a unique fire resistive joint system called a continuity head-of-wall joint system, which is designed to be used between a rated wall assembly and a nonrated horizontal assembly during a fire resistance test.  
1.2 This fire-test-response standard does not measure the performance of the rated wall assembly or the nonrated horizontal assembly.
Note 1: Typically, rated wall assemblies obtain a fire resistance rating after being tested to Test Method E119, UL 263, CAN/ULC-S101, or other similar fire resistance test methods.  
1.3 This fire-test-response standard is not intended to evaluate the connections between rated wall assemblies and nonrated horizontal assemblies  unless part of the continuity head-of-wall joint system.  
1.4 The fire resistive test end point is the period of time elapsing before the first performance criteria is reached when the continuity head-of-wall joint system is subjected to one of two time-temperature fire exposures.  
1.5 The fire exposure conditions used are either those specified by Test Method E119 for testing assemblies to standard time-temperature exposures or Test Method E1529 for testing assemblies to rapid-temperature rise fires.  
1.6 This test method specifies the heating conditions, methods of test, and criteria to establish a fire resistance rating only for a continuity head-of-wall joint system.  
1.7 Test results establish the performance of continuity head-of-wall joint systems to maintain continuity of fire resistance of the rated wall assembly where the continuity head-of-wall joint system interfaces with a nonrated horizontal assembly during the fire-exposure period.  
1.8 Test results shall not be construed as having determined the continuity head-of-wall joint system, nonrated horizontal assembly and the rated wall assembly’s suitability for use after that fire exposure.  
1.9 This test method does not provide quantitative information about the continuity head-of-wall joint system relative to the rate of leakage of smoke or gases or both. However, ...

  • Standard
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E84-23d(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is intended to provide only comparative measurements of surface flame spread and smoke density measurements with that of select grade red oak and fiber-cement board surfaces under the specific fire exposure conditions described herein.  
4.2 This test method exposes a nominal 24-ft (7.32 m) long by 20-in. (508 mm) wide specimen to a controlled air flow and flaming fire exposure adjusted to spread the flame along the entire length of the select grade red oak specimen in 5 1/2 min.  
4.3 This test method does not provide for the following:  
4.3.1 Measurement of heat transmission through the tested surface.  
4.3.2 The effect of aggravated flame spread behavior of an assembly resulting from the proximity of combustible walls and ceilings.  
4.3.3 Classifying or defining a material as noncombustible, by means of a flame spread index by itself.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard for the comparative surface burning behavior of building materials is applicable to exposed surfaces such as walls and ceilings. The test is conducted with the specimen in the ceiling position with the surface to be evaluated exposed face down to the ignition source. The material, product, or assembly shall be capable of being mounted in the test position during the test. Thus, the specimen shall either be self-supporting by its own structural quality, held in place by added supports along the test surface, or secured from the back side.  
1.2 Test Method E84 is a 10-min fire-test response method. The following standards address testing of materials in accordance with test methods that are applications or variations of the test method or apparatus used for Test Method E84:  
1.2.1 Materials required by the user to meet an extended 30-min duration tunnel test shall be tested in accordance with Test Method E2768.  
1.2.2 Wires and cables for use in air-handling spaces shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 262.  
1.2.3 Pneumatic tubing for control systems shall be tested in accordance with UL 1820.  
1.2.4 Combustible sprinkler piping shall be tested in accordance with UL 1887.  
1.2.5 Optical fiber and communications raceways for use in air handling spaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 2024.
Note 1: Annex A13 includes additional information describing a standard other than those listed in this section that also utilizes a modification of the apparatus used for Test Method E84.  
1.3 The purpose of this test method is to determine the relative burning behavior of the material by observing the flame spread along the specimen. Flame spread and smoke developed index are reported. However, there is not necessarily a relationship between these two measurements.  
1.4 The use of supporting materials on the underside of the test specimen has the ability to lower the flame spread index from those which might be obtained if the specimen could be tested without such support. These test results do not necessarily relate to indices obtained by testing materials without such support.  
1.5 Testing of materials that melt, drip, or delaminate to such a degree that the continuity of the flame front is destroyed, results in low flame spread indices that do not relate directly to indices obtained by testing materials that remain in place.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required f...

  • Standard
    29 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    29 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2874-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Fire-Test Response Characteristics of a Building Spandrel-Panel Assembly Due to External Spread of Fire

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides for the following measurements and evaluations:  
5.1.1 Ability of the spandrel-panel assembly to resist the passage of flames or hot gases sufficient to ignite a cotton pad, or be visible to an observer.  
5.1.2 Transmission of heat through, and above, the spandrel-panel assembly using heat flux and unexposed surface temperature measurements.  
5.2 This test method does not provide the following:  
5.2.1 This test method does not evaluate the fire propagation characteristics of exterior nonload-bearing wall assemblies containing combustible components, or flame spread over the test assembly.  
5.2.2 This test method does not evaluate the fire-test-response characteristics of the perimeter joint protection between the floor assembly and the exterior wall assembly. This is covered in Test Method E2307.  
5.2.3 Evaluation of the degree to which the spandrel-panel assembly contributes to the fire hazard by generation of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion,  
5.2.4 Measurement of the degree of control or limitation of the passage of smoke or products of combustion through the spandrel-panel assembly,  
5.2.5 Measurement of flame spread over the surface of the spandrel-panel assembly or exterior wall assembly,  
5.2.6 Durability of the test specimen under actual service conditions, including the effects of cycled temperature,  
5.2.7 Effects of loads (for example, wind, seismic, etc.) on the spandrel-panel assembly established by this test method,  
5.2.8 Movement capabilities of the test specimen,  
5.2.9 Other attributes of the test specimen, such as wear resistance, chemical resistance, air infiltration, water-tightness, and so forth, and  
5.2.10 Lateral spread of flame from the compartment of fire origin to adjacent spaces.  
5.3 In this test method, the test specimens are subjected to one or more specific test conditions. When different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed,...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the fire-test response characteristics of a spandrel-panel assembly spanning the intersection of a floor assembly.  
1.2 This test method is used to assess the spandrel-panel assembly’s ability to impede spread of fire to the interior of the room or the story immediately above it via fire spread from the exterior of a building, and provide a quantitative measure of the fire hazard in terms of an I-Rating, T-Rating, and F-Rating from a specified set of fire conditions involving specific materials, products, or assemblies.  
1.3 This test evaluates the performance of the portions of the exterior wall installed between vertically adjacent window openings in multi-story buildings.  
1.4 This test method addresses the potential for fire spread to a single story immediately above the room of fire origin.  
1.5 The test method simulates a fire in a post-flashover condition in a compartment that is venting to the exterior through a window opening.  
1.6 The fire exposure conditions within the test room are those specified by this test method for the first 30 min of exposure and then conform to Test Methods E119 time-temperature curve for the remainder of the test. The fire exposure on the exterior surface of the test specimen comprises both the exposure from the fire plume exiting the window opening of the test room and the exterior burner, although the fire exposure on the exterior surface of the test assembly is not equivalent to that of Test Methods E119.  
1.7 This test method specifies the heating conditions, methods of test, and criteria for evaluation of a building’s spandrel-panel assembly. Specimens are not tested using any super-imposed axial load.  
1.8 Test results establish the performance of the spandrel-panel assembly during the fire-exposure period and shall not be construed as having determined the suitability of a spandrel-panel assembly for use after that exposure.  
1.9 ...

  • Standard
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E814-23a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Penetration Firestop Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine the performance of a firestop system with respect to exposure to a standard time-temperature fire test and a hose stream test. The performance of a firestop system is dependent upon the specific assembly of materials tested including the number, type, and size of penetrations and the floors or walls in which it is installed.  
5.2 Two ratings shall be established for each firestop system. An F rating shall be based upon flame occurrence on the unexposed surface, while the T rating shall be based upon the temperature rise as well as flame occurrence on the unexposed side of the firestop system. These ratings, together with detailed performance data such as the location of through-openings and temperatures of penetrating items are intended to be one factor in assessing performance of firestop systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to firestop systems of various materials and construction. Firestop systems are intended for use in openings in fire-resistive walls and floors that are evaluated in accordance with Test Methods E119.  
1.2 Tests conducted in conformance with this test method record firestop system performance during the test exposure; but such tests shall not be construed to determine suitability of the firestop system for use after test exposure.  
1.3 This test method also measures the resistance of firestop systems to an external force stimulated by a hose stream. However, this test method shall not be construed as determining the performance of the firestop system during actual fire conditions when subjected to forces such as failure of cable support systems and falling debris.  
1.4 The intent of this test method is to develop data to assist others in determining the suitability of the firestops for use where fire resistance is required.  
1.5 This test method does not apply to membrane penetrations of a floor-ceiling assembly or roof-ceiling assembly that are tested as part of the assembly in accordance with Test Methods E119.  
1.6 This test method does not apply to membrane penetrations of load-bearing walls.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered requirements of the standard.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E3367-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Combustion Behavior of Layered Assemblies using a Cone Calorimeter

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Flammable liquid products can be generated by either pyrolysis or melting of polymers. Materials that generate flammable liquid products include thermoplastic polymers (for example, polyolefins) and thermosetting polymers (for example, polyurea and flexible polyurethane), which degrade to yield, in part, liquid pyrolyzates when pyrolyzing. Such liquid material can accumulate underneath a burning item and eventually ignite to form a pool fire, generally leading to a sharp increase in heat release rate and increase in fire hazard.  
5.2 Fire barriers are able to hinder the formation of a pool fire by delaying the generation and the release of flammable liquid products.  
5.3 This test method is intended to simulate the combustion of a central (that is, away from the edges) cross-section of a single material or a multi-layered product with ignition occurring on the top surface of the specimen.  
5.4 The test method is designed to assess whether liquid products are released during the test and the time at which they are released.  
5.5 The test method is designed to assess whether dripping occurs during the test and the time at which it occurs.  
5.6 The test method is designed to assess whether bottom ignition occurs during the test and the time at which it occurs.  
5.7 The test method is designed to assess whether pool ignition occurs during the test and the time at which it occurs.  
5.8 The test method is designed to assess whether burn-through occurs during the test and the time at which it occurs.  
5.9 The test measures heat release rate, mass loss rate and the resulting smoke obscuration as a result of exposing the specimen to a radiant heat source.  
5.10 The test method assesses whether the components of the specimen under examination demonstrates any of the following behaviors: breaking open, charring, appearance of superficial cracks without complete separation of the parts, melting, or shrinkage.  
5.11 The test method does not assess flame s...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a means to measure the response of materials, products or layered assemblies when exposed to controlled levels of radiant heating, with or without an external ignitor.  
1.2 This test method provides an alternative test configuration to Test Method E1354 to measure the ignitability, heat release rate (including peak heat release rate and total heat released), mass loss rate, effective heat of combustion and visible smoke development.  
1.3 Compared to Test Method E1354, this test method adds the ability to measure the time at which the following phenomena occur: (1) appearance of liquid products (generated by either melting or pyrolysis of the specimen) underneath the sample, dripping and generation of a liquid pool underneath the specimen, (2) flaming over the bottom surface of the specimen and liquid pool, and; (3) burn-through.  
1.4 This test method is not intended to measure the response of products comprised of noncombustible cores.  
1.5 The top side of the specimens shall be exposed to an initial test heat flux of 0 kW/m2 to 75 kW/m2. External ignition, if any, shall be by electric spark.  
1.6 This test method has been developed for use to evaluate the fire test response characteristics of materials, products or layered assemblies. It is potentially useful for mathematical modeling, material or product design purposes, and research and development.  
1.7 This test method is used to measure and describe the response of assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of an end-use product under actual fire conditions.  
1.8 This test method is used to measure the effect of fire barriers on the burning behavior of materials, products or layered assemblies to a range of radiant heat intensities but does not account for all factors that affect the performance of fire barriers at ...

  • Standard
    25 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2750-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Extension of Data from Penetration Firestop System Tests Conducted in Accordance with ASTM E814

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The methods and procedures set forth in this guide relate to the extension of the fire test results to firestop systems that have not been tested.  
4.2 Users of this guide must have knowledge and understanding of the provisions of Test Methods E119 and Test Method E814 including those pertaining to conditions of acceptance.  
4.3 In order to apply some of the principles described in this guide, reference to the original fire test report will be necessary.  
4.4 In Test Method E814, the specimens are subjected to specific laboratory fire test exposure conditions. Differences between the tested assembly and the as-built assembly impact the fire-test-response characteristics. Substitution of different test conditions also impacts the fire-test-response characteristics.  
4.5 The extension of data is valid only for the fire test exposure described in Test Method E814.  
4.6 This guide shall not be used to extrapolate the fire resistance rating to a higher value.  
4.7 Limitations:  
4.7.1 The extension of fire resistance data is to be used only for changes to the tested specimen that fall within normal and reasonable limits of accepted construction practices.  
4.7.2 Conclusions derived from using this guide are valid only if the identified change is the only change in the construction or properties of the components.  
4.7.3 Evaluation of changes to the fire-resistive assembly in which the firestop is installed is governed by the Extension of Data principles in Practice E2032.  
4.8 The statements in this guide are based on a single change to a system.
Note 2: It is possible that multiple changes have a different cumulative effect than that of individual changes evaluated separately. The principles contained herein may provide useful information for the application of sound engineering principles to evaluate the effect of multiple differences between tested and installed firestops.  
4.9 Extensions of data using this document shall be done by individ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the extension of results obtained from fire tests performed in accordance with Test Method E814 to applications that have not been tested. Test Method E814 evaluates the duration for which test specimens will contain a fire, retain their integrity, or both during a predetermined fire test exposure. Firestops are intended for use in fire-resistive walls and floors that are evaluated in conformance with Test Methods E119.
Note 1: Data obtained from firestops tested in accordance with Test Methods E119 with positive pressure can also be used.  
1.2 This guide is based on principles involving the extension of test data using simple considerations. The acceptance of these principles and their application is based substantially on an analogous worst-case proposition.  
1.3 These principles are only applicable to temperature conditions represented by the standard time-temperature curve described in Test Method E814, for systems falling within the scope of Test Method E814. This test method is a fire-test-response standard.  
1.4 The types of building constructions which are part of this guide are as follows: floors, walls, partitions, floor/ceiling and roof/ceiling assemblies.  
1.5 This guide applies to:  
1.5.1 a single penetrating item, or  
1.5.2 multiple penetrating items.  
1.6 This guide does not apply to joints systems tested to Test Methods E119, E1966, E2307, and E2837.  
1.7 Penetrating items can be one of the following: metallic pipe, non-metallic pipe, metallic tubing, non-metallic tubing, metallic conduit, non-metallic conduit, flexible metal conduit, cables, cable trays, bus ducts, insulated pipes, insulated tubing, insulated conduit, insulated and non-insulated ducts, and structural members.    
Metallic pipe, tubing or conduit  
6.7  
Insulated pipe, tubing or conduit  
6.8  
Non-metallic pipe, tubing or conduit  
6.9 and 6.10  
Flexible metal conduit  
6.11.1.4 and 6....

  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E603-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Room Fire Experiments

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides assistance for planning room fire tests. The object of each experiment is to evaluate the role of a material, product, or system in the fire growth within one or more compartments.  
5.2 The relationship between laboratory fire test methods and actual room fires can be investigated by the use of full-scale and reduced-scale experiments. This guide is aimed at establishing a basis for conducting full-scale experiments for the study of room fire growth.  
5.3 Room fire tests can be placed into four main categories: reconstruction, simulation, research and standardization.  
5.3.1 Reconstruction room fire tests are full scale replicates of a fire scene with the geometry, materials, contents, and ignition source intended to duplicate a particular scenario. The usual purpose of such a test is to evaluate what happened or what might happen in such a scenario.  
5.3.2 Simulation room fire tests are comparable to reconstruction fire tests, except that not all of the parameters are duplicated. A simulated fire test is one in which one or more components of a fire scenario are altered, usually in order to facilitate conducting the test. The compartment design must carefully address geometry and materials of construction to ensure that they do not significantly alter the fire response. Reconstruction and simulation fire tests often have a distinctive objective, such as time to flashover, that is related to the nature of the original fire scene.  
5.3.3 Research room fire tests are conducted in order to elucidate the effects of one or more of the following: geometry, materials, placement of items, ventilation, or other parameters. The measured effects (such as room temperature, heat flux, heat release rate, time to flashover, post flashover conditions) are chosen to provide the most useful information.  
5.3.4 Standardization room fire tests include scenarios that have been adopted by a standardization body. In this case, the compartment, ignition...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide addresses means of conducting full-scale fire experiments that evaluate the fire-test-response characteristics of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.2 It is intended as a guide for the design of the experiment and for the use and interpretation of its results. The guide is also useful for establishing laboratory conditions that simulate a given set of fire conditions to the greatest extent possible.  
1.3 This guide allows users to obtain fire-test-response characteristics of materials, products, or assemblies, which are useful data for describing or appraising their fire performance under actual fire conditions.  
1.3.1 The results of experiments conducted in accordance with this guide are also useful elements for making regulatory decisions regarding fire safety requirements. The use for regulatory purposes of data obtained from experiments conducted using this guide requires that certain conditions and criteria be specified by the regulating authority.  
1.4 The rationale for conducting room fire experiments in accordance with this guide is shown in 1.5 – 1.8.  
1.5 Room fire experiments are a means of generating input data for computer fire models and for providing output data with which to compare modeling results.  
1.6 One of the major reasons for conducting room fire experiments is as an experimental means of assessing the potential fire hazard associated with the use of a material or product in a particular application. This should be borne in mind when designing nonstandard experiments.  
1.7 A rationale for conducting room fire experiments is the case when smaller-scale fire tests inadequately represent end-use applications.  
1.8 A further rationale for conducting room fire experiments is to verify the results obtained with smaller scale tests, to understand the scaling parameters for such tests.  
1.9 Room fire tests can be placed into four main cate...

  • Guide
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1623-22a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used primarily to determine the heat release rate of materials, products, and assemblies. Other parameters are the effective heat of combustion, mass loss rate, the time to ignition, smoke and gas production, emissivity, and surface temperature. Examples of test specimens are assemblies of materials or products that are tested in their end-use thickness. Therefore, the test method is suitable for assessing the heat release rate of a wall assembly.  
5.2 Representative joints and other characteristics of an assembly shall be included in a specimen when these details are part of normal design.  
5.3 This test method is applicable to end-use products not having an ideally planar external surface. The heat flux shall be adjusted to be that which is desired at the average distance of the surface from the radiant panel.  
5.4 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this test to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.  
5.5 Test Limitations:  
5.5.1 The test results have limited validity if: (a) the specimen melts sufficiently to overflow the drip tray, or (b) explosive spalling occurs.  
5.5.2 Exercise caution in interpreting results of specimens that sag, deform, or delaminate during a test. Report observations of such behavior.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard assesses the response of materials, products, and assemblies to controlled levels of radiant heat exposure with or without an external ignitor.  
1.2 The fire-test-response characteristics determined by this test method include the ignitability, heat release rates, mass loss rates, visible smoke development, and gas release of materials, products, and assemblies under well ventilated conditions.  
1.3 This test method is also suitable for determining many of the parameters or values needed as input for computer fire models. Examples of these values include effective heat of combustion, surface temperature, ignition temperature, and emissivity.  
1.4 This test method is also intended to provide information about other fire parameters such as thermal conductivity, specific heat, radiative and convective heat transfer coefficients, flame radiation factor, air entrainment rates, flame temperatures, minimum surface temperatures for upward and downward flame spread, heat of gasification, nondimensional heat of gasification (1)2 and the Φ flame spread parameter (see Test Method E1321). While some studies have indicated that this test method is suitable for determining these fire parameters, insufficient testing and research have been done to justify inclusion of the corresponding testing and calculating procedures.  
1.5 The heat release rate is determined by the principle of oxygen consumption calorimetry, via measurement of the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygen concentration and flow rate in the exhaust product stream (exhaust duct). The procedure is specified in 11.1. Smoke development is quantified by measuring the obscuration of light by the combustion product stream (exhaust duct).  
1.6 Specimens are exposed to a constant heat flux in the range of 0 to 50 kW/m2  in a vertical orientation. Hot wires are used to ignite the combustible vapors from the specimen during the ignition and heat release tests. The assessment of the parameters associated with flame spread requires the use of line burners instead of hot wire ignitors.  
1.6.1 Heat release measurements at low heat flux levels (2) require special considerations as described in Section A1.1.6.  
1.7 This test method has been developed for evaluations, design, or research and development of materials, products, or...

  • Standard
    24 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    24 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2652-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Assessing Combustibility of Materials Using a Tube Furnace with a Cone-shaped Airflow Stabilizer, at 750 °C

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 While actual building fire exposure conditions are not duplicated, this test method will assist in indicating those materials which do not act to aid combustion or add appreciable heat to an ambient fire.  
5.2 This test method does not apply to laminated or coated materials.  
5.3 This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 1182.  
5.4 When appropriate pass/fail criteria are applied, materials that are reported as passing this test by complying with those criteria (such as the ones in Appendix X2) are typically classified as noncombustible materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test method covers the determination under specified laboratory conditions of the combustibility of building materials. Under certain conditions, with the appropriate pass/fail criteria, the results from this test are used to classify materials as noncombustible materials.  
1.2 Limitations of this fire-test response test method are shown below.  
1.2.1 This test method does not apply to laminated or coated materials.  
1.2.2 This test method is not suitable or satisfactory for materials that soften, flow, melt, intumesce or otherwise separate from the measuring thermocouple.  
1.2.3 This test method does not provide a measure of an intrinsic property.  
1.2.4 This test method does not provide a quantitative measure of heat generation or combustibility; it simply serves as a test method with selected (end point) measures of combustibility.  
1.2.5 This test method does not measure the self-heating tendencies of materials.  
1.2.6 In this test method materials are not being tested in the nature and form used in building aplications. The test specimen consists of a small, specified volume that is either (1) cut from a thick sheet; (2) assembled from multiple thicknesses of thin sheets; or (3) placed in a container if composed of grarnular powder or loose fiber materials.  
1.2.7 Results from this test method apply to the specific test apparatus and test conditions and are likely to vary when changes are made to one or more of the following: (1) the size, shape, and arrangement of the specimen; (2)  the distribution of organice content; (3) the exposure temperature; (4) the air supply; (5) the location of thermocouples.  
1.3 This test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 1182:2010 (see also Annex A2 and 6.4.5).
Note 1: While developed as technically equivalent to ISO 1182:2010, a change implemented in ISO 1182:2020 added a second furnace thermocouple to that standard, while this test method continues to use one furnace thermocouple.  
1.6 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Orga...

  • Standard
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off