ASTM C1023-87(1999)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Labeling Ceramic Art Materials for Chronic Adverse Health Hazards (Withdrawn 2008)
Standard Practice for Labeling Ceramic Art Materials for Chronic Adverse Health Hazards (Withdrawn 2008)
ABSTRACT
This practice describes a procedure for developing precautionary labels for ceramic art materials and provides hazard and precautionary statements concerning chronic adverse health hazards known to be associated with a product or product component(s), when the component(s) is present in a physical form, volume, or concentration that in the opinion of a toxicologist has the potential to produce a chronic adverse health effect(s). Precautionary labels covered by this practice are intended for adult usage and does not assure completely the safe use of an art product. This practice does not specify test methods for determining whether a substance or product presents chronic adverse health hazards and does not apply to products appropriately labeled for known chronic adverse health hazards according to chemical substances labeling standards and practices, such as another national consensus standard, existing labeling statutes, regulations, or guidelines. Requirements for the conformance to this practice are given. Determination of labeling and labeling practices such as, signal word, list of potential chronic hazards, name of chronic hazard components, safe handling, instructions, list of sensitizing components, combined statements, information sources, and supplement information are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for developing precautionary labels for ceramic art materials and provides hazard and precautionary statements based upon knowledge that exists in the scientific and medical communities. This practice concerns those chronic adverse health hazards known to be associated with a product or product component(s), when the component(s) is present in a physical form, volume, or concentration that in the opinion of a toxicologist has the potential to produce a chronic adverse health effect(s).
1.2 This practice is intended to apply exclusively to ceramic art materials which are packaged in sizes intended for use by artists or crafts people, either individually, or in a small group or class.
1.3 This practice applies to developing precautionary labeling for ceramic art materials intended for adult usage. Conformance to this practice does not imply that ceramic art materials will necessarily be labeled adequately or safe for use by children. Labeling determinations should consider reasonably foreseeable use or misuse by children and include as appropriate, in such instances, warnings to keep out of reach, or other specific precautionary statements. The responsibility for precautionary labeling rests with the ceramic producer or repackager who markets the material for art or craft use.
1.4 This practice does not specify test methods for determining whether a substance or product presents chronic adverse health hazards.
1.5 This practice does not apply to products appropriately labeled for known chronic adverse health hazards according to chemical substances labeling standards and practices, such as another national consensus standard, existing labeling statutes, regulations, or guidelines.
1.6 Since knowledge about chronic adverse health hazards is incomplete and warning cannot cover all uses of any product, it is not possible for precautionary labeling to assure completely safe use of an art product.
1.7 Manufacturers or repackagers may wish to determine individually or collectively precautionary labeling for ceramic art materials in accordance with this practice. Compliance may be certified by a certifying organization. Guidelines for a certifying organization are given in Appendix X1.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This practice describes a procedure for developing precautionary labels for cera...
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:C1023–87(Reapproved 1999)
Standard Practice for
Labeling Ceramic Art Materials for Chronic Adverse Health
Hazards
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Uninformed or careless use of some ceramic art material products can give rise to health hazards,
either acute or chronic, or both. Specific and readily available warnings are needed to help protect
users. One way to disseminate such information is to provide appropriate precautionary labeling on
ceramic art material products.
Labeling for acute health hazards, including those associated with ceramic art materials, are
presently being addressed by such requirements as the U.S. Consumer Product SafetyAct, the Federal
Hazardous SubstancesAct, and the like.There are presently no specific national standards for labeling
ceramic art materials with respect to chronic adverse health hazards.
This practice is intended to provide a standard for developing precautionary labels concerning
chronic adverse health hazards related to the use of ceramic art materials. It is further intended to have
the adaptability necessary to keep labels current with existing scientific and medical knowledge, as
well as in conformity with other precautionary labeling requirements, both acute and chronic, thereby
avoiding unnecessary confusion by users with respect to other precautionary labeling.
1. Scope by children. Labeling determinations should consider reason-
ably foreseeable use or misuse by children and include as
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for developing
appropriate, in such instances, warnings to keep out of reach,
precautionary labels for ceramic art materials and provides
or other specific precautionary statements. The responsibility
hazard and precautionary statements based upon knowledge
for precautionary labeling rests with the ceramic producer or
that exists in the scientific and medical communities. This
repackager who markets the material for art or craft use.
practice concerns those chronic adverse health hazards known
1.4 This practice does not specify test methods for deter-
to be associated with a product or product component(s), when
mining whether a substance or product presents chronic
the component(s) is present in a physical form, volume, or
adverse health hazards.
concentration that in the opinion of a toxicologist has the
1.5 This practice does not apply to products appropriately
potential to produce a chronic adverse health effect(s).
labeled for known chronic adverse health hazards according to
1.2 This practice is intended to apply exclusively to ceramic
chemical substances labeling standards and practices, such as
art materials which are packaged in sizes intended for use by
another national consensus standard, existing labeling statutes,
artists or crafts people, either individually, or in a small group
regulations, or guidelines.
or class.
1.6 Since knowledge about chronic adverse health hazards
1.3 This practice applies to developing precautionary label-
is incomplete and warning cannot cover all uses of any
ing for ceramic art materials intended for adult usage. Con-
product, it is not possible for precautionary labeling to assure
formance to this practice does not imply that ceramic art
completely safe use of an art product.
materials will necessarily be labeled adequately or safe for use
1.7 Manufacturers or repackagers may wish to determine
individually or collectively precautionary labeling for ceramic
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-21 on Ceramic
art materials in accordance with this practice. Compliance may
Whitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
be certified by a certifying organization. Guidelines for a
C21.08on Environmental, Health, and Safety Issues.
certifying organization are given in Appendix X1.
Current edition approved Sept. 25, 1987. Published November 1987. Originally
published as ES 6 – 83. Last previous edition C 1023 – 87 (1992).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C1023
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3. Requirements
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 To conform to this voluntary practice, the ceramic
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
producer or repackager of ceramic art materials shall submit
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ceramic art material product formulation(s) or reformulation(s)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to a toxicologist for review, such review to be in accordance
with Section 4 of this practice. The toxicologist shall be
2. Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard
required to keep product formulation(s) confidential.
2.1 analytical laboratory—a laboratory having personnel
3.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the ceramic
and apparatus capable of performing quantitative or qualitative
producer or repackager, no one other than the toxicologist shall
analysis of ceramic art materials, which may yield information
have access to the formulation(s); except that the toxicologist
that is used by a toxicologist for evaluation of potentially
shall furnish a patient’s physician, on a confidential basis, the
hazardous materials.
information necessary to diagnose or treat cases of exposure or
2.2 artists or crafts people—individuals who create, or
accidental ingestion.
recreate in a limited number, largely by hand, works that may
3.2 To conform to this practice, the ceramic producer or
or may not have a practical use, but in which aesthetic
repackager, upon advice given by a toxicologist in accordance
considerations are paramount.
with Section 4 of this practice, shall adopt precautionary
2.3 bioavailability—the extent to which a substance can be
labelinginaccordancewithSection5ofthispracticeandbased
absorbed in a biologically active form.
upon generally accepted, well-established evidence that a
2.4 ceramic art material or ceramic art material product—
component substance(s) is known to cause chronic adverse
any raw or processed material, or manufactured product,
health effects.
marketed or represented by a ceramic producer or repackager
3.3 To conform to this practice, labeling shall be parallel to,
as intended for and suitable for use in a fired product produced
conform to, and minimally include any labeling practices
by artists or crafts people.
prescribed by U.S. federal and state statutes or regulations and
2.5 ceramic producer—the person or entity who manufac-
shall not diminish the effect of required acute toxicity warn-
tures, processes, or imports a ceramic art material.
ings.
2.6 chronic adverse health effect(s)—a persistent toxic ef-
3.4 To conform to this practice, the ceramic producer or
fect(s) that develops over time from a single, prolonged, or
repackager shall supply a poison exposure management infor-
repeated exposure to a substance which can, in humans, cause
mation source, the generic formulation information required
sterility, birth defects, harm to a developing fetus or to a
for dissemination to poison control centers or provide a 24-h
nursing infant, cancer, allergic sensitization, damage to the
cost-free number to poison control centers.
nervous system, or a persistent adverse effect to any other
3.5 To conform to this practice, the ceramic producer or
organ system.
repackager shall have a toxicologist review as necessary, but at
2.7 chronic adverse health hazard(s)—hereafter referred to
least every five years, ceramic art material product formula-
as “chronic hazard”—a health risk to humans, resultant from
tion(s) and associated label(s) based upon the then current,
exposure to a substance that may cause a chronic adverse
generally accepted, well-established scientific knowledge.
health effect.
2.8 label—a display of written, printed, or graphic matter
4. Determination of Labeling
upon the immediate container of any ceramic art material
4.1 A ceramic art material is considered to have the poten-
product.Whentheproductisunpackaged,orisnotpackagedin
tial for producing chronic adverse health effects if any custom-
an immediate container intended or suitable for delivery to
ary or reasonably foreseeable use can result in a chronic
artistsorcraftspeople,thelabelcanbeadisplayofsuchmatter
hazard.
directly upon the ceramic art material or upon a tag or other
4.2 In making his determination a toxicologist(s) shall take
suitable labeling device attached to the ceramic art material.
into account the following:
2.9 repackager—the person or entity who obtains materials
4.2.1 Current chemical composition of the ceramic art
from ceramic producers and, without making changes in such
material, supplied by an analytical laboratory or by an indus-
materials, puts them in containers intended for sale as ceramic
trial chemist on behalf of a manufacturer or repackager.
art materials to artists or crafts people.
4.2.2 Current generally accepted, well-established scientific
2.10 sensitizer—asubstancethatisknowntocause,through
knowledge of the chronic toxic potential of each component(s)
an allergic process, a chronic adverse health effect which
and the total formulation.
becomes evident in a significant number of people on re-
4.2.3 Specific physical and chemical form of the ceramic art
exposure to the same substance.
material product, bioavailability, concentration, and the
2.11 toxic—applies to any substance that is likely to pro-
amount of each potential chronic toxic component found in the
duce personal injury or illness to humans through ingestion,
formulation.
inhalation, or skin contact.
2.12 toxicologist—an individual who through education,
training and experience has expertise in the field of toxicology,
as it relates to human exposure, and is either a toxicologist or
Two of the larger poison control centers are: The Rocky Mountain Poison
physician certified by a nationally recognized certification
Control Center, W. 8th and Cherokee, Denver, CO 80204; and the National Poison
board. Control Center Network, 125 De Soto St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
C1023
4.2.4 Reasonably foreseeable uses of the ceramic art mate- 5.3 Name of Chronic Hazardous Component(s)—All com-
rial product as determined by consultation with users and other ponents and known decomposition products of the formulation
individuals, who are experienced in use of the material(s), such
with a potential for chronic hazards, as determined under the
as teachers, or by market studies, unless such use information procedures of Section 4, shall be listed prominently. Generi-
has previously been determined with respect to the specific
cally equivalent names may be used.
ceramic art material(s) under review.
5.4 Safe Handling Instructions—Appropriate precautionary
4.2.5 Potential for known synergism and antagonism of the
statements as to work practices, personal protection, and
various components of the formulation.
ventilation requirements shall be used substantially conform-
4.2.6 Potential chronic adverse health effects of decompo-
ing with those listed in Annex A2 of this practice.
sition or combustion products, if known, from any reasonably
5.5 List of Sensitizing Components—To protect artists or
foreseeable use of the hazardous ceramic art material product,
crafts people from known sensitizers found within ceramic art
and
materials, each label shall contain a list of those sensitizers
4.2.7 Opinions of various medical, regulatory, and scientific
present in sufficient amounts to contribute significantly to a
bodies on the potential for chronic adverse health effects of
known skin or respiratory sensitization.
the various components of the formulation.
5.6 Combined Statements—If a ceramic art material con-
4.3 Basedupontheconclusionreachedinconformancewith
tains more than one component capable of causing a chronic
review determinations set forth herein the toxicologist(s) shall
adverse health effect, or if a single chemical can cause several
recommendprecautionarylabelingconsistentwithSection5of
different chronic adverse effects, the potential effects may be
this practice.
combined into one statement.
5. Labeling Practices
5.7 Information Sources—The precautionary label shall
5.1 Signal Word:
contain a statement identifying a source for additional health
5.1.1 Whenasignalwordforanacutehazard(s)ismandated
information substantially in conformance with one of the
and a chronic hazard(s) exists, the signal word shall be that for
phrases listed below:
the acute hazard.
FOR MORE HEALTH INFORMATION—(24-HOUR COST
5.1.2 When only a chronic hazard(s) exists, the signal word
FREE NUMBER).
WARNING shall be used.
CONTACT A PHYSICIAN FOR MORE HEALTH INFOR-
5.1.3 Thesignalwordshallbeprominentlyvisibleandsetin
MATION.
bold capitals in a size equal to or greater than the statement of
CALL YOUR LOCAL POISON CONTROL CENTER FOR
potential chronic hazards.
MORE HEALTH INFORMATION.
5.2 List of Potential Chronic Hazards—Potential chronic
5.8 Supplemental Information—Where appropriate, more
hazards, as determined under the procedures of Section 4, shall
detailed technical information that relates to chronic hazard(s),
be stated substantially in accordance with the statements listed
such as physical properties, decomposition products, detailed
in Annex A1 of this practice. Potential chronic hazards noted
safety instructions or disposal recommendations, shall be
shall be those that are clinically significant and that might be
included in supplemental documents, such as Material Safety
expected with any reasonably foreseeable use of the ceramic
Data Sheets, technical brochures, technical data sheets, and the
art material. The hazards should be grouped in the order of
like.
relative descending severity.
6. Keywords
Such as: International Agency for Research on Cancer, National Cancer
6.1 ceramic art materials; chronic adverse health hazards;
Institute, World Health Organization, American Lung Association, and the Interna-
tional Lead Zinc Research Organization. labeling
ANNEXES
(Mandatory Information)
A1. CHRONIC ADVERSE HAZARD STATEMENTS
May cause sterility. Cancer agent based on tests with laboratory animals.
May be harmful by breathing vapors/dust. Possiblecanceragentbasedontestswithlaboratoryanimals.
May be harmful if swallowed.
May produce allergic reaction by ingestion/inhalation
...
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