ASTM D3348-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline (Colorimetric Method)
Standard Test Method for Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline (Colorimetric Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test is used to determine trace quantities of lead in unleaded gasoline. Unwarranted amounts of lead may cause deposits in automotive pollution control equipment and poisoning of catalytic mufflers.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended for use in the field by nontechnical people for the quantitative measurement of lead in unleaded gasoline in the range from 0.01 to 0.10 g Pb/U.S. gal (2.64 to 26.4 mg Pb/L). This method applies to all commercial gasolines and responds to all types of lead alkyls as well as to other organic and inorganic forms of lead. Note 1—This test method is based on the use of the Mobil Lead Test Kit (Fig. 1).
FIG. 1 Mobil Lead Test KitNote 2—This test method is a screening test and is not to be used as a replacement for withdrawn Test Method D3116, withdrawn Test Method D3229, Test Method D3237, Test Method D3341, or Test Method D5059.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.
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Designation: D3348 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline
1
(Colorimetric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3348; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D3229 Test Method for Low Levels of Lead in Gasoline by
3
X-Ray Spectrometry (Withdrawn 1992)
1.1 This test method covers and is intended for use in the
D3237 TestMethodforLeadinGasolinebyAtomicAbsorp-
field by nontechnical people for the quantitative measurement
tion Spectroscopy
of lead in unleaded gasoline in the range from 0.01 to 0.10 g
D3341 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline—Iodine Mono-
Pb/U.S. gal (2.64 to 26.4 mg Pb/L). This method applies to all
chloride Method
commercial gasolines and responds to all types of lead alkyls
D5059 Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spec-
as well as to other organic and inorganic forms of lead.
troscopy
NOTE 1—This test method is based on the use of the Mobil Lead Test
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
Kit (Fig. 1).
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
NOTE 2—This test method is a screening test and is not to be used as a
Measurement System Performance
replacement for withdrawn Test Method D3116, withdrawn Test Method
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products
D3229, Test Method D3237, Test Method D3341, or Test Method D5059.
and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3. Summary of Test Method
standard.
3.1 The gasoline is treated with iodine and tetraethyl am-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
monium chloride in chloroform and subjected to ultraviolet
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
light. The lead alkyls form water-soluble lead alkyl iodides,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
which are removed from the gasoline by shaking it with an
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
aqueous ammonium nitrate solution. The aqueous extract is
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
filtered into a solution of 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol disodium
warning statements, see Section 7.
salt (PAR) and ammonium hydroxide. The lead is determined
by measuring its PAR complex colorimetrically at 490 nm
2. Referenced Documents
using a previously prepared calibration curve.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Significance and Use
D3116 Test Method for TraceAmounts of Lead in Gasoline
3
4.1 This test is used to determine trace quantities of lead in
(Withdrawn 1994)
unleaded gasoline. Unwarranted amounts of lead may cause
deposits in automotive pollution control equipment and poi-
1 soning of catalytic mufflers.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
5. Interferences
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published January 2013. Originally
5.1 PAR also reacts with many other metals forming highly
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3348–07. DOI:
coloredcomplexes.However,noneofthesearenormallyfound
10.1520/D3348-12.
2
present in a soluble form in gasoline. The following metals
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
were found to form colors with PAR and if present may
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
interfere to give high results: Fe II, Fe III, Co II, Ni II, Cu II,
the ASTM website.
3 Zn II, Cd II, Mn II, Sn II, V IV, Pb II, U VI, Ti IV, and the rare
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. earths.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3348 − 12
FIG. 1 Mobil Lead Test Kit
6. Apparatus 6.5 Pipets, glass, dropping, capable of delivering 2.0 mL
with a 2-mLbulb. (Warning—Gasoline or any of the reagents
6.1 Ultraviolet Lamp, long wavelength, 3660 Å, placed in a
must not come in contact with rubber. If this happens, discard
standard 4-W fluorescent fixture.
the bulb and pipet and start again.)
4,5
NOTE 3—A 3-min electric timer is connected to the fixture in the
6.6 Funnel, plastic, 2 in. in inside diameter.
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3348 − 07 D3348 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline
1
(Colorimetric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3348; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers and is intended for use in the field by nontechnical people for the quantitative measurement of lead
in unleaded gasoline in the range from 0.01 to 0.10 g Pb/U.S. gal (2.64 to 26.4 mg Pb/L). This method applies to all commercial
gasolines and responds to all types of lead alkyls as well as to other organic and inorganic forms of lead.
NOTE 1—This test method is based on the use of the Mobil Lead Test Kit (Fig. 1).
NOTE 2—This test method is a screening test and is not to be used as a replacement for withdrawn Test Method D3116, withdrawn Test Method D3229,
or Test Method D3237. , Test Method D3341, or Test Method D5059.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D3116 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Lead in Gasoline (Withdrawn 1994)
3
D3229 Test Method for Low Levels of Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spectrometry (Withdrawn 1992)
D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D3341 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline—Iodine Monochloride Method
D5059 Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spectroscopy
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The gasoline is treated with iodine and tetraethyl ammonium chloride in chloroform and subjected to ultraviolet light. The
lead alkyls form water-soluble lead alkyl iodides, which are removed from the gasoline by shaking it with an aqueous ammonium
nitrate solution. The aqueous extract is filtered into a solution of 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol disodium salt (PAR) and ammonium
hydroxide. The lead is determined by measuring its PAR complex colorimetrically at 490 nm using a previously prepared
calibration curve.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test is used to determine trace quantities of lead in unleaded gasoline. Unwarranted amounts of lead may cause deposits
in automotive pollution control equipment and poisoning of catalytic mufflers.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.03 on
Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007Dec. 1, 2012. Published January 2008 January 2013. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20032007 as
ε1
D3348–98(2003)D3348 .–07. DOI: 10.1520/D3348-07.10.1520/D3348-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3348 − 12
FIG. 1 Mobil Lead Test Kit
5. Interferences
5.1 PAR also reacts with many other metals forming highly colored complexes. However, none of these are normally found
present in a soluble form in gasoline. The following metals were found to form colors with PAR and if present may interfere to
give high results: Fe II, Fe III, Co II, Ni II, Cu II, Zn II, Cd II, Mn II, Sn II, V IV, Pb II, U VI, Ti IV, and the rare earths.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Ultraviolet Lamp, long wavelength, 3660 Å, placed in a standard 4-W
...
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