ASTM D3322-82(2017)

Standard Practice for Testing Primers and Primer Surfacers Over Preformed Metal

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Primers and primer surfacers may be used over many different surfaces top coated with one or more of a variety of coatings and subjected to many kinds of wear and exposure.  
4.2 The selection of the tests to be used for any given product or system must be governed by experience and by the requirement agreed upon between the producer and the user.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the selection and use of procedures for testing primers and primer surfacers. The test methods included are listed in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Test Methods    
Property  
Section  
ASTM Method  
Federal Test
Method Specification No. 141B  
Abrasion resistance:  
Air blast abrasion tester
Falling sand method  
6.2
6.2  
D658
D968  
...
6191  
Adhesion:  
Scrape adhesion  
6.3  
D2197  
6303.1  
Parallel-groove adhesion  
6.3  
D2197  
6302.1  
Tape adhesion  
6.3  
D3359  
...  
Chemical resistance:  
Household chemical resistance  
6.4.2  
D1308  
...  
Detergent resistance  
6.4.3  
D2248  
Hydrocarbon resistance  
6.4.4  
...  
6011  
Chip resistance  
6.5  
D3170  
...  
Color difference:  
Visual evaluation
Instrumental evaluation  
6.6
6.6  
D1729
D2244  
4249.1
6123  
Cracking resistance  
6.7  
D2246  
...  
Elongation:  
Conical mandrel
Cylindrical mandrel  
6.8
6.8  
D522
D1737  
...
...  
Filiform corrosion  
6.9  
D2803  
...  
Gloss  
6.10  
D523  
6101  
Hardness  
6.11  
D1474  
...  
Holdout  
6.12  
C540  
...  
Mildew resistance  
6.13  
...  
6271.1  
Outdoor exposure:  
Blistering  
6.14.2  
D714  
6461  
Cracking  
6.14.2  
D661  
6471  
Rusting  
6.14.2  
D610  
6451  
Checking  
6.14.2  
D660  
6421  
Print resistance  
6.15  
D2091  
...  
Salt spray resistance  
6.16  
B117  
6061  
Sanding properties  
6.17  
...  
6321  
Water resistance:  
High humidity
Water immersion  
6.18.2
6.18.3  
D1735
D870  
...
...  
Weldability  
6.19  
...  
A(A) U.S. Military Specification MIL-P-46105 (MR).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2017
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.55 - Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3322 − 82 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Practice for
Testing Primers and Primer Surfacers Over Preformed
Metal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
1.1 This practice covers the selection and use of procedures
Related Coating Products
for testing primers and primer surfacers. The test methods
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted
included are listed in Table 1.
Steel Surfaces
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D658 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Coatings by Air Blast Abrasive (Withdrawn 1996)
only.
D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the Exterior Paints
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D661 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Exterior Paints
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Paints
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D870 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- Using Water Immersion
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. Coatings by Falling Abrasive
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
2. Referenced Documents
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
C540 Test Method for Image Gloss of Porcelain Enamel a Ferrous Base (Withdrawn 2006)
Surfaces (Withdrawn 1989) D1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on
D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Clear and Pigmented Organic Finishes
Applications D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
D522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
Organic Coatings Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss D1474 Test Methods for Indentation Hardness of Organic
Coatings
D1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
of Organic Coatings
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products. D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3322 – 82 (2011).
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and
DOI: 10.1520/D3322-82R17.
Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
D1731 Practices for Preparation of Hot-Dip Aluminum Sur-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
faces for Painting
the ASTM website.
3 D1732 Practices for Preparation of Magnesium Alloy Sur-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. faces for Painting
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3322 − 82 (2017)
TABLE 1 Test Methods
D1733 Method for Preparation of Aluminum Alloy Panels
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products Federal Test
ASTM Method
(Withdrawn 1979)
Property Section
Method Specification
D1735 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings
No. 141B
Using Water Fog Apparatus
Abrasion resistance:
D1737 Method of Test for Elongation of Attached Organic Air blast abrasion tester 6.2 D658 .
Falling sand method 6.2 D968 6191
Coatings with Cylindrical Mandrel Apparatus (Withdrawn
Adhesion:
1988)
Scrape adhesion 6.3 D2197 6303.1
Parallel-groove adhesion 6.3 D2197 6302.1
D2091 Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers
Tape adhesion 6.3 D3359 .
D2092 Guide for Preparation of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized)
Chemical resistance:
Steel Surfaces for Painting (Withdrawn 2008)
Household chemical resistance 6.4.2 D1308 .
Detergent resistance 6.4.3 D2248
D2197 Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings by
Hydrocarbon resistance 6.4.4 . 6011
Scrape Adhesion
Chip resistance 6.5 D3170 .
D2201 Practice for Preparation of Zinc-Coated and Zinc-
Color difference:
Alloy-Coated Steel Panels for Testing Paint and Related Visual evaluation 6.6 D1729 4249.1
Instrumental evaluation 6.6 D2244 6123
Coating Products
Cracking resistance 6.7 D2246 .
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
Elongation:
Conical mandrel 6.8 D522 .
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
Cylindrical mandrel 6.8 D1737 .
Coordinates
Filiform corrosion 6.9 D2803 .
D2246 Test Method for Finishes on Primed Metallic Sub-
Gloss 6.10 D523 6101
Hardness 6.11 D1474 .
strates for Humidity-Thermal Cycle Cracking (Withdrawn
Holdout 6.12 C540 .
1992)
Mildew resistance 6.13 . 6271.1
D2248 Practice for Detergent Resistance of Organic Finishes
Outdoor exposure:
Blistering 6.14.2 D714 6461
D2454 Practice for Determining the Effect of Overbaking on
Cracking 6.14.2 D661 6471
Organic Coatings
Rusting 6.14.2 D610 6451
D2803 Guide for Testing Filiform Corrosion Resistance of
Checking 6.14.2 D660 6421
Print resistance 6.15 D2091 .
Organic Coatings on Metal
Salt spray resistance 6.16 B117 6061
D3170 Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
Sanding properties 6.17 . 6321
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
Water resistance:
High humidity 6.18.2 D1735 .
D3456 Practice for Determining by Exterior Exposure Tests
Water immersion 6.18.3 D870 .
the Susceptibility of Paint Films to Microbiological Attack
A
Weldability 6.19 .
2.2 Federal Test Methods:
A
U.S. Military Specification MIL-P-46105 (MR).
141B/6011 Immersion Resistance
41B/6271.1 Mildew Resistance
141B/6321 Sanding Characteristics
5. Panel Preparation
2.3 U. S. Military Specification:
5.1 Treatment of Substrate—Preparation of test panels
MIL-P-46105 Primer Coating, Weld-Through, Zinc-Rich
should include any cleaning treatment agreed upon between the
purchaser and the seller or one of the following ASTM
3. Terminology
Practices: D609, D1730, D1731, D1732, D2201; Guide
3.1 Definitions:
D2092; and Method D1733.
3.1.1 primer, n—the first of two or more coats of paint,
5.2 Substrate, Film Thickness, and Application Means—
varnish, or lacquer system (same as in Terminology D16).
Conduct performance tests on the specified substrate on
3.1.2 primer surfacer, n—a pigmented coating for filling
coatings having a film thickness agreed upon between the
minor irregularities which is sanded to obtain a smooth
purchaser and the seller. Primers are generally applied to a dry
uniform surface preparatory to applying finish coats. A primer
film thickness of 8 to 38 µm (0.3 to 1.5 mil) and primer
surfacer is not usually applied over a primer.
surfacers to film thickness of 17 to 50 µm (0.7 to 2.0 mil).
Unless otherwise agreed upon, apply primers and primer
4. Significance and Use
surfacers in accordance with Practices D823.
4.1 Primers and primer surfacers may be used over many
5.3 Measurement of Film Thickness—Since the properties of
different surfaces top coated with one or more of a variety of
the primer or primer surfacer can vary considerably with the
coatings and subjected to many kinds of wear and exposure.
thickness of the coating, it is important to know the film
4.2 The selection of the tests to be used for any given
thickness. Measure the film thickness in accordance with Test
product or system must be governed by experience and by the
Methods D1400, D1005, or D1186.
requirement agreed upon between the producer and the user.
5.4 Drying of Primer or Primer Surfacer:
5.4.1 Before tests are run, air dry or bake the primer or
4 primer surfacer according to the schedule and temperature and
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil. age as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
D3322 − 82 (2017)
5.4.2 Overbake the primer or primer surfacer to determine surfacers may be determined using visual evaluating tech-
the time/temperature effect on the physical and chemical niques or by instrumental means. Determine color differences
properties. Do this in accordance with Practice D2454. visually using Practice D1729. Determine color differences
5.4.3 It may be desirable for some reason (handling, instrumentally using Practice D2244.
stacking, etc.) to determine the various stages and rates of film
6.7 Cracking Resistance—A test for resistance to tempera-
formation in the drying or curing of primers and primer
ture and humidity changes, or a cold cracking test as it is
surfacers at room temperatures. Do this as described in Test
sometimes called, is designed to give an indi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3322 − 82 (Reapproved 2011) D3322 − 82 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Practice for
Testing Primers and Primer Surfacers Over Preformed
Metal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the selection and use of procedures for testing primers and primer surfacers. The test methods included
are listed in Table 1.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
C540 Test Method for Image Gloss of Porcelain Enamel Surfaces (Withdrawn 1989)
D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
D522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic Coatings
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating
Products
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel Surfaces
D658 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Air Blast Abrasive (Withdrawn 1996)
D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of Exterior Paints
D661 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking of Exterior Paints
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D870 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Immersion
D968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to a Ferrous
Base (Withdrawn 2006)
D1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Clear and Pigmented Organic Finishes
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
D1474 Test Methods for Indentation Hardness of Organic Coatings
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011June 1, 2017. Published June 2011June 2017. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
D3322 – 82 (2005).(2011). DOI: 10.1520/D3322-82R11.10.1520/D3322-82R17.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3322 − 82 (2017)
D1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
D1731 Practices for Preparation of Hot-Dip Aluminum Surfaces for Painting
D1732 Practices for Preparation of Magnesium Alloy Surfaces for Painting
D1733 Method for Preparation of Aluminum Alloy Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products (Withdrawn
1979)
D1735 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Fog Apparatus
D1737 Method of Test for Elongation of Attached Organic Coatings with Cylindrical Mandrel Apparatus (Withdrawn 1988)
D2091 Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers
D2092 Guide for Preparation of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for Painting (Withdrawn 2008)
D2197 Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings by Scrape Adhesion
D2201 Practice for Preparation of Zinc-Coated and Zinc-Alloy-Coated Steel Panels for Testing Paint and Related Coating
Products
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D2246 Test Method for Finishes on Primed Metallic Substrates for Humidity-Thermal Cycle Cracking (Withdrawn 1992)
D2248 Practice for Detergent Resistance of Organic Finishes
D2454 Practice for Determining the Effect of Overbaking on Organic Coatings
D2803 Guide for Testing Filiform Corrosion Resistance of Organic Coatings on Metal
D3170 Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
D3456 Practice for Determining by Exterior Exposure Tests the Susceptibility of Paint Films to Microbiological Attack
2.2 Federal Test Methods:
141B/6011 Immersion Resistance
141B/6271.141B/6271.1 Mildew Resistance
41B/6321141B/6321 Sanding Characteristics
2.3 U. S. Military Specification:
MIL-P-46105 Primer Coating, Weld-Through, Zinc-Rich
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 primer, n—the first of two or more coats of paint, varnish, or lacquer system (same as in Terminology D16).
3.1.2 primer surfacer, n—a pigmented coating for filling minor irregularities which is sanded to obtain a smooth uniform surface
preparatory to applying finish coats. A primer surfacer is not usually applied over a primer.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Primers and primer surfacers may be used over many different surfaces top coated with one or more of a variety of coatings
and subjected to many kinds of wear and exposure.
4.2 The selection of the tests to be used for any given product or system must be governed by experience and by the requirement
agreed upon between the producer and the user.
5. Panel Preparation
5.1 Treatment of Substrate—Preparation of test panels should include any cleaning treatment agreed upon between the purchaser
and the seller or one of the following ASTM Practices: D609, D1730, D1731, D1732, D2201; Guide D2092; and Method D1733.
5.2 Substrate, Film Thickness, and Application Means—Conduct performance tests on the specified substrate on coatings having
a film thickness agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller. Primers are generally applied to a dry film thickness of 8 to
38 μm (0.3 to 1.5 mil) and primer surfacers to film thickness of 17 to 50 μm (0.7 to 2.0 mil). Unless otherwise agreed upon, apply
primers and primer surfacers in accordance with Practices D823.
5.3 Measurement of Film Thickness—Since the properties of the primer or primer surfacer can vary considerably with the
thickness of the coating, it is important to know the film thickness. Measure the film thickness in accordance with Test Methods
D1400, D1005, or D1186.
5.4 Drying of Primer or Primer Surfacer:
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA
19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.dla.mil.19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
D3322 − 82 (2017)
TABLE 1 Test Methods
Federal Test
ASTM Method
Property Section
Method Specification
No. 141B
Abrasion resistance:
Air blast abrasion tester 6.2 D658 .
Falling sand method 6.2 D968 6191
Adhesion:
Scrape adhesion 6.3 D2197 6303.1
Parallel-groove adhesion 6.3 D2197 6302.1
Tape adhesion 6.3 D3359 .
Chemical resistance:
Household chemical resistance 6.4.2 D1308 .
Detergent resistance 6.4.3 D2248
Hydrocarbon resistance 6.4.4 . 6011
Chip resistance 6.5 D3170 .
Color difference:
Visual evaluation 6.6 D1729 4249.1
Instrumental evaluation 6.6 D2244 6123
Cracking resistance 6.7 D2246 .
Elongation:
Conical mandrel 6.8 D522 .
Cylindrical mandrel 6.8 D1737 .
Filiform corrosion 6.9 D2803 .
Gloss 6.10 D523 6101
Hardness 6.11 D1474 .
Holdout 6.12 C540 .
Mildew resistance 6.13 . 6271.1
Outdoor exposure:
Blistering 6.14.2 D714 6461
Cracking 6.14.2 D661 6471
Rusting 6.14.2 D610 6451
Checking 6.14.2 D660 6421
Print resistance 6.15 D2091 .
Salt spray resistance 6.16 B117 6061
Sanding properties 6.17 . 6321
Water resistance:
High humidity 6.18.2 D1735 .
Water immersion 6.18.3 D870 .
A
Weldability 6.19 .
A
U.S. Military Specification MIL-P-46105 (MR).
5.4.1 Before tests are run, air dry or bake the primer or primer surfacer according to the schedule and temperature and age as
agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
5.4.2 Overbake the primer or primer surfacer to determine the time/temperature effect on the physical and chemical properties.
Do this in accordance with Practice D2454.
5.4.3 It may be desirable for some reason (handling, stacking, etc.) to determine the various stages and rates of film formation
in the drying or curing of primers and primer surfacers at room temperatures. Do this as described in Test Method D1640.
6. Physical Properties of The Dry Film
6.1 Primers and primer surfacers are usually (but not always) topcoated. Therefore, many of the following tests sh
...