ASTM B440-12(2017)

Standard Specification for Cadmium

ABSTRACT
This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form. The cadmium shall be furnished in commercial standard forms or shapes. The cadmium supplied shall conform to the chemical requirements for one of the three grades, L01951, L01971, L01981. The producer may obtain representative samples from the molten metal during casting, and all or part of these samples may be cast into shapes suitable for chemical analysis. The material shall also conform to the chemical composition in iron, copper, nickel, lead, zinc, thallium, tin, silver, antimony, arsenic, and mercury.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form.  
1.2 Toxicity—Warning: Soluble and respirable forms of cadmium may be harmful to human health and the environment in certain forms and concentrations. Therefore, ingestion and inhalation of cadmium should be controlled under the appropriate regulations of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Cadmium-containing alloys and coatings should not be used on articles that will contact food or beverages, or for dental and other equipment that is normally inserted in the mouth. Similarly, if articles using cadmium-containing alloys or coatings are welded, soldered, brazed, ground, “flame-cut,” or otherwise heated during fabrication, adequate ventilation must be provided to maintain occupational cadmium exposure below the OSHA Permissible Exposure Level (PEL).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2017
• ICS: 77.120.70 - Cadmium, cobalt and their alloys
• Technical Committee: B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B02.04 - Zinc and Cadmium

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B440 −12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification for
1
Cadmium
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B440; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab,
B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Al-
ball or stick form.
loys
1.2 Toxicity—Warning: Soluble and respirable forms of
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
cadmiummaybeharmfultohumanhealthandtheenvironment
Determine Conformance with Specifications
in certain forms and concentrations. Therefore, ingestion and
E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in
inhalation of cadmium should be controlled under the appro-
Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
priate regulations of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health
E396 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cadmium
Administration(OSHA).Cadmium-containingalloysandcoat-
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
ings should not be used on articles that will contact food or
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
beverages, or for dental and other equipment that is normally
inserted in the mouth. Similarly, if articles using cadmium- 3. Terminology
containing alloys or coatings are welded, soldered, brazed,
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology
ground, “flame-cut,” or otherwise heated during fabrication,
B899.
adequateventilationmustbeprovidedtomaintainoccupational
4. Ordering Information
cadmium exposure below the OSHA Permissible Exposure
Level (PEL).
4.1 Orders for cadmium under this specification shall in-
clude the following information:
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1.1 ASTM designation,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4.1.2 Quantity (weight),
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1), and
and are not considered standard.
4.1.4 Shape and size (Section 7).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Materials and Manufacture
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
5.1 The cadmium shall be furnished in commercial standard
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
forms or shapes requested by purchaser.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided
6. Chemical Requirements
by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health,
and environmental practices, and determine the applicability
6.1 The cadmium supplied shall conform to the require-
of regulatory limitations prior to use. ments of Table 1 for one of the three grades.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
7. Shape and Size
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
7.1 Various forms and sizes of commercially available
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
cadmium are:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Form Shape and Size
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Ball Spherical, about 2 in. (50.8 mm) in diameter
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1 3 1
Stick Bar, about 9 × ⁄2 × ⁄8 in. (229 × 9.5 mm) or stick about 9 × ⁄2 in.
(229 × 12.7 mm) in diameter.
Slab Plate or bar, varying in weight from about 20 to 60 lb (9.0 to 27.2
kg)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
B02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as B440 – 12. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/B0440-12R17. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B440−12 (Reapproved 2017)
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B440−12 (2017)
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
into one sample and thoroughly mixed. The total sample
weight shall be not less than 300 g.
NOTE 1—With the mutual agreement of the buyer and seller, chemical
limits for Tin, Silver, Antimony, Arsenic, and Mercury may also be
9.4 In those cases where the cadmium involved is in som
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B440 − 12 B440 − 12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification for
1
Cadmium
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B440; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form.
1.2 Toxicity—Warning:Warning: Soluble and respirable forms of cadmium may be harmful to human health and the
environment in certain forms and concentrations. Therefore, ingestion and inhalation of cadmium should be controlled under the
appropriate regulations of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Cadmium-containing alloys and
coatings should not be used on articles that will contact food or beverages, or for dental and other equipment that is normally
inserted in the mouth. Similarly, if articles using cadmium-containing alloys or coatings are welded, soldered, brazed, ground,
“flame-cut,” or otherwise heated during fabrication, adequate ventilation must be provided to maintain occupational cadmium
exposure below the OSHA Permissible Exposure Level (PEL).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS)(SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and
healthenvironmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
E396 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cadmium
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
3. Terminology
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology B899.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for cadmium under this specification shall include the following information:
4.1.1 ASTM designation,
4.1.2 Quantity (weight),
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1), and
4.1.4 Shape and size (Section 7).
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.04 on Zinc
and Cadmium.
Current edition approved May 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2017. Published May 2012November 2017. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 as
B440 – 11.B440 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/B0440-12.10.1520/B0440-12R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B440 − 12 (2017)
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
NOTE 1—With the mutual agreement of the buyer and seller, chemical
limits for Tin, Silver, Antimony, Arsenic, and Mercury may also be
assigned to the grades 99.95 and 99.99 Cd.
Grade
B
(UNS)
Element
99.95 Cd 99.99 Cd 99.995 Cd
(L01951) (L01971) (L01981)
A
Cadmium, min. 99.95 % 99.99 % 99.995 %
Iron, max. ppm . 10 5
Copper, max. ppm 150 20 5
Nickel, max. ppm . 10 5
Lead, max. ppm 250 100 20
Zinc, max. ppm 350 30 5
Thallium, max. ppm 35 35 5
Tin, max. ppm . . 1
Silver, max. ppm . .
...