ASTM D2158-16ae1

Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Control over the residue content (required by Specification D1835) is of considerable importance in end-use applications of LPG. In liquid feed systems, residues can lead to troublesome deposits and, in vapor withdrawal systems, residues that are carried over can foul regulating equipment. Residues that remain in vapor-withdrawal systems will accumulate, can be corrosive, and will contaminate subsequent product. Water, particularly if alkaline, can cause failure of regulating equipment and corrosion of metals.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of extraneous materials weathering above 38 °C that are present in liquefied petroleum gases. The extraneous materials will generally be dissolved in the LPG, but may have phase-separated in some instances.  
1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain certain anti-icing additives can give erroneous results by this test method.  
1.3 Although this test method has been used to verify cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for many years, it might not be sensitive enough to protect some equipment from operational problems or increased maintenance. A more sensitive test, able to detect lower levels of dissolved contaminants, could be required for some applications.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2016
• ICS: 75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.H0 - Liquefied Petroleum Gas

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:D2158 −16a
Standard Test Method for
1
Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—The IP designation was removed editorially in February 2018.
1. Scope* mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofextraneous
materials weathering above 38°C that are present in liquefied
2. Referenced Documents
petroleum gases. The extraneous materials will generally be
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dissolved in the LPG, but may have phase-separated in some
D96Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by
instances.
3
Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure) (Withdrawn 2000)
1.2 Liquefiedpetroleumgasesthatcontaincertainanti-icing
D1796Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
additives can give erroneous results by this test method.
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
D1835Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
1.3 Although this test method has been used to verify
E1137SpecificationforIndustrialPlatinumResistanceTher-
cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for
mometers
many years, it might not be sensitive enough to protect some
E2251Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
equipment from operational problems or increased mainte-
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
nance. A more sensitive test, able to detect lower levels of
E2877Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers
dissolved contaminants, could be required for some applica-
tions.
3. Terminology
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.1 oil stain observation, n—the volume of solvent-
standard.
residue mixture required to yield an oil stain or ring that
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
persists for 2min under specified conditions on absorbent
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the paper.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 residue, n—the volume, measured to the nearest
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
0.05mL,oftheresidualmaterialboilingabove38°Cresulting
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
from the evaporation of 100mL of sample under the specified
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
conditions of this test method.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.3 solvent-residue mixture, n—a mixture (solution) of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
10mL of solvent with any residue remaining in the centrifuge
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tube at the conclusion of the first step in this test method.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2016. Published January 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D2158–16. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D2158-16AE01. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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D2158−16a
4. Summary of Test Method thermometer ASTM S5C described in Specification E2251.
Guide E2877 and Specification E1137 may be useful for
4.1 A 100mL sample of liquefied petroleum gas is weath-
selecting a digital contact thermometer.
ered in a 100mL centrifuge tube. The volume of residue
7.4.1 For routine testing, a general purpose thermometer or
remaining after heating the tube to 38°C is measured and
a digital contact thermometer with 0.5°C subdivisions or
recorded.
displayresolutionandamaximumerrorof0.5°Cmaybeused.
4.2 Todissolveanyresidue,10mLofsolventisaddedtothe
NOTE 1—When a thermometer or a water bath, or both, are not
centrifuge tube. Small, measured volumes of solvent-residue
available, for example when conducting a field te
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D2158 − 16a D2158 − 16a
Designation: 317/95(02)
Standard Test Method for
1
Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—The IP designation was removed editorially in February 2018.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of extraneous materials weathering above 38 °C that are present in liquefied
petroleum gases. The extraneous materials will generally be dissolved in the LPG, but may have phase-separated in some instances.
1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain certain anti-icing additives can give erroneous results by this test method.
1.3 Although this test method has been used to verify cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for many years,
it might not be sensitive enough to protect some equipment from operational problems or increased maintenance. A more sensitive
test, able to detect lower levels of dissolved contaminants, could be required for some applications.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D96 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure) (Withdrawn 2000)
D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
D1835 Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
E1137 Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
E2877 Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 oil stain observation, n—the volume of solvent-residue mixture required to yield an oil stain or ring that persists for 2 min
under specified conditions on absorbent paper.
3.1.2 residue, n—the volume, measured to the nearest 0.05 mL, of the residual material boiling above 38 °C resulting from the
evaporation of 100 mL of sample under the specified conditions of this test method.
3.1.3 solvent-residue mixture, n—a mixture (solution) of 10 mL of solvent with any residue remaining in the centrifuge tube at
the conclusion of the first step in this test method.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2016. Published January 2017. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D2158 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/D2158-16A.10.1520/D2158-16AE01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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D2158 − 16a
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A 100 mL sample of liquefied petroleum gas is weathered in a 100 mL centrifuge tube. The volume of residue remaining
after heating the tube to 38 °C is measured and recorded.
4.2 To dissolve any residue, 10 mL of solvent is added to the centrifuge tube. Small, measured volumes of solvent-residue
mixture are deposited on an absorbent
...