ASTM D6055-96(2014)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are designed for use in most cases with the actual equipment to be used in load handling.
4.2 These test methods may be used in evaluating the shipping unit as to suitability for mechanical handling by standard user-specified load-handling equipment.
4.3 These test methods will allow the user to determine integrity and stability of the load as well as provide guidance to improve the design of the unit load where deficiencies are found.
4.4 Damage to products or packages observed during testing may be expected to correlate at least in a qualitative way to damage observed in actual distribution handling systems.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are suitable for testing the integrity of unitized loads and large cases and crates, but not individual drums or palletized drums, as well as the ability of the contents to endure normal handling, using standard mechanical handling equipment. Not all of the test methods are applicable to all products containers and loads. These test methods are applicable to common means of material handling, including pull pack, clamp truck, and spade lift-type handling equipment as follows:
1.1.1 Test Method A——Fork Truck Handling—For testing the ability of the shipping unit to withstand repeated handlings by this test method.
1.1.2 Test Method B—Spade Lift Test—For lifting by spade lift attachment to determine the ability of the handling flap of the case or shipping unit to withstand repeated lifting and handling by this test method.
1.1.3 Test Method C—Clamp Handling Test—For lifting by hydraulic clamp attachment, to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand squeeze clamp handling consisting of repeated side compression and lifting.
1.1.4 Test Method D—Push-Pull Handling Test—For testing the ability of a unitized load on a slip-sheet to withstand repeated handling by this test method.
1.1.5 Test Method E—Grabhook Test—For lifting by grabhooks to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand the horizontal pressures of grabhooks.
1.1.6 Test Method F—Sling Tests—For lifting by wire rope, cable, or woven fiber slings to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand the compression of slings.
1.2 Additional Test Methods:
1.2.1 Additional test methods that apply to mechanical handling and rough handling tests of unitized loads and large cases and crates include incline impact tests, described in Test Method D880; horizontal impact tests, described in Test Method D4003.
1.2.2 Practice D4169 provides a series of options for selecting and running performance tests on all types of shipping containers and systems.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D6055 − 96 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Methods for
Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping
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Cases and Crates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6055; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.2.2 Practice D4169 provides a series of options for select-
ing and running performance tests on all types of shipping
1.1 These test methods are suitable for testing the integrity
containers and systems.
of unitized loads and large cases and crates, but not individual
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
drums or palletized drums, as well as the ability of the contents
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to endure normal handling, using standard mechanical han-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
dling equipment. Not all of the test methods are applicable to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
all products containers and loads. These test methods are
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
applicable to common means of material handling, including
pull pack, clamp truck, and spade lift-type handling equipment
2. Referenced Documents
as follows:
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1.1 Test Method A——Fork Truck Handling—For testing
the ability of the shipping unit to withstand repeated handlings D880 Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Contain-
ers and Systems
by this test method.
1.1.2 Test Method B—Spade Lift Test—For lifting by spade D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
ments
lift attachment to determine the ability of the handling flap of
the case or shipping unit to withstand repeated lifting and D4003 Test Methods for Programmable Horizontal Impact
Test for Shipping Containers and Systems
handling by this test method.
1.1.3 Test Method C—Clamp Handling Test—For lifting by D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
tainers and Systems
hydraulic clamp attachment, to determine the ability of the
shipping unit to withstand squeeze clamp handling consisting D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
Packaging Components for Testing
of repeated side compression and lifting.
1.1.4 Test Method D—Push-Pull Handling Test—Fortesting
3. Terminology
the ability of a unitized load on a slip-sheet to withstand
repeated handling by this test method. 3.1 Definitions—General terms in these test methods are
1.1.5 Test Method E—Grabhook Test—For lifting by grab- defined in Terminology D996.
hooks to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the horizontal pressures of grabhooks.
3.2.1 clamp lift attachment—a lift truck attachment used for
1.1.6 Test Method F—Sling Tests—For lifting by wire rope,
clamp handling products packaged in flat-sided packages.
cable, or woven fiber slings to determine the ability of the
3.2.2 forklift attachment—a lift truck attachment used to
shipping unit to withstand the compression of slings.
handle large unitized or palletized loads.
1.2 Additional Test Methods:
3.2.3 large shipping case or crate—shipping container con-
1.2.1 Additional test methods that apply to mechanical
structed of any material and of such size and weight to require
handling and rough handling tests of unitized loads and large
mechanical handling. A case or crate of this type may weigh
cases and crates include incline impact tests, described in Test
from 100 lb (45 kg), up to many tons and measure proportion-
Method D880; horizontal impact tests, described in Test
ately. The case or crate may be secured to or carried by a base
Method D4003.
or pallet. Frame members may be provided for rigidity
throughout the container.
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These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
Packaging and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping
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Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published April 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6055 – 96 (2007) . Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D6055-96R14. the ASTM website.
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D6055 − 96 (2014)
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