ASTM F1449-08(2015)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Industrial Laundering of Flame, Thermal, and Arc Resistant Clothing
Standard Guide for Industrial Laundering of Flame, Thermal, and Arc Resistant Clothing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide identifies the responsibilities of the fiber, fabric, and clothing manufacturers, as well as the processor, the processor's chemical supplier and the end user.
5.2 This guide describes the key components involved in a program for the care and maintenance of flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing.
5.3 The guidelines in this standard will provide a processor assistance to develop a processing system that maintains the flame, thermal, and arc resistant characteristics of the clothing during its useful service life.
5.3.1 The development of published formulas for each fabric and level of soiling is difficult at any given point in time due to ongoing continuous improvement of flame, thermal and arc resistant clothing, including new fibers, fabrics, and laundering equipment and procedures.
5.4 The guide also provides suggestions as to when flame, thermal, and arc resistant garments should be removed from service.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the care and maintenance of clothing that is flame, thermal, and arc resistant.
1.2 These recommendations address the Industrial Laundering process.
Note 1: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends leaving clothing soiled with hazardous chemicals at work to be laundered by the employer; or if such clothing is washed at home, to launder separately from the family wash.
1.2.1 This guide does not apply to dry cleaning of flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing. For more information on dry cleaning, follow label instructions or contact your garment supplier.
Note 2: Dry cleaning indicates cleaning by a professional dry cleaner.
1.2.2 This guide does not apply to home laundering of flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing. For more information on home laundering, follow label instructions or contact your garment supplier.
Note 3: Home laundering indicates laundering in a home laundering machine.
1.3 It is important that potentially flammable contaminants are removed from garments during the wash process. If flammable contaminants are not removed, the flame resistance of the garment will be compromised. (See Note 1.)
Note 4: Effective cleaning and proper maintenance of the protective characteristics of flame, thermal and arc resistant protective clothing should include consideration of the services a professional processor can supply.
1.4 It is important that the processes and materials used to launder flame resistant garments are compatible with the FR materials to ensure that the FR protection of the garment is not compromised during the laundering process.
1.5 It is the responsibility of the end user to determine if their laundering method is the appropriate care and maintenance procedure for their application. (See Appendix X1 and X1.1.)
1.6 This guide does not apply to specialized protective garments such as specialized firefighter turnout gear and proximity firefighter ensembles.
1.7 This guide also identifies inspection criteria that are significant to the performance of flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing.
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Designation: F1449 − 08 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Guide for
Industrial Laundering of Flame, Thermal, and Arc Resistant
Clothing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1449; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 It is the responsibility of the end user to determine if
their laundering method is the appropriate care and mainte-
1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the care and
nance procedure for their application. (See Appendix X1 and
maintenance of clothing that is flame, thermal, and arc resis-
X1.1.)
tant.
1.6 This guide does not apply to specialized protective
1.2 These recommendations address the Industrial Launder-
garments such as specialized firefighter turnout gear and
ing process.
proximity firefighter ensembles.
NOTE 1—The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1.7 This guide also identifies inspection criteria that are
(NIOSH) recommends leaving clothing soiled with hazardous chemicals
significant to the performance of flame, thermal, and arc
at work to be laundered by the employer; or if such clothing is washed at
home, to launder separately from the family wash. resistant clothing.
1.2.1 This guide does not apply to dry cleaning of flame,
2. Referenced Documents
thermal, and arc resistant clothing. For more information on
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dry cleaning, follow label instructions or contact your garment
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
supplier.
F1494 Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
NOTE 2—Dry cleaning indicates cleaning by a professional dry cleaner.
2.2 Other References:
1.2.2 This guide does not apply to home laundering of
Textile Laundering Technology Handbook -2005 Edition by
flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing. For more informa-
Dr. Charles Riggs, Ph.D. and Michael Klipper
tion on home laundering, follow label instructions or contact
NIOSH, Protecting Workers’ Families, A Research Agenda
your garment supplier.
Report of the Workers’ Family Protection Task Force –
February, 2002
NOTE 3—Home laundering indicates laundering in a home laundering
machine.
3. Terminology
1.3 It is important that potentially flammable contaminants
3.1 Definitions:
are removed from garments during the wash process. If
3.1.1 care and maintenance, n—effective cleaning to re-
flammable contaminants are not removed, the flame resistance
movesoilandmaximizeuselifeofgarmentswhilemaintaining
of the garment will be compromised. (See Note 1.)
(not removing) protective properties and procedures for
NOTE 4—Effective cleaning and proper maintenance of the protective
inspection, repair, and removal from service.
characteristics of flame, thermal and arc resistant protective clothing
3.1.2 end user, n—the entity or organization whose employ-
should include consideration of the services a professional processor can
supply.
ees ultimately wear the flame, thermal, and arc resistant
clothing.
1.4 It is important that the processes and materials used to
launder flame resistant garments are compatible with the FR 3.1.3 finish, n—a chemical or mechanical modification, or
materials to ensure that the FR protection of the garment is not both, of the fabric for a specific performance result.
compromised during the laundering process.
3.1.4 finishing technique, n—the mechanical means by
which the garment is put in its final state (for example,
pressing, drying, tunneling).
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal
Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F23.80 on Flame and Thermal. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1449 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
F1449-08R15. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1449 − 08 (2015)
3.1.5 laundry wash formula, n—the details related to 6.2 The processor should sort flame, thermal, and arc
procedures, cycle times, temperatures, and chemicals used in resistant clothing by fiber, fabric, finish, and soil level in
the laundering process. consultation with the chemical supplier, and wash separately
from all other clothing.
3.1.6 processing launderer (processor), n—the party per-
forming the operation of cleaning or repairing, or both of the
6.3 The processor, in consultation with the chemical
flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing.
supplier, should develop loading plans and wash formulas to
3.1.7 soil, n—foreign substances that may be on garments, remove soils, while maintaining the flame and thermal protec-
which are not part of the garment construction or materials. tive characteristics of the garments.
6.3.1 Laundry wash formulas should be developed by the
3.1.8 soil level, n—the amount of soil on a garment (very
processor and wash chemical supplier in collaboration with the
light, light, medium, heavy, and very heavy) are subjective
clothing and fabric manufacturers based on the following
categories of soil levels commonly used in the laundry indus-
criteria:
try; the definition of each category depends on the soils, fabric
(1) Washing Machine Type and Volume
type, garment construction, and fabric release properties.
Machine Loading Factor
(Refer to “The Textile Laundering Technology Handbook” in
Mechanical Action
Section 2. Referenced Documents)
Extraction
4. Summary of Guide
Cycle Times
(2) Product Classifications and Material Construction
4.1 This guide provides guidelines for use by suppliers of
(3) Soil types and soil level
the flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing (including the
(4) Sorting
fabric and fibers used in its construction), processors, and end
(5) Wash Room Chemistry
users to effectively care for and maintain flame, thermal, and
Water Temperature
arc resistant clothing. The guidelines include:
Water Hardness
4.1.1 A listing of elements to consider when developing
Detergent Make-up
wash procedures and formulas for processor(s).
Additives
4.1.2 Recommendations for removing flame, thermal, and
(6) Finishing Process
arc resistant clothing from service.
Type Finishing-Drying, Pressing, Tunneling
4.1.3 Recommendations for the repair, modification and fit
Moisture Retention
of flame, thermal and arc resistant clothing.
Finishing Temperature
5. Significance and Use
Finishing Time
(7) Special Instructions prohibiting laundering (for
5.1 This guide identifies the responsibilities of the fiber,
example, “Dry Clean Only” or “Do Not Wash.”
fabric,andclothingmanufacturers,aswellastheprocessor,the
processor’s chemical supplier and the end user. 6.3.2 Based on the preceding criteria, some or all of the
following processes may be included in the wash formula:
5.2 This guide describes the key components involved in a
6.3.2.1 Flush—A high-level bath for a short period of time
program for the
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1449 − 08 F1449 − 08 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Guide for
Industrial Laundering of Flame, Thermal, and Arc Resistant
Clothing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1449; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides recommendations for the care and maintenance of clothing that is flame, thermal, and arc resistant.
1.2 These recommendations address the Industrial Laundering process.
NOTE 1—The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends leaving clothing soiled with hazardous chemicals at work
to be laundered by the employer; or if such clothing is washed at home, to launder separately from the family wash.
1.2.1 This guide does not apply to dry cleaning of flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing. For more information on dry
cleaning, follow label instructions or contact your garment supplier.
NOTE 2—Dry cleaning indicates cleaning by a professional dry cleaner.
1.2.2 This guide does not apply to home laundering of flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing. For more information on home
laundering, follow label instructions or contact your garment supplier.
NOTE 3—Home laundering indicates laundering in a home laundering machine.
1.3 It is important that potentially flammable contaminants are removed from garments during the wash process. If flammable
contaminants are not removed, the flame resistance of the garment will be compromised. (See Note 1.)
NOTE 4—Effective cleaning and proper maintenance of the protective characteristics of flame, thermal and arc resistant protective clothing should
include consideration of the services a professional processor can supply.
1.4 It is important that the processes and materials used to launder flame resistant garments are compatible with the FR materials
to ensure that the FR protection of the garment is not compromised during the laundering process.
1.5 It is the responsibility of the end user to determine if their laundering method is the appropriate care and maintenance
procedure for their application. (See Appendix X1 and X1.1.)
1.6 This guide does not apply to specialized protective garments such as specialized firefighter turnout gear and proximity
firefighter ensembles.
1.7 This guide also identifies inspection criteria that are significant to the performance of flame, thermal, and arc resistant
clothing.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
F1494 Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
2.2 Other References:
Textile Laundering Technology Handbook -2005 Edition by Dr. Charles Riggs, Ph.D. and Michael Klipper
NIOSH, Protecting Workers’ Families, A Research Agenda Report of the Workers’ Family Protection Task Force – February,
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F23.80
on Flame and Thermal.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2008July 1, 2015. Published February 2008July 2015. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20012008 as
F1449 - 01.F1449 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/F1449-08.10.1520/F1449-08R15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1449 − 08 (2015)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 care and maintenance, n—effective cleaning to remove soil and maximize use life of garments while maintaining (not
removing) protective properties and procedures for inspection, repair, and removal from service.
3.1.2 end user, n—the entity or organization whose employees ultimately wear the flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing.
3.1.3 finish, n—a chemical or mechanical modification, or both, of the fabric for a specific performance result.
3.1.4 finishing technique, n—the mechanical means by which the garment is put in its final state (for example, pressing, drying,
tunneling).
3.1.5 laundry wash formula, n—the details related to procedures, cycle times, temperatures, and chemicals used in the
laundering process.
3.1.6 processing launderer (processor), n—the party performing the operation of cleaning or repairing, or both of the flame,
thermal, and arc resistant clothing.
3.1.7 soil, n—foreign substances that may be on garments, which are not part of the garment construction or materials.
3.1.8 soil level, n—the amount of soil on a garment (very light, light, medium, heavy, and very heavy) are subjective categories
of soil levels commonly used in the laundry industry; the definition of each category depends on the soils, fabric type, garment
construction, and fabric release properties. (Refer to “The Textile Laundering Technology Handbook” in Section 22. Referenced
Documents)
4. Summary of Guide
4.1 This guide provides guidelines for use by suppliers of the flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing (including the fabric and
fibers used in its construction), processors, and end users to effectively care for and maintain flame, thermal, and arc resistant
clothing. The guidelines include:
4.1.1 A listing of elements to consider when developing wash procedures and formulas for processor(s).
4.1.2 Recommendations for removing flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing from service.
4.1.3 Recommendations for the repair, modification and fit of flame, thermal and arc resistant clothing.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This guide identifies the responsibilities of the fiber, fabric, and clothing manufacturers, as well as the processor, the
processor’s chemical supplier and the end user.
5.2 This guide describes the key components involved in a program for the care and maintenance of flame, thermal, and arc
resistant clothing.
5.3 The guidelines in this standard will provide a processor assistance to develop a processing system that maintains the flame,
thermal, and arc resistant characteristics of the clothing during its useful service life.
5.3.1 The development of published formulas for each fabric and level of soiling is difficult at any given point in time due to
ongoing continuous improvement of flame, thermal and arc resistant clothing, including new fibers, fabrics, and laundering
equipment and procedures.
5.4 The guide also provides suggestions as to when flame, thermal, and arc resistant garments should be removed from service.
6. Procedure
6.1 Garment manufacturers, in consultation with fiber and fabric suppliers, are responsible for providing information on the
performance characteristics and maintenance needs of their garments. The end-user is responsible for understanding the hazards
present in the workplace and selecting appropriate engineering controls and protective equipment and garments to address those
hazards.
6.2 The processor should sort flame, thermal, and arc resistant clothing by fiber, fa
...
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