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ASTM D4476-03

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Fiber Reinforced Pultruded Plastic Rods

Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Fiber Reinforced Pultruded Plastic Rods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Flexural properties determined by this test method are especially useful for quality control and specification purposes.
The maximum axial fiber stresses occur on a line under the loading nose. The use of the semicircular cross section eliminates premature compression shear that has been noted in three-point flexure tests on full-round rods.
Flexural properties may vary with specimen depth, temperature, atmospheric conditions, and differences in rate of straining.
Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no material specifications, then the default conditions apply.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flexural properties of fiber-reinforced pultruded plastic rods. The specimen is a rod with a semicircular cross section, molded or cut from lengths of pultruded rods (see ). This test method is designed for rods with a diameter of 1/2 in. or greater.
Note 1—There is no ISO equivalent for this standard.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2003
ICS
83.120 - Reinforced plastics
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.18 - Reinforced Thermosetting Plastics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4476-97 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Fiber Reinforced Pultruded Plastic Rods
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Replaced By
ASTM D4476-09 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Fiber Reinforced Pultruded Plastic Rods
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Referred By
ASTM D7745-19 - Standard Practice for Testing Pultruded Composites
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003

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ASTM D4476-03 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Fiber Reinforced Pultruded Plastic RodsASTM D4476-03 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Fiber Reinforced Pultruded Plastic Rods
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ASTM D4476-03 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Fiber Reinforced Pultruded Plastic Rods
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4476–03
Standard Test Method for
Flexural Properties of Fiber Reinforced Pultruded Plastic
1
Rods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4476; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheflexural
properties of fiber-reinforced pultruded plastic rods.The speci-
men is a rod with a semicircular cross section, molded or cut
from lengths of pultruded rods (see Fig. 1).This test method is
1
designed for rods with a diameter of ⁄2 in. or greater.
NOTE 1—There is no ISO equivalent for this standard.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
FIG. 1 Cross Section of Test Specimen
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
4. Summary of Test Method
with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4.1 Arod of semicircular construction is tested in flexure as
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
a simple beam. The specimen rests on two supports and is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- loaded by means of a loading nose midway between the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- supports (see Fig. 3).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3918 Definitions of Terms Relating to Reinforced Plastic
Pultruded Parts
E4 Practices for Load Verification of Testing Machines
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, see
Terminology D883 or Definitions D3918.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermoset-
ting Plastics.
Current edition approved November 1, 2003. Published December 2003.
Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D4476-
97.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. FIG. 2 Arbor Dimensions
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4476–03
FIG. 3 Schematic of Flexural Test
4.2 The specimen is deflected until rupture occurs in the 6.2 Loading Nose and Supports—The loading nose shall
outer fibers, or until the maximum fiber strain of 5% is have cylindrical surfaces. In order to avoid excessive indenta-
reached, whichever occurs first. tion or failure due to stress concentration directly under the
1
loadingnose,theradiusofthenoseshallbeatleast6.4mm[ ⁄4
5. Significance and Use
in.] for all specimens. Larger-radius noses are recommended if
significant indentation or compressive failure occurs. The
5.1 Flexural properties determined by this test method are
curvatureoftheloadingnoseincontactwiththespecimenshall
especiallyusefulforqualitycontrolandspecificationpurposes.
besufficientlylargetopreventcontactofthespecimenwiththe
5.2 The maximum axial fiber stresses occur on a line under
sidesofthenose.Thesupportsshallconsistofanvilstosupport
the loading nose. The use of the semicircular cross section
the round section of the segment (see Fig. 2).
eliminates premature compression shear that has been noted in
6.3 Micrometers—Suitable micrometers for measuring the
three-point flexure tests on full-round rods.
diameter of the test specimen to an incremental discrimination
5.3 Flexural properties may vary with specimen depth,
of at least 0.025 mm [0.001 in.] shall be used.
temperature, atmospheric conditions, and differences in rate of
straining.
7. Test Specimen
5.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference
shouldbemadetothespecificationofthematerialbeingtested. 7.1 The test specimen shall consist of a pultruded rod cut
into two parts so that the cross section of each part is smaller
Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or
testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the than a half-round section (see Fig. 1).
7.2
...

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This specification covers the material and design requirements, and fabrication of ducts and hoods made of "fiberglass" (glass fiber reinforced thermosetting resin) consisting of a polyester, vinyl ester, or other qualified resin-matrix systems with fiber reinforcement manufactured by contact molding, intended for use in handling corrosive fumes and process gases. Special attention is given to equipment that operates at specified temperatures with regard to strength and corrosion resistance. This specification does not address the selection of resins and reinforcements for specific chemical environments.
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4.1 The results obtained by this practice shall serve as a guide in, but not as the sole basis for, selection of a thermosetting resin used in an RTP structure. No attempt has been made to incorporate into the practice all the various factors that will potentially affect the serviceability of an RTP structure when subjected to chemical environments. These factors will potentially include stress, different resin-to-glass ratios, and multiple veils.
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1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
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