ASTM E95-68(2006)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation
Standard Specification for Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general and design requirements for two types of cell-type ovens based on their rates of ventilation, for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. This specification takes into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. Hence, this oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. These specifications take into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and temperature will be included in the applicable material specifications or test methods. Ovens meeting these specifications have been found useful for determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of elastomers and plastics.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: E95 – 68 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Specification for
1
Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E95; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ventilation is adequate to avoid stagnation at the surface of the
specimens, as would be caused, for example, by high rates of
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a
diffusion of volatile constituents through the body of the
cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for deter-
specimen.
mining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on
3.2 Oven types are classified as follows:
heating at elevated temperatures.These specifications take into
Type Ventilation Rate, m/min
account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and
LV 0.25 to 25
temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents
HV 100 to 250
from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This
4. Requirements
oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on
the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation,
4.1 The oven shall consist of one or more cylindrical cells,
or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as
each having a minimum diameter of 35 mm (1.4 in.) and a
specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and
minimum length of 300 mm (12 in.). The cells shall be
temperature will be included in the applicable material speci-
mounted in a thermostatically controlled, heat-transfer me-
fications or test methods.
dium: for example, an aluminum block, a liquid bath, or a
circulating-air oven. The cells shall not be constructed of
NOTE 1—Ovens meeting these specifications have been found useful
copper or a copper alloy.
for determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of
4.2 The design of the oven shall be such that heated air
elastomers and plastics.
enters one end of the cell and is exhausted from the other end
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
of it without being recirculated. In order to prevent cross-
as the standard.
migration of volatile constituents contained in the specimens
being tested, air passing over a specimen in one cell shall not
2. Referenced Documents
2 come in contact with specimens in other cells.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3 Air entering the cells shall have been filtered and
D1870 Practice for Elevated Temperature Aging Using a
preheated to within 1°C of the specified temperature for the
Tubular Oven
space occupied by the specimen. The design shall also permit
3. Types the cells to be cleaned easily after each test.
4.4 Provisionshallbemadeformeteringtheairflowthrough
3.1 Ovens are classified according to ventilation rate within
each cell within 610 % of any desired rate within the range of
the cells, provision being made for low (LV) and high (HV)
the particular type of oven. The air may be metered to each
ventilation rates. Thus, for materials showing low rates of
tube, or a single pressure-control device leading to a plenum
weightlossameansisprovidedfortheirevaluationwithoutthe
chamber may be used. If a plenum chamber is used, cells
necessity of providing the excessive heat input required by the
should be connected to it by passageways or orifices having
higher ventilation rate. It should, however, be established by
restrictions to assure the same rate of airflow to each cell. The
experiment when using the LV-type oven that the rate of
rate of flow may be measured on the entering air at room
temperature, if the proper factor is applied for the increase in
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on
rate of flow caused by the thermal expansion of the air when it
Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 on
is raised to the temperature of the cell.
Apparatus.
4.5 Provision shall be made for supporting and positioning
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published December 2006. Originally
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E95 – 68 (2001). DOI: specimens within the cell, separated from each other and
10.1520/E0095-68R06.
without touching the walls of the cell.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
NOTE 2—Only one specimen should be mounted in each cell unless it
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
is known that the inclusion of additional specimens would not affect the
the ASTM website.
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