ASTM D3279-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for n-Heptane Insolubles
Standard Test Method for <emph type="ital">n</emph>-Heptane Insolubles
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is useful in quantifying the asphaltene content of petroleum asphalts, gas oils, heavy fuel oils, and crude petroleum. Asphaltene content is defined as those components not soluble in n-heptane.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the mass percent of asphaltenes as defined by insolubility in normal-heptane solvent. It is applicable to all solid and semi-solid petroleum asphalts containing little or no mineral matter, to gas oils, to heavy fuel oils, and to crude petroleum that has been topped to a cut-point of 343 °C or higher.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for a specific hazard statement.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3279 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
n-Heptane Insolubles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The sample is dispersed in n-heptane and filtered
1.1 This test method covers determination of the mass
percent of asphaltenes as defined by insolubility in normal- through a glass-fiber pad. The insoluble material is washed,
dried, and weighed.
heptane solvent. It is applicable to all solid and semi-solid
petroleumasphaltscontaininglittleornomineralmatter,togas
oils, to heavy fuel oils, and to crude petroleum that has been 4. Significance and Use
topped to a cut-point of 343°C or higher.
4.1 This test method is useful in quantifying the asphaltene
content of petroleum asphalts, gas oils, heavy fuel oils, and
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
crude petroleum. Asphaltene content is defined as those com-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
ponents not soluble in n-heptane.
standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
5. Apparatus and Materials
which provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes
5.1 Theassemblyofthedispersingapparatusisillustratedin
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
Fig. 1 with details of the component parts as follows:
as requirements of the standard.
5.1.1 Erlenmeyer Flask, of 250-mL capacity adapted to an
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Allihn-type reflux condenser.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1.2 Magnetic Stirrer and Magnetic-Stirrer Hot Plate.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1.3 Bitumen Crucible or Gooch Crucible, glazed inside
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
and outside with the exception of the outside bottom surface.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The approximate dimensions shall be a diameter of 44 mm at
See Section 7 for a specific hazard statement.
the top tapering to 36 mm at the bottom and a depth of 20 to
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
30mm.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1.4 Glass Microfiber Filter Pad,32to34mmindiameter,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
fine porosity, fast flow rate, 1.5-µm particle retention.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 5.1.5 Filter Flask, heavy-wall with side tube, 500-mL
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. capacity.
5.1.6 Filter Tube, 40 to 42 mm in inside diameter.
2. Referenced Documents
5.1.7 Rubber Tubing, or adapter for holding Gooch crucible
2
on the filter tube.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C670Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
NOTE 1—Other suitable assemblies permitting vacuum filtration with a
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
crucible may be used.
5.1.8 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 110 6
5°C.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
5.1.9 Desicator, of suitable size, charged with an effective
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.47 on
desiccant.
Miscellaneous Asphalt Tests.
Current edition approved June 15, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally
5.1.10 Balance, capable of making the required measure-
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3279–12. DOI:
ments to an accuracy of at least 0.0001 g.
10.1520/D3279-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6. Reagent
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 6.1 n-Heptane, 99.0 minimum mol% (pure grade).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D3279 − 19
7. Hazards To aid in filtration, slightly warm the flask containing the
sample plus solvent on the hot plate and pour its contents
7.1 n-Heptane has a boiling point of 98°C and a flash point
(exceptforthemagneticstirrer)throughthefilterusingagentle
of −1°C, which means that it should be handled with care. It
vacuum. Filtration will proceed m
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D3279 − 12 D3279 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
n-Heptane Insolubles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Section 8.1 was editorially corrected in March 2016.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers determination of the mass percent of asphaltenes as defined by insolubility in normal-heptane
solvent. It is applicable to all solid and semi-solid petroleum asphalts containing little or no mineral matter, to gas oils, to heavy
fuel oils, and to crude petroleum that has been topped to a cut-point of 343°C343 °C or higher.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for a specific hazard statement.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The sample is dispersed in n-heptane and filtered through a glass-fiber pad. The insoluble material is washed, dried, and
weighed.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is useful in quantifying the asphaltene content of petroleum asphalts, gas oils, heavy fuel oils, and crude
petroleum. Asphaltene content is defined as those components not soluble in n-heptane.
5. Apparatus and Materials
5.1 The assembly of the dispersing apparatus is illustrated in Fig. 1 with details of the component parts as follows:
5.1.1 Erlenmeyer Flask, of 250-mL capacity adapted to an Allihn-type reflux condenser.
5.1.2 Magnetic Stirrer and Magnetic-Stirrer Hot PlatePlate.
5.1.3 Bitumen Crucible or Gooch Crucible, glazed inside and outside with the exception of the outside bottom surface. The
approximate dimensions shall be a diameter of 44 mm at the top tapering to 36 mm at the bottom and a depth of 20–30 mm.20
to 30 mm.
5.1.4 Glass Microfiber Filter Pad, 32–34 32 to 34 mm in diameter, fine porosity, fast flow rate, 1.5υm1.5-μm particle retention.
5.1.5 Filter Flask, heavy-wall with side tube, 500-mL capacity.
5.1.6 Filter Tube, 40 to 42 mm in inside diameter.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.47 on
Miscellaneous Asphalt Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012June 15, 2019. Published December 2012June 2019. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 as
D3279 – 07.D3279 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/D3279-12E01.10.1520/D3279-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3279 − 19
5.1.7 Rubber Tubing, or adapter for holding Gooch crucible on the filter tube.
NOTE 1—Other suitable assemblies permitting vacuum filtration with a crucible may be used.
5.1.8 Oven, Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 110 6 5ºC.5 °C.
5.1.9 Desicator, of suitable size, charged with an effective desiccant.
5.1.10 Balance, capable of making the required measurements to an accuracy of at least 0.0001 g.
6. Reagent
6.1 n-Heptane, 99.0 minimum mol % (Pure Grade).(pure grad
...
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