ASTM F2276-05
(Specification)Standard Specification for Fitness Equipment
Standard Specification for Fitness Equipment
ABSTRACT
This specification establishes parameters for the design and manufacture of fitness equipment intended for use by individuals age 12 and above. The design and construction requirements for the following are specified: (1) stability, (2) support, (3) edges, corners, and tube ends, and (4) moving parts in accessible areas such as rotating and reciprocating points. The equipment shall meet the guarding, enclosure, and spacing requirements specified for: (1) squeeze, shear, and crush points, (2) adjustment and locking means, (3) handgrips (integral, applied, and rotating) and foot support, (4) load development and transmitting components such as ropes, belts, chains, and other means, and chain or gear drives, and (5) intrinsic, extrinsic, and endurance loading. The documentation shall include the following: assembly instructions, list of equipment parts, operational instructions, and maintenance instructions. Adequate warnings or warning labels alerting users, third parties, and service personnel to hazards associated with use and service of the equipment shall be provided for consumer, commercial, and institutional fitness equipment. The requirements for site-specific labels and user weight restrictions are specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes parameters for the design and manufacture of fitness equipment as defined in 3.1.8.
1.2 It is the intent of this specification to specify products for use by individuals age 12 and above.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
Designation: F 2276 – 05
Standard Specification for
Fitness Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2276; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Thegoalofthisspecificationistopromoteproperdesignandmanufacturingpracticesforstationary
fitness equipment. Through these specifications this standard aims to assist designers and manufac-
turers in producing functional, safe products under proper operations. This standard specifies safety
requirements that are generally applicable to all stationary fitness equipment. For specific types of
fitness equipment, these requirements may be supplemented or modified by the requirements of
specific standards that have been issued to cover these specific types or groups of fitness products.
Where specific standards exist, this standard should be used in conjunction with the other standards.
Special care is required in applying this standard alone to equipment for which no specific standard
exists.
The equipment user must recognize, however, that a standard alone will not necessarily prevent
injuries.Likeotherphysicalactivities,exerciseinvolvingfitnessequipmentinvolvestheriskofinjury,
particularly if the equipment is used improperly.
1. Scope EN 957–1 Stationary Training Equipment-Part 1: General
Safety Requirements and Test Methods
1.1 This specification establishes parameters for the design
and manufacture of fitness equipment as defined in 3.1.8.
3. Terminology
1.2 It is the intent of this specification to specify products
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
for use by individuals age 12 and above.
3.1.1 accessible area, n—area accessible to the user or third
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
party when the equipment is in normal use, during setting up,
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
grasping, or adjusting of equipment or position of the body.
only.
Thisdoesnotincludeareasthatareaccessibleduringtheinitial
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
assembly.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 applied handgrips, n—handgrip that is formed,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
molded, or attached to a support, component, or structure.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.3 consumer fitness equipment, n—fitness equipment in-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tended for use by one person or one family unit.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.4 corner, n—intersection of three planes or surfaces on
a single component.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5 edge, n—intersection of two planes or surfaces on a
F 1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and Fitness
single component.
Facility Safety Signage and Labels
3.1.6 entrapment, n—area that captures and requires force
2.2 European Standards
in excess of one pound to remove the test finger in EN 957-1.
3.1.7 extrinsic loads, n—all loads applied to the machine or
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F08 on Sports
user means in addition to the users body weight.
Equipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.30 on
3.1.8 fitness equipment, n—mechanical device or hardware
Fitness Products.
designed for use in exercising specific or multiple muscles of
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2005. Published January 2005. Originally
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 2276 – 03.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromCENManagementCentre,36ruedeStassart,B-1050,Brussels,
the ASTM website. Belgium.
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F2276–05
the body. Not to include toys used for recreation, jump ropes, 3.1.25 stationary training equipment, n—equipment that is
outdoor or indoor playground equipment or facilities, bicycles used to exercise or to train muscles or muscle groups that does
or other fitness soft goods such as gloves, belts, apparel, balls, not travel or move across the ground as a unit during use.
and so forth.
3.1.26 third party, n—someoneotherthantheuserwhoisin
3.1.9 general warning label, n—label designed within the the immediate area of the fitness equipment when it is in use.
scope of this specification and Specification F 1749 which is
affixedtoaportionofthefitnessequipmentanddrawsattention
4. Design and Construction Requirements
to potential hazards associated with the use of that equipment.
4.1 Stability:
3.1.10 guard, n—cover or enclosure that limits access to,
4.1.1 Fitness equipment shall be stable while in storage,
without the use of tools, an otherwise accessible area.
unloaded, and in the intrinsically and extrinsically loaded use
3.1.11 inaccessible area, n—area inaccessible to the user of
conditions.
the machine but accessible to technicians or service personnel.
4.2 Support:
3.1.12 institutional fitness equipment, n—fitness equipment
4.2.1 Fitness equipment shall support the user and any
intended for use by numerous persons in a commercial or
additional loads applied by the user in normal operation
institutional facility, as opposed to home environment.
without breakage. Examples include: seats, foot rests, back-
3.1.13 intregal handgrips, n—handgrips that are created by,
rests, etc.
coating, texturing or other means, the material of a component
4.3 Edges, Corners, and Tube Ends:
or support structure.
4.3.1 Edges—All edges in accessible areas shall be free of
3.1.14 intrinsic loads, n—the loads applied to fitness equip-
burrs and sharp edges.
ment due only to the users body weight.
4.3.2 Corners—All corners in accessible areas shall be
3.1.15 maximum specified load, n—maximum working load
radiused or chamfered.
for the machine as set by the manufacturer.
4.3.3 Tube Ends—Tubeendsintheexposedaccessibleareas
3.1.16 maximum tension developed, n—maximum static
shall be closed off either by other components or by plugs.
tensile load experienced by a connector, fitting, rope, belt,
Plugs shall remain in place during normal operation and
chain, or other means, during use of the machine at the
storage.
maximumspecifiedloadforthemachineincludingallextrinsic
4.4 Moving Parts in Accessible Areas:
loads.
4.4.1 Rotating and Reciprocating Points—The distance be-
3.1.17 normal operation, n—use of the fitness equipment as
tween movable components or between a movable and a fixed
described in the manual or as is readily apparent from the
component shall be at least 60 mm (2.36 in.) except as follows:
intended use as fitness equipment.
4.4.1.1 Ifonlythefingersareatrisk,thedimensionshallnot
3.1.18 pinch point, n—location between two moving com-
be less than 25 mm (0.98 in.).
ponentsorthelocationbetweenamovingandfixedcomponent
4.4.1.2 If the distance between the moving part and a rigid
that, when entered, causes a portion of the body to become
part, or between two moving parts, does not change during use
entrapped.
or setup, the distance shall be greater than 25 mm (0.98 in.) or
3.1.19 pulley, n— component that guides ropes or belts and
less than 9.5 mm (0.37 in.).
redirects the forces of the rope or belt.
4.4.1.3 Open and obvious stops are excluded. However, if
3.1.20 pull in point, n—location between two moving com-
the stop is physically part of the moving user means, then it
ponents, or the location between a moving and a fixed
shall pass no closer than 25 mm (0.98 in.) to any fixed frame
component, that when entered causes a portion of the body to
members throughout its range of travel.
be pulled into and entrapped between the components.
3.1.21 range of movement, n—space in which the user or
5. Guarding, Enclosures, and Spacing
part of the user is moving when using the machine in
accordance to the instructions supplied by the manufacturer. 5.1 Squeeze, Shear, and Crush Points—Squeeze, shear, and
crush points between moving components, between moving
3.1.22 resistance means, n—for the purpose of this specifi-
components and fixed components, or between a moving
cation, the device or system that, when varied by the user,
component and the floor shall be guarded. If the function of the
increases or decreases the force encountered by the user
fitness equipment does not allow guarding, then the minimum
through the user means. For the purpose of the specification,
clearance shall be 60 mm (2.36 in.) except as follows.
suchmeansincludeweights,pneumaticcylinders,orelectronic
systems and their controls. 5.1.1 Ifonlythefingersareatriskthedimensionshallnotbe
less than 25 mm (0.98 in.).
3.1.23 shear point, n—location at which parts move past
one another or past a fixed point in such a manner that, when 5.1.2 If third party access is prevented by the user’s body
entered, causes a portion of the body to become entrapped in a position, and where the user is able to immediately stop the
scissors action between the components. movement, the distance shall not be less than 25 mm (0.98 in.).
3.1.24 site specific label, n—labeldesignedwithinthescope 5.1.3 Open and obvious stops are excluded. However, if the
of this specification and Specification F 1749 which is affixed stop is physically part of the moving user means, then it shall
to a portion of the strength equipment and draws attention to a pass no closer than 25 mm (0.98 in.) to any fixed frame
potential hazard in the immediate area of the label. members throughout its range of travel.
F2276–05
5.2 Adjustment and Locking Means—All adjustment and
W = the proportionate amount of the user’s body weight
p
locking means shall function securely at all adjustment posi-
being
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