ASTM C828-98
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
Standard Test Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
SCOPE
1.1 This test method defines procedures for testing vitrified clay pipe lines, using low-pressure air, to demonstrate the structural integrity of the installed line. Refer to Practice C12.
1.2 This test method shall be performed on lines after connection laterals, if any, have been plugged and braced adequately to withstand the test pressure, and after the trenches have been backfilled for a sufficient time to generate a significant portion of the ultimate trench load on the pipe line. The time between completion of the backfill operation and low-pressure air testing shall be determined by the approving authority.
1.3 This test method may also be used as a preliminary test, which enables the installer to demonstrate the condition of the line prior to backfill and further construction activities.
1.4 This test method is suitable for testing gravity-flow sewer pipe constructed of vitrified clay or combinations of clay and other pipe materials.
1.5 Terminology C896 is to be used for clarification of terminology in this test method.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C 828 – 98
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
1
Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope may be determined by the use of Table 1, or calculated by use
of the formulas in Appendix X1.
1.1 This test method defines procedures for testing vitrified
clay pipe lines, using low-pressure air, to demonstrate the
4. Hazards
structural integrity of the installed line.
4.1 The low-pressure air test may be dangerous to personnel
1.2 This test method shall be performed on lines after
if, through lack of understanding or carelessness, a line is
connection laterals, if any, have been plugged and braced
overpressurized or plugs are installed improperly. It is ex-
adequately to withstand the test pressure, and after the trenches
tremely important that the various plugs be installed so as to
have been backfilled for a sufficient time to generate a
prevent the sudden expulsion of a poorly installed or partially
significant portion of the ultimate trench load on the pipe line.
inflated plug. As an example of the hazard, a force of 250 lbf
The time between completion of the backfill operation and
(1112 N) is exerted on an 8-in. (205-mm) plug by an internal
low-pressure air testing shall be determined by the approving
pressure of 5 psi (34 kPa). Observe the following safety
authority.
precautions:
1.3 This test method may also be used as a preliminary test,
4.1.1 No one shall be allowed in the manholes during testing
which enables the installer to demonstrate the condition of the
because of the hazards.
line prior to backfill and further construction activities.
4.1.2 Install all plugs securely.
1.4 This test method is suitable for testing gravity-flow
4.1.3 When lines are to be tested, it may be necessary that
sewer pipe constructed of vitrified clay or combinations of clay
the plugs be braced as an added safety factor.
and other pipe materials.
4.1.4 Do not overpressurize the lines.
1.5 Terminology C 896 is to be used for clarification of
terminology in this test method.
5. Preparation of the Line
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
5.1 Air may pass through the walls of dry pipe. A wetted
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
interior pipe surface is desirable and will produce more
information only.
consistent test results. Usually moisture absorbed from the
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
backfill is sufficient to cope with this situation. Where practi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cal, clean the line prior to testing to wet the pipe surface and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
eliminate debris.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Procedure
6.1 Determine the test time for the section of line to be
2. Referenced Documents
tested using Table 1 or Table X1.1 or the formulas in Appendix
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 X1.
C 12 Practice for Installing Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
6.2 Plug all openings in the test section.
2
C 896 Terminology Relating to Clay Products
6.3 Add air until the internal pressure of the line is raised to
approximately 4.0 psi (28 kPa). After this pressure is reached,
3. Summary of Test Method
allow the pressure to stabilize. The pressure will normally drop
3.1 The section of the line to be tested is plugged. Air, at low
as the air temperature stabilizes. This usually takes 2 to 5 min,
pressure, is introduced into the plugged line. The line passes
depending on the pipe size. The pressure should be reduced to
the test if the rate of air loss, as measured by pressure drop,
3.5 psi (24 kPa) before starting the test.
does not exceed a specified amount in a specified time. This
6.4 Start the test when the pressure is at 3.5 psi (24 kPa). If
a 1 psi (7 kPa) drop does not occur within the test time, the line
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-4 on Vitrified
has passed. If the pressure drop is more than 1 psi (7 kPa)
Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.20 on Methods of
during the test time, the line is presumed to have failed the test.
Test and Specifications.
If the line fails the test, segmental testing may be utilized solely
Current edition approved March 10, 1998. Published January 1999. O
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