ASTM D7170-12a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils—Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method
Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils—Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ID and DCN values determined by this test method can provide a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel oil in compression ignition engines.
5.2 This test can be used by engine manufacturers, petroleum refiners and marketers, and in commerce as a specification aid to relate or match fuels and engines.
5.3 The relationship of diesel fuel oil DCN determinations to the performance of full-scale, variable-speed, variable-load diesel engines is not completely understood.
5.4 This test may be applied to non-conventional fuels. It is recognized that the performance of non-conventional fuels in full-scale engines is not completely understood. The user is therefore cautioned to investigate the suitability of ignition characteristic measurements for predicting performance in full-scale engines for these types of fuels.
5.5 This test determines ignition characteristics and requires a sample of approximately 220 mL and a test time of approximately 20 min on a fit-for-use instrument.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oils, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of Specification D975, Grades No. 1-D and 2-D regular and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517-2000 and CAN/CGSB 3.6-2000. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of blends of fuel oils containing biodiesel material, and diesel fuel oil blending components.
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay and utilizes a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection into heated, compressed air. An equation converts an ignition delay determination to a derived cetane number (DCN).
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from a minimum value of 35.0 DCN (ignition delay of 4.89 ms) to a maximum value of 59.6 DCN (ignition delay of 2.87 ms). The average DCN result for each sample in the ILS ranged from 37.29 (average ignition delay of 4.5894 ms) to 56.517 (average ignition delay of 3.0281 ms).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7170 − 12a
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel
Fuel Oils—Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume
1
Combustion Chamber Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination 2.1 ASTM Standards:
of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oils, D613Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, D975Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
and is applicable to products typical of Specification D975, D1193Specification for Reagent Water
GradesNo.1-Dand2-Dregularandlow-sulfurdieselfueloils, D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/ Petroleum Products
CGSB-3.517-2000andCAN/CGSB3.6-2000.Thetestmethod D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the Products, and Lubricants
ignition characteristics of blends of fuel oils containing bio- D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
diesel material, and diesel fuel oil blending components. Petroleum Products
D5854Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
1.2 Thistestmethodmeasurestheignitiondelayandutilizes
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injec-
D6299Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
tion into heated, compressed air. An equation converts an
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
ignition delay determination to a derived cetane number
Measurement System Performance
(DCN).
D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from a
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
minimum value of 35.0 DCN (ignition delay of 4.89 ms) to a
Lubricants
maximum value of 59.6 DCN (ignition delay of 2.87 ms). The
D6708Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
average DCN result for each sample in the ILS ranged from
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
37.29(averageignitiondelayof4.5894ms)to56.517(average
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
ignition delay of 3.0281 ms).
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as E832Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
3
2.2 EN Standard:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. EN590AutomotiveFuels—Diesel—RequirementsandTest
Methods
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4
2.3 Energy Institute Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
IP 41Ignition Quality of Diesel Fuels—Cetane Engine Test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee the ASTM website.
3
D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics. Available from European Committee for standardization. Central Secretariat:
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published February 2013. Originally rue de Stassart, 36, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
4
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7170–12. DOI: Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
10.1520/D7170-12A. U.K.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7170 − 12a
5
2.4 Canadian Standards: 3.2.2 charge air, n—compressed air at a specified pressure
CAN/CGSB-3.517-2000 Regular Sulphur Diesel Fuel— introduced into the combustion chamber at the beginning of
Specification each test cycle.
CAN/CGSB 3.6-2000 Automotive Low-Sulphur Diesel
3.2.3 charge air temperature, n—temperature, in °C, of the
Fuel—Specification
air inside the combustion chamber.
6
2.5 DIN Standard:
3.2.4 combustion analyzer, n—an integrated compression
DIN 73372Einspritzdüsen Grösse T u
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7170 − 12 D7170 − 12a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel
Fuel Oils—Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume
1
Combustion Chamber Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oils, diesel
fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of Specification D975, Grades No. 1-D
and 2-D regular and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517-2000 and
CAN/CGSB 3.6-2000. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of
blends of fuel oils containing biodiesel material, and diesel fuel oil blending components.
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay and utilizes a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection
into heated, compressed air. An equation converts an ignition delay determination to a derived cetane number (DCN).
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from a minimum value of 35.0 DCN (ignition delay of 4.89 ms) to a
maximum value of 59.6 DCN (ignition delay of 2.87 ms). The average DCN result for each sample in the ILS ranged from 37.29
(average ignition delay of 4.5894 ms) to 56.517 (average ignition delay of 3.0281 ms).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
3
2.2 EN Standard:
EN 590 Automotive Fuels—Diesel—Requirements and Test Methods
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.01 on
Combustion Characteristics.
Current edition approved June 15, 2012Nov. 1, 2012. Published July 2012February 2013. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 as
D7170–11.–12. DOI: 10.1520/D7170-12.10.1520/D7170-12A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from European Committee for standardization. Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7170 − 12a
4
2.3 Energy Institute Standard:
IP 41 Ignition Quality of Diesel Fuels—Cetane Engine Test Method
5
2.4 Canadian Standards:
CAN/CGSB-3.517-2000 Regular Sulphur Diesel Fuel—Specification
CAN/CGSB 3.6-2000 Automotive Low-Sulphur Diesel Fuel—Specification
6
2.5 DIN Standard:
DI
...
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