EN ISO 17556:2019

Plastics - Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved (ISO 17556:2019)

This document specifies a method for determining the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved. The method is designed to yield an optimum degree of biodegradation by adjusting the humidity of the test soil.
If a non-adapted soil is used as an inoculum, the test simulates the biodegradation processes which take place in a natural environment; if a pre-exposed soil is used, the method can be used to investigate the potential biodegradability of a test material.
This method applies to the following materials:
—          natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures of these;
—          plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers or colorants;
—          water-soluble polymers.
It does not necessarily apply to materials which, under the test conditions, inhibit the activity of the microorganisms present in the soil. Inhibitory effects can be measured using an inhibition control or by another suitable method. If the test material inhibits the microorganisms in the soil, a lower test material concentration, another type of soil or a pre-exposed soil can be used.

Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der vollständigen aeroben Bioabbaubarkeit von Kunststoffmaterialien im Boden durch Messung des Sauerstoffbedarfs in einem Respirometer oder der Menge des entstandenen Kohlendioxids (ISO 17556:2019)

Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zum Bestimmen der vollständigen aeroben biologischen Abbaubarkeit von Kunststoffmaterialien im Boden durch Messen des Sauerstoffbedarfs in einem geschlossenen Respiro-meter oder durch Messen der Menge des entwickelten Kohlendioxids fest. Das Verfahren ist entwickelt worden, um einen bestmöglichen Grad des biologischen Abbaus durch Einstellen der Feuchtigkeit des Prüfbodens zu erhalten.
Wenn ein nicht angepasster Boden als Inokulum verwendet wird, simuliert die Prüfung den biologischen Abbauprozess, der in einer natürlichen Umgebung abläuft; wird ein vorexponierter Boden verwendet, kann das Verfahren zum Untersuchen der potenziellen biologischen Abbaubarkeit eines Prüfmaterials ange¬wendet werden.
Dieses Verfahren gilt für folgende Materialien:
—   natürliche und/oder künstliche Polymere, Copolymere oder deren Gemische;
—   Kunststoffmaterialien, die Zusatzstoffe wie Weichmacher oder Farbmittel enthalten;
—   wasserlösliche Polymere.
Dieses Verfahren gilt nicht notwendigerweise für Materialien, die unter Prüfbedingungen die Aktivität der im Boden vorhandenen Mikroorganismen beeinträchtigen. Inhibierungseffekte können durch Anwendung eines Inhibierungskontrollversuchs oder durch ein anderes geeignetes Verfahren gemessen werden. Wenn das Prüfmaterial die Mikroorganismen im Boden hemmt, kann eine geringere Konzentration des Prüfmate-rials, ein anderer Bodentyp oder ein vorexponierter Boden eingesetzt werden.

Plastiques - Détermination de la biodégradabilité aérobie ultime des matériaux plastiques dans le sol par mesure de la demande en oxygène dans un respiromètre ou de la teneur en dioxyde de carbone libéré (ISO 17556:2019)

Le présent document spécifie une méthode de détermination de la biodégradabilité aérobie ultime des matériaux plastiques dans le sol en mesurant la demande en oxygène dans un respiromètre fermé ou la quantité de dioxyde de carbone libéré. La méthode est conçue pour produire un taux de biodégradation optimal en ajustant l'humidité du sol d'essai.
Si un sol non modifié est utilisé comme inoculum, l'essai simule les processus de biodégradation qui ont lieu dans un environnement naturel; si un sol pré-exposé est utilisé, la méthode peut être utilisée pour étudier la biodégradabilité potentielle d'un matériau d'essai.
Cette méthode est applicable aux matériaux suivants:
—          polymères, copolymères naturels et/ou synthétiques ou leurs mélanges;
—          matériaux plastiques contenant des additifs tels que plastifiants ou colorants;
—          polymères solubles dans l'eau.
Elle ne s'applique pas nécessairement aux matériaux qui, dans les conditions de l'essai, ont un effet inhibiteur vis-à-vis de l'activité des micro-organismes présents dans le sol. Les effets inhibiteurs peuvent être déterminés au moyen d'un contrôle de l'inhibition ou par une autre méthode appropriée. Si le matériau d'essai a un effet inhibiteur vis-à-vis des micro-organismes présents dans le sol, il est possible d'utiliser une concentration de matériau d'essai plus faible, un autre type de sol ou un sol pré-exposé.

Polimerni materiali - Ugotavljanje končne aerobne biorazgradljivosti polimernih materialov v zemlji z merjenjem porabe kisika v respirometru ali količine nastalega ogljikovega dioksida (ISO 17556:2019)

Ta dokument opisuje metodo za ugotavljanje končne aerobne biorazgradljivosti polimernih materialov v zemlji z merjenjem porabe kisika v zaprtem respirometru ali količine nastalega ogljikovega dioksida. Namen metode je doseči čim večjo stopnjo biorazgradljivosti s prilagoditvijo vlažnosti preskusne zemlje.
Če se kot inokulum uporabi neprilagojena zemlja, preskus simulira postopke biorazgraditve, ki potekajo v naravnem okolju; če se uporabi predhodno izpostavljena zemlja, se lahko metoda uporabi za preiskavo potencialne biorazgradljivosti preskusnega materiala.
Ta metoda zadeva naslednje materiale:
– naravne in/ali sintetične polimere, kopolimere ali njihove mešanice;
– polimerne materiale, ki vsebujejo dodatke, kot so mehčala ali barvila;
– polimere, topne v vodi.
Ne nanaša se nujno na materiale, ki pod preskusnimi pogoji zavirajo delovanje mikroorganizmov, prisotnih v zemlji. Zaviralne učinke je mogoče meriti na podlagi nadzora zaviranja ali z drugo ustrezno metodo. Če preskusni material zavira delovanje mikroorganizmov v zemlji, se lahko uporabi manjša koncentracija preskusnega materiala, druga vrsta zemlje ali predhodno izpostavljena zemlja.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-May-2019
• Withdrawal Date: 29-Nov-2019
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 249 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 249 - Plastics
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 29-May-2019
• Completion Date: 29-May-2019
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 17556:2019 - Plastics - Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved (ISO 17556:2019)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 17556:2012 - Plastics - Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved (ISO 17556:2012)
• Effective Date: 05-Jun-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2019
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 17556:2012
Polimerni materiali - Ugotavljanje končne aerobne biorazgradljivosti polimernih
materialov v zemlji z merjenjem porabe kisika v respirometru ali količine nastalega
ogljikovega dioksida (ISO 17556:2019)
Plastics - Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil
by measuring the oxygen demand in a respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide
evolved (ISO 17556:2019)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der vollständigen aeroben Bioabbaubarkeit von
Kunststoffmaterialien im Boden durch Messung des Sauerstoffbedarfs in einem
Respirometer oder der Menge des entstandenen Kohlendioxids (ISO 17556:2019)
Plastiques - Détermination de la biodégradabilité aérobie ultime des matériaux
plastiques dans le sol par mesure de la demande en oxygène dans un respiromètre ou
de la teneur en dioxyde de carbone libéré (ISO 17556:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 17556:2019
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 17556
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 17556:2012
English Version
Plastics - Determination of the ultimate aerobic
biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring
the oxygen demand in a respirometer or the amount of
carbon dioxide evolved (ISO 17556:2019)
Plastiques - Détermination de la biodégradabilité Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der vollständigen aeroben
aérobie ultime des matériaux plastiques dans le sol par Bioabbaubarkeit von Kunststoffmaterialien im Boden
mesure de la demande en oxygène dans un durch Messung des Sauerstoffbedarfs in einem
respiromètre ou de la teneur en dioxyde de carbone Respirometer oder der Menge des entstandenen
libéré (ISO 17556:2019) Kohlendioxids (ISO 17556:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 August 2018.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 17556:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 17556:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by
NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2019, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 17556:2012.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 17556:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 17556:2019 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17556
Third edition
2019-05
Plastics — Determination of the
ultimate aerobic biodegradability
of plastic materials in soil by
measuring the oxygen demand in
a respirometer or the amount of
carbon dioxide evolved
Plastiques — Détermination de la biodégradabilité aérobie ultime des
matériaux plastiques dans le sol par mesure de la demande en oxygène
dans un respiromètre ou de la teneur en dioxyde de carbone libéré
Reference number
ISO 17556:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
ISO 17556:2019(E)
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 17556:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 3
5 Test environment . 4
6 Materials . 4
7 Apparatus . 4
8 Procedure. 4
8.1 Preparation of the test material . 4
8.2 Preparation of the reference material . 5
8.3 Preparation of the test soil . 5
8.3.1 Collection and sieving of soil . 5
8.3.2 Preparation of standard soil . 6
8.3.3 Measurement of soil characteristics . 7
8.3.4 Adjustment of the water content and the pH of the soil . 7
8.3.5 Handling and storage of the soil . 7
8.4 Start-up and execution of the test . 7
9 Calculation and expression of results . 9
9.1 Calculation . 9
9.1.1 Percentage biodegradation from oxygen consumption values . 9
9.1.2 Percentage biodegradation from carbon dioxide evolved . 9
9.2 Expression and interpretation of results .10
10 Validity of results .10
11 Test report .10
Annex A (informative) Principle of a manometric respirometer (example) .12
Annex B (informative) Example of a system for measuring the amount of carbon dioxide
evolved .13
Annex C (informative) Examples of methods for the determination of evolved carbon dioxide .14
Annex D (informative) Theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) .16
Annex E (informative) Example of a determination of the amount and the molecular mass
of water-insoluble polymer remaining at the end of a biodegradation test .17
Annex F (informative) Examples of long-term tests .18
Annex G (informative) Interlaboratory test .22
Bibliography .26
ISO 17556:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during
...