CEN/TS 12633:2014
(Main)Method of polishing specimens prior to the measurement of slip and skid resistance
Method of polishing specimens prior to the measurement of slip and skid resistance
This Technical Specification describes a laboratory method for polishing paving units using a flat-bed polishing machine prior to the measurement of slip and skid resistance to evaluate the durability of this characteristic. This Technical Specification may not be applicable to profiled paving units: for these types of units the method of polishing does not reflect the polishing in practice.
Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Griffigkeitsbeiwertes vor und nach Polierung
Diese Technische Spezifikation beschreibt ein Laborverfahren zum Polieren von Pflastereinheiten unter Einsatz einer Flachbettpoliermaschine vor der Bestimmung des Gleit- und Rutschwiderstandes zur Beurteilung der Dauerhaftigkeit dieser Eigenschaft. Es kann sein, dass diese Technische Spezifikation auf profilierte Pflastereinheiten nicht anwendbar ist: für diese Arten von Einheiten spiegelt das Polieren nicht das Polieren wider, das in der Praxis auftritt.
Méthode de détermination de la valeur de résistance au dérapage/à la glissance d'unités de pavage polies ou non polies
La présente Spécification technique décrit une méthode de laboratoire de polissage d’unités de pavage au moyen d'une machine de polissage à plat préalable à la mesure de la résistance à la glissance et au dérapage afin d'évaluer la durabilité de cette caractéristique. La présente Spécification technique ne peut être applicable aux unités de pavage profilées : pour ces types d'unités, la méthode de polissage ne reflète pas le polissage dans la pratique.
Metoda poliranja preskušancev pred merjenjem odpornosti proti drsenju
Standard CEN TS 12633 opisuje laboratorijsko metodo poliranja tlakovcev z uporabo polirnega stroja pred merjenjem odpornosti proti drsenju, da se oceni trajnost te lastnosti. Te tehnične specifikacije ni treba uporabiti za profilirane tlakovce: za te vrste tlakovcev metoda poliranja ne odraža poliranja v praksi.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST ENV 12633:2003
Metoda poliranja preskušancev pred merjenjem odpornosti proti drsenju
Method of polishing specimens prior to the measurement of slip and skid resistance
Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Griffigkeitsbeiwertes vor und nach Polierung
Méthode de détermination de la valeur de résistance au dérapage/à la glissance d'unités
de pavage polies ou non polies
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 12633:2014
ICS:
93.080.20 Materiali za gradnjo cest Road construction materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 12633
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
September 2014
ICS 93.080.20 Supersedes ENV 12633:2003
English Version
Method of polishing specimens prior to the measurement of slip
and skid resistance
Méthode de détermination de la valeur de résistance au Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Griffigkeitsbeiwertes vor
dérapage/à la glissance d'unités de pavage polies ou non und nach Polierung
polies
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 10 September 2013 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 12633:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents
Page
Foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Principle . 5
4 Apparatus . 5
5 Sampling of test specimens . 8
6 Preparation of test specimen . 8
7 Polishing procedure . 9
8 Validation of polishing procedure . 9
9 Test report . 10
Annex A (informative) Preparation of reference material specimens . 11
A.1 Reference material . 11
A.2 Apparatus and equipment . 11
A.3 Preparation of reference material specimens . 12
Bibliography . 13
Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 12633:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 178 “Paving units and
kerbs”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document supersedes ENV 12633:2003.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.
CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom
Introduction
Health and safety aspects
WARNING: The application of emery polishing agents during the course of the operations described in this
Technical Specification can generate particles that could be injurious to health. It is essential to ensure that
appropriate precautions are taken, e.g. the use of dust masks and/or dust extracting facilities. It is also essential to
ensure that the equipment is electrically safe in wet test conditions.
1 Scope
This Technical Specification describes a laboratory method for polishing paving units using a flat-bed polishing
machine prior to the measurement of slip and skid resistance to evaluate the durability of this characteristic. This
Technical Specification may not be applicable to profiled paving units: for these types of units the method of
polishing does not reflect the polishing in practice.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for
its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 772-20, Methods of test for masonry units - Part 20: Determination of flatness of faces of aggregate concrete,
manufactured stone and natural stone masonry units
EN 772-1, Methods of test for masonry units - Part 1: Determination of compressive strength
ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and 100
IRHD)
3 Principle
The Technical Specification describes the test method for polishing paving units using an abrasive agent in contact
with a rotating resilient mat.
4 Apparatus
4.1 Straight-edge
4.2 Set of feeler gauges with a width of (6 ± 1) mm capable of measuring with an accuracy to 0,05 mm
4.3 Flat-bed polishing machine (see Figure 1) comprising the following:
Key
1 sample holder 5 emery hoppers with adjustable conveyors
2 sample 6 lap wheel
3 adjustable mass 7 rubber annulus
4 water supply
Figure 1 — Flat-bed polishing machine
a) a machined, flat circular cast iron or steel grinding lap not less than (600 ± 3) mm in diameter, which can be
rotated in a horizontal plane at a speed of (29 ± 1) r/min;
b) a flat smooth-surfaced natural rubber annulus of (600 ± 3) mm external diameter, approximately (320 ± 3) mm
internal diameter and a thickness of (9 ± 1) mm fixed to the upper surface.
The rubber annulus shall have a hardness from 60 to 75 IRHD in accordance with ISO 48. It shall be covered by a
certificate of conformity from the manufacturer which includes the date of manufacture.
It should be stored in the dark at a temperature in the range 5 °C to 25 °C and should be conditioned by bringing to
a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C throughout it mass before fixing to the grinding plate. The annulus can be used as long
as the hardness remains in the specification.
If glue is used to attach the annulus to the grinding plate, care should be taken to ensure it does not affect the
hardness of the rubber.
c) two adjustable metal holders capable of loosely holding in place specimens conforming to Clause 6;
d) means of locating, two specimens within the two holders according to the following configuration:
— with the centre points of their outer edges (270 ± 1) mm from the centre of the lap;
— positioned diametrically opposite to each other;
— with their long sides lying in the direction of rotation of the lap.
The specimens shall be free to move in a vertical plane but be restrained from moving in the horizontal plane.
e) means to ensure that the required load can be applied evenly at the centre of each test specimen and which
can move in a vertical direction;
f) weights which permit uniform loading of the test specimen against the surface of the rubber annulus and
which, including test specimen, tray (if used) and adjustable weight, will provide a contact stress of (2 250 ±
50) N/m² over the area of the final prepared contact surface;
NOTE This stress corresponds to a total mass of 2,924 kg for an area of 150 mm × 85 mm.
g) separate mechanisms to feed corn emery and emery flour and a means to feed water.
Figure 2 — Position of the units onto the flat-bed polishing machine
4.4 Polishing media, consisting of the following:
a) fresh natural corn emery, of a grading that conforms with Table 1;
Table 1 — Grading requirements for corn emery
Nominal width of sieve total passing
aperture
μm %
600 98 to 100
500 70 to 100
425 30 to 90
355 0 to 30
300 0 to 5
b) fresh air-floated or water-washed emery flour 95 % of which passes a 50 μm test sieve.
The polishing media shall be used once only.
4.5 Reference material
The reference material is a control stone specimen prepared as described in Annex A.
The control stone specimens may be replaced for internal control by secondary control specimens defined by the
laboratory.
5 Sampling of test specimens
Selected specimens shall be representative of the batch in terms of texture and surface finish and show no undue
cracks or other blemishes.
Obtain a representative sample of five specimens. Measure the flatness of all specimens according to EN 772-20.
If these specimen are flat with an allowable flatness deviation of 0,5 mm, they can be used without grinding. If not,
select additional specimen from a further 5 specimens which are within the flatness criteria.
If 5 flat specimens with an allowable flatness deviation of 0,5 mm, cannot be found from 10 specimens, grind the
surface of 5 specimens in accordance with EN 772-1, the minimum necessary to fulfil the allowable flatness
deviation of 0,5 mm.
6 Preparation of test specimen
Carry out preparation of the test specimen according to the following:
a) before polishing, the contact surface of the specimens shall be (150 ± 5) mm from 80 and 90 mm wide i.e. the
chamfer is extra.
Where the surface to be tested is smaller than 150 mm × 85 mm, it is necessary to form a new area by bonding two
or more units together. This can be realised by taking two units and, when necessary, grinding flat one side of
each, specifically the side which is perpendicular to the visible side. These two units are then placed on a flat
surface with the visible side facing downwards. The two sides which have been ground flat are then glued to each
other using a construction adhesive in such a fashion that the glued joint has a minimal thickness.
b) The thickness shall be between 30 mm and 85 mm.
NOTE If necessary thinner specimen can be fixed on an adequate support
c) each specimen shall have a chamfer minimum 3 mm at an angle of approximately 45° along each upper
surface edges (see Figure 3), to enable the emery polishing agents to access the contact area between the
specimens and the rubber annulus more readily. The chamfer may comprise the natural chamfer of the unit or
may be specifically ground.
Key
1 direction of polishing
2 chamfer
Figure 3 — Plan view of a test specimen on the rubber annulus
7 Polishing procedure
Calculate the applied load on each specimen necessary to give a contact stress of (2 250 ± 50) N/mm² over the
area of the final prepared contact surface.
NOTE 1 The contact area excludes prepared chamfers on the specimens themselves.
NOTE 2 The mass of the specimen is considered to be part of the calculated load.
Carry out accelerated polishing using the flat-bed polishing machine (4.3) at (20 ± 5) °C according to the following
procedure:
a) place the test surfaces of two specimens face down in the metal holders (4.3c) on the rubber annulus (4.3b) at
positions diametrically opposite each other. Apply the appropriate loads. Set
...
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