ASTM B440-11

Standard Specification for Cadmium

ABSTRACT
This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form. The cadmium shall be furnished in commercial standard forms or shapes. The cadmium supplied shall conform to the chemical requirements for one of the three grades, L01951, L01971, L01981. The producer may obtain representative samples from the molten metal during casting, and all or part of these samples may be cast into shapes suitable for chemical analysis. The material shall also conform to the chemical composition in iron, copper, nickel, lead, zinc, thallium, tin, silver, antimony, arsenic, and mercury.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form.
1.2 Toxicity—Warning: Soluble and respirable forms of cadmium may be harmful to human health and the environment in certain forms and concentrations. Therefore, ingestion and inhalation of cadmium should be controlled under the appropriate regulations of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Cadmium-containing alloys and coatings should not be used on articles that will contact food or beverages, or for dental and other equipment that is normally inserted in the mouth. Similarly, if articles using cadmium-containing alloys or coatings are welded, soldered, brazed, ground, “flame-cut,” or otherwise heated during fabrication, adequate ventilation must be provided to maintain occupational cadmium exposure below the OSHA Permissible Exposure Level (PEL).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2011
• ICS: 77.120.70 - Cadmium, cobalt and their alloys
• Technical Committee: B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B02.04 - Zinc and Cadmium

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM B440-00(2005) - Standard Specification for Cadmium
• Effective Date: 01-May-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM B440-12 - Standard Specification for Cadmium
• Effective Date: 01-May-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E396-17 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cadmium
• Effective Date: 01-May-2011
• Referred By: ASTM B699-86(2021)e1 - Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium Vacuum-Deposited on Iron and Steel
• Effective Date: 01-May-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B440 – 11
Standard Specification for
1
Cadmium
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B440; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and
Alloys
1.1 This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab,
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
ball or stick form.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.2 Toxicity—Warning: Soluble and respirable forms of
E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals andAlloys in
cadmiummaybeharmfultohumanhealthandtheenvironment
Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
in certain forms and concentrations. Therefore, ingestion and
E396 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cadmium
inhalation of cadmium should be controlled under the appro-
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
priate regulations of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
Administration(OSHA).Cadmium-containingalloysandcoat-
ings should not be used on articles that will contact food or
3. Terminology
beverages, or for dental and other equipment that is normally
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology
inserted in the mouth. Similarly, if articles using cadmium-
B899.
containing alloys or coatings are welded, soldered, brazed,
ground, “flame-cut,” or otherwise heated during fabrication,
4. Ordering Information
adequateventilationmustbeprovidedtomaintainoccupational
4.1 Orders for cadmium under this specification shall in-
cadmium exposure below the OSHA Permissible Exposure
clude the following information:
Level (PEL).
4.1.1 ASTM designation,
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1.2 Quantity (weight),
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1), and
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1.4 Shape and size (Section 7).
and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Materials and Manufacture
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 The cadmium shall be furnished in commercial standard
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
forms or shapes requested by purchaser.
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
6. Chemical Requirements
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
6.1 The cadmium supplied shall conform to the require-
safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of
ments of Table 1 for one of the three grades.
regulatory limitations prior to use.
7. Shape and Size
2. Referenced Documents
7.1 Various forms and sizes of commercially available
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cadmium are:
Form Shape and Size
Ball Spherical, about 2 in. diameter
1 1 3 1
Stick Bar, about 9 3 ⁄2 3 ⁄8 in. or stick about 9 3 ⁄2 in. in diameter.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
Slab Plate or bar, varying in weight from about 20 to 60 lb
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium.
7.2 Cadmium may be ordered in other shapes and sizes as
Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originally
mutually agreed.
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as B440 – 00 (2005).
DOI: 10.1520/B0440-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
8. Workmanship, Finish andAppearance
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
8.1 Thesuppliershallusecaretohavethequalityofeachlot
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. of cadmium as uniform as possible.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B440 – 11
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
methods,thesamplingprocedureshallbeagreeduponbetween
the manufacturer or seller and purchaser. The method of 9.1
NOTE 1—With the mutual agreement of the buyer and seller, chemical
offers many advantages.
limits for Tin, Silver, Antimony, Arsenic, and Mercury may also be
assigned to the grades 99.95 and 99.99 Cd. 9.5 Aspectsofsamplingandsamplepreparationnotcovered
specifically in this specification shall be carried out in accor-
Element Grade
B
(UNS)
dance with Practice E88.
99.95 Cd 99.99 Cd 99.995 Cd
10. Method of Chem
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:B440–00(Reapproved2005) Designation: B440 – 11
Standard Specification for
1
Cadmium
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B440; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form.
1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3
1.2 Toxicity—Warning: Soluble and respirable forms of cadmium may be harmful to human health and the environment in
certain forms and concentrations. Therefore, ingestion and inhalation of cadmium should be controlled under the appropriate
regulations of the U.S. Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA). Cadmium-containing alloys and coatings should
not be used on articles that will contact food or beverages, or for dental and other equipment that is normally inserted in the mouth.
Similarly, if articles using cadmium-containing alloys or coatings are welded, soldered, brazed, ground, “flame-cut,” or otherwise
heated during fabrication, adequate ventilation must be provided to maintain occupational cadmium exposure below the OSHA
Permissible Exposure Level (PEL).
1.4
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
E396 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cadmium
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
3. Terminology
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology B899.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for cadmium under this specification shall include the following information:
4.1.1 ASTM designation,
4.1.2 Quantity (weight),
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1), and
4.1.4 Shape and size (Section 7).
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 The cadmium shall be furnished in commercial standard forms or shapes requested by purchaser.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals andAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.04 on Zinc
and Cadmium.
Current edition approved Nov.May 1, 2005.2011. Published February 2006.May 2011. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20002005 as
B440 – 00 (2005). DOI: 10.1520/B0440-00R05.10.1520/B0440-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B440 – 11
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
NOTE 1—With the mutual agreement of the buyer and seller, chemical
limits for Tin, Silver, Antimony, Arsenic, and Mercury may also be
assigned to the grades 99.95 and 99.99 Cd.
Element Grade
B
(UNS)
99.95 Cd 99.99 Cd 99.995 Cd
(L01951) (L01971) (L01981)
A
Cadmium, min. 99.95 % 99.99 % 99.995 %
Iron, max. ppm . 10 5
Copper, max. ppm 150 20 5
Nickel, max. ppm . 10 5
Lead, max. ppm 250 100 20
Zinc, max. ppm 350 30 5
Thallium, max. ppm 35 35 5
Tin, max. ppm . . 1
Silver, max. ppm . . 1
Antimony, max. ppm . . 0.1
Arsenic, max. ppm . . 1
Mercury, max. ppm . . 0.1
A
Determined by difference.
B
UNS designations were established in accordance with Pr
...