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ASTM D4475-02

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced Plastic Rods By The Short-Beam Method

Standard Test Method for Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced Plastic Rods By The Short-Beam Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Apparent shear strength determined by this test method is useful for quality control and specification purposes. It is also applicable to research and development programs concerned with interlaminar-shear strength. The apparent shear strength obtained by this test method cannot be used for design purposes, but can be utilized for comparative testing of composite materials, if all failures are in horizontal shear.
It is recommended that control samples be fabricated with each research test series and that care be used to compare each set of controls with corresponding test series run at different times.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the apparent horizontal shear strength of fiber reinforced plastic rods. The specimen is a short beam in the form of lengths of pultruded rods. This test method is applicable to all types of parallel-fiber-reinforced plastic rod samples.  
1.2 This test method is primarily used for quality control and specification purposes (see 4.1).  
1.3 The values states in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-2002
ICS
83.120 - Reinforced plastics
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.18 - Reinforced Thermosetting Plastics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4475-96 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced Plastic Rods By The Short-Beam Method
Effective Date
10-Mar-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D4475-02(2008) - Standard Test Method for Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced Plastic Rods By the Short-Beam Method
Effective Date
01-Mar-2008
Referred By
ASTM D7745-19 - Standard Practice for Testing Pultruded Composites
Effective Date
10-Mar-2002
Referred By
ASTM D8505/D8505M-23 - Standard Specification for Basalt and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Effective Date
10-Mar-2002

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ASTM D4475-02 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced Plastic Rods By The Short-Beam MethodASTM D4475-02 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced Plastic Rods By The Short-Beam Method
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ASTM D4475-02 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced Plastic Rods By The Short-Beam Method
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4475 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced
1
Plastic Rods By the Short-Beam Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4475; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the appar-
ent horizontal shear strength of fiber reinforced plastic rods.
The specimen is a short beam in the form of lengths of
pultruded rods. This test method is applicable to all types of
parallel-fiber-reinforced plastic rod samples.
1.2 This test method is primarily used for quality control
and specification purposes (see 4.1).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
FIG. 1 Test Assembly
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
4. Significance and Use
3. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Apparent shear strength determined by this test method
3.1 The horizontal-shear test specimen is center-loaded as
is useful for quality control and specification purposes. It is
shown in Fig. 1. The ends of the specimens rest on two
also applicable to research and development programs con-
supports that allow the specimen to bend, the load being
cerned with interlaminar-shear strength. The apparent shear
applied by means of a loading nose at midpoint along the
strength obtained by this test method cannot be used for design
support span, as shown in Fig. 2.
purposes, but can be utilized for comparative testing of
3.2 The specimen is deflected until a shear failure occurs at
composite materials, if all failures are in horizontal shear.
the midplane of the horizontally supported rod.
4.2 It is recommended that control samples be fabricated
with each research test series and that care be used to compare
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
each set of controls with corresponding test series run at
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermoset-
different times.
ting Plastics.
Current edition approved March 10, 2002. Published May 2002. Originally
5. Apparatus
published as D 4475 – 85. Last previous edition D 4475 – 96.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1 Testing Machine—A properly calibrated testing ma-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
chine that can be operated at a constant rate of crosshead
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. motion, and in which the error in the load measuring system
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4475–02
6.2 NumberofSpecimens—Thenumberoftestspecimensis
optional. However, a minimum of five specimens is required to
obtain a satisfactory average and standard deviation.
7. Conditioning
7.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 23 6
2°C(73.4 63.6°F)and50 65 %relativehumidityfornotless
than 40 h prior to test, in accordance with Procedure A of
Practice D 618 for those tests where conditioning is required.
In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61°C
(61.8°F) and 62 % relative humidity. These conditions are
recommended for research and development trials, but not
necessarily for quality control. However, temperature control
to 22.2 6 5.6°C (72 6 10°F) is recommended for quality
control.
FIG. 2 Span Configuration for 3D Span. Span. May Also Be 4D,
7.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the standard labora-
5D, or 6D, as Required to Achieve Shear Mode of Failure
tory atmosphere of 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50 6 5%
relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth-
shall not exceed 61 % of the maximum load expected to be
ods. In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61°C
measured. The load-indicating mechanism shall be essentially
(61.8°F) and 62 % relative humidity.
...

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4.1 The results obtained by this practice shall serve as a guide in, but not as the sole basis for, selection of a thermosetting resin used in an RTP structure. No attempt has been made to incorporate into the practice all the various factors that will potentially affect the serviceability of an RTP structure when subjected to chemical environments. These factors will potentially include stress, different resin-to-glass ratios, and multiple veils.
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