ASTM D4293-83(2003)

Standard Specification for Phosphate Ester Based Fluids for Turbine Lubrication

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for phosphate ester based fire resistant fluids for use in turbine lubrication. Only unused fluid is defined before it is installed in the turbine while fluids used in electrohydraulic control (EHC) systems is not. The use of this type of fluid is restricted to turbine systems that have been designed or modified to accommodate phosphate ester lubricants. Fire tests shall be performed which measure and describe the properties of the phosphate esters in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be considered or used for the description or appraisal of the fire hazard of the fluids under actual fire conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for phosphate ester based fire resistant fluids for use in turbine lubrication.
1.2 The specification defines only unused fluid before it is installed in the turbine. It is not intended for fluids used in electrohydraulic control (EHC) systems.
1.3 The use of this type of fluid is restricted to turbine systems that have been designed or modified to accommodate phosphate ester lubricants.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to Sections 5 and 5.3. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-2003
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.N0.06 - Fire Resistant Fluids

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4293-83(1998) - Standard Specification for Phosphate Ester Based Fluids for Turbine Lubrication
• Effective Date: 10-May-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM D4293-83(2008) - Standard Specification for Phosphate Ester Based Fluids for Turbine Lubrication
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D8323-20 - Standard Guide for Management of In-Service Phosphate Ester-based Fluids for Steam Turbine Electro-Hydraulic Control (EHC) Systems
• Effective Date: 10-May-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D4304-22 - Standard Specification for Mineral and Synthetic Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
• Effective Date: 10-May-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D8506-23 - Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination and Biodeterioration in Turbine Oils and Turbine Oil Systems
• Effective Date: 10-May-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 4293 – 83 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Specification for
Phosphate Ester Based Fluids for Turbine Lubrication
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4293; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Federal Test Method Standard:
791B, Method 5308 Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for phosphate
of Light Oils (Metal Strip)
ester based fire resistant fluids for use in turbine lubrication.
2.3 SAE Specification:
1.2 The specification defines only unused fluid before it is
SAE Aeronautical Material Specification (AMS) 3150C
installed in the turbine. It is not intended for fluids used in
Hot Manifold and High Temperature Ignition Flammabil-
electrohydraulic control (EHC) systems.
ity Tests
1.3 The use of this type of fluid is restricted to turbine
systems that have been designed or modified to accommodate
3. Functional Property Requirements
phosphate ester lubricants.
3.1 Requirements for ISO viscosity grades 32 and 46
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to
phosphate ester based fire resistant fluids are shown in Table 1.
Sections 5 and 5.3. This standard does not purport to address
3.2 The choice of viscosity grade for use in a particular
all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
turbine should comply with the turbine manufacturer’s recom-
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
mendation.
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
3.3 The autoignition temperature property for phosphate
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
esters, although important to turbine manufacturers and to fluid
2. Referenced Documents users, is not listed because there is no published procedure in
the ASTM manual.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
4. Significance and Use
Open Cup Tester
4.1 This is a specification to define the requirements of fire
D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
resistant fluids for use in turbine lubrication. This specification
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
defines phosphate ester fluids which will give satisfactory
and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic
2 lubrication performance in a turbine engine. However, it is
Viscosity)
possible that phosphate esters that do not meet this specifica-
D 665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
2 tion may give adequate performance in the field.
Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
4.2 Fire resistant fluids are more difficult to ignite and show
D 892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubri-
2 little tendency to propagate a flame. The term “fire resistant
cating Oils
fluid” does not mean that the fluid will not burn.
D 974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
2 4.3 The normal fluid operating temperature will be in the
Indicator Titration
range of 54 to 65°C and will experience a maximum tempera-
D 1744 Test Method for Water in Liquid Petroleum Prod-
3 ture of about 93°C during flow across the turbine bearings
ucts by Karl Fischer Reagent
whose housing temperature may be as high as 343°C.
D 2619 Test Method for Hydrolytic Stability of Hydraulic
Fluids (Beverage Bottle Method)
5. Safety Precautions
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
4 5.1 The fire tests are used to measure and describe the
Petroleum Products
properties of the phosphate esters in response to heat and flame
under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be
considered or used for the description or appraisal of the fire
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
hazard of the fluids under actual fire conditions.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.N0 on Turbine Oils.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published August 2003. Originally
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 4293–83 (1998). Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098
3 6
Discontinued. See 1999 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers
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