EN 15241:2007
(Main)Ventilation for buildings - Calculation methods for energy losses due to ventilation and infiltration in commercial buildings
Ventilation for buildings - Calculation methods for energy losses due to ventilation and infiltration in commercial buildings
This European Standard describes the method to calculate the energy impact of ventilation systems (including airing) in buildings to be used for applications such as energy calculations, heat and cooling load calculation.
Its purpose is to define how to calculate the characteristics (temperature, humidity) of the air entering the building, and the corresponding energies required for its treatment and the auxiliaries electrical energy required.
This standard can also be used for air heating and cooling systems when they assure the provision of ventilation, considering that prEN 15243 will provide the required heating or cooling load and the corresponding air flows and/or air temperatures.
Lüftung von Gebäuden - Berechnungsverfahren für den Energieverlust aufgrund der Lüftung und Infiltration in Nichtwohngebäuden
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt das Verfahren zur Berechnung der energetischen Auswirkungen von Lüftungsanlagen (einschließlich Fensterlüftung) in Gebäuden, das z. B. bei Energieberechnungen und Heiz und Kühllastberechnungen anzuwenden ist.
Der Zweck besteht darin, festzulegen, wie die Kennwerte (Temperatur, Luftfeuchte) der in das Gebäude eintretenden Luft und die entsprechenden für ihre Behandlung erforderlichen Energien und elektrische Hilfsenergie zu berechnen sind.
Diese Norm kann auch auf Lufterhitzer und kühler angewendet werden, wenn sie die Lüftung sicherstellen, wobei zu berücksichtigen ist, dass die geforderte Heiz bzw. Kühllast und die entsprechenden Luft¬volumen¬ströme und/oder Lufttemperaturen in prEN 15243 festgelegt werden.
Ventilation des bâtiments - Méthodes de calcul des pertes d'énergie dues à la ventilation et à l'infiltration dans les bâtiments commerciaux
La présente Norme européenne décrit la méthode de calcul de l’impact énergétique des systèmes de ventilation (y compris l’aération) dans les bâtiments, utilisée pour des applications telles que les calculs d’énergie et le calcul de la charge de chauffage et de refroidissement.
La présente norme vise à définir les méthodes de calcul des caractéristiques (température, humidité) de l’air entrant dans le bâtiment, et les énergies correspondantes requises pour le traitement de cet air et les énergies requises par les auxiliaires électriques.
La présente norme peut également être utilisée pour les systèmes de refroidissement et de chauffage de l’air lorsqu’ils assurent la ventilation, sachant que le prEN 15243 fournira les charges de refroidissement et de chauffage exigées et les températures d’air et/ou les débits d’air correspondants.
Prezračevanje stavb - Računske metode za energijske izgube zaradi prezračevanja in infiltracije v stavbah
General Information
- Status
- Withdrawn
- Publication Date
- 15-May-2007
- Withdrawal Date
- 13-Apr-2025
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 156 - Ventilation for buildings
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 156/WG 7 - System performance
- Current Stage
- 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
- Start Date
- 31-May-2017
- Completion Date
- 14-Apr-2025
- Directive
- 89/106/EEC - Construction products
Relations
- Effective Date
- 08-Jun-2022
- Effective Date
- 08-Jun-2022
- Effective Date
- 08-Jun-2022
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 15241:2007 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Ventilation for buildings - Calculation methods for energy losses due to ventilation and infiltration in commercial buildings". This standard covers: This European Standard describes the method to calculate the energy impact of ventilation systems (including airing) in buildings to be used for applications such as energy calculations, heat and cooling load calculation. Its purpose is to define how to calculate the characteristics (temperature, humidity) of the air entering the building, and the corresponding energies required for its treatment and the auxiliaries electrical energy required. This standard can also be used for air heating and cooling systems when they assure the provision of ventilation, considering that prEN 15243 will provide the required heating or cooling load and the corresponding air flows and/or air temperatures.
This European Standard describes the method to calculate the energy impact of ventilation systems (including airing) in buildings to be used for applications such as energy calculations, heat and cooling load calculation. Its purpose is to define how to calculate the characteristics (temperature, humidity) of the air entering the building, and the corresponding energies required for its treatment and the auxiliaries electrical energy required. This standard can also be used for air heating and cooling systems when they assure the provision of ventilation, considering that prEN 15243 will provide the required heating or cooling load and the corresponding air flows and/or air temperatures.
EN 15241:2007 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.140.30 - Ventilation and air-conditioning systems. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 15241:2007 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 16798-5-1:2017, EN 16798-5-2:2017, EN 15241:2007/AC:2011. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 15241:2007 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 89/106/EEC; Standardization Mandates: M/343. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Lüftung von Gebäuden - Berechnungsverfahren für den Energieverlust aufgrund der Lüftung und Infiltration in GebäudenVentilation des bâtiments - Méthodes de calcul des pertes d'énergie dues a la ventilation et a l'infiltration dans les bâtimentsVentilation for buildings - Calculation methods for energy losses due to ventilation and infiltration in buildings91.140.30VLVWHPLVentilation and air-conditioningICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15241:2007SIST EN 15241:2007en01-oktober-2007SIST EN 15241:2007SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15241May 2007ICS 91.140.30 English VersionVentilation for buildings - Calculation methods for energy lossesdue to ventilation and infiltration in commercial buildingsVentilation des bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des pertesd'énergie dues à la ventilation et aux infiltrations dans lesbâtiments commerciauxLüftung von Gebäuden - Berechnungsverfahren für denEnergieverlust aufgrund der Lüftung und Infiltration inNichtwohngebäudenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 March 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15241:2007: E
A simplified model of a Ground to Air Heat Exchanger.21 A.1 Background and summary.21 A.2 Overview of program links, variables, parameters and constants.22 A.3 Physical description of the ground to air heat x-change model.23 Bibliography.26
Existing national regulations with or without reference to national standards, may restrict for the time being the implementation of the European Standards mentioned in this report According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Figure 1 - Scheme of relationship between standards Table 1 - Relationship between standards from To
Information transferred variables 15251 15243 Indoor climate requirements
Heating and cooling Set points
13779 15251 15242 Airflow requirement for comfort and health Required supply and exhaust Air flows 15242 15241 Air flows Air flows entering and leaving the building 15241 13792 Air flows Air flow for summer comfort calculation 15241 15203- 15315 ;15217 energy Energies per energy carrier for ventilation (fans, humidifying, precooling, pre heating), + heating and cooling for air systems 15241 13790 data for heating and cooling calculation Temperatures, humilities and flows of air entering the building 15243 15243 Data for air systems Required energies for heating and cooling
15243 15242 Data for air heating and cooling systems Required airflows when of use 15243 13790 data for building heating and cooling calculation Set point, emission efficiency, distribution recoverable losses, generation recoverable losses 13790 15243 Data for system calculation Required energy for generation
4 Symbols and abbreviations Table 2 — symbols and abbreviations Symbol Unit descriptionA m² area Bh m building height Cductleak ad coefficient taking into account lost air due to duct leakages Csyst ad coefficient taking into account the component and system design tolerances Cuse ad coefficient taking into account the switching on and off of fans Ccont ad coefficient depending on local air flow control Eff ad efficiency H W/K heat loss qv(dP) curve or airflow/pressure difference characteristic
formula
qv 4Pa,n or m3/h external enveloppe airtightness expressed as an airflow for a given pressure n50,n
difference, exponent qv 4Pa,n or m3/h partial air tightnesss for altitude (z), orientation (or), tilt angle (Tilt) n50,n
qv-exh m3/h exhaust air flow
qv-sup m3/h supply air flow P W heating power R Ad ratio θ °C temperature x g/kg of dry air moisture content of the air
5 General approach EN 15242 defines the procedure to calculate the following air flows (either entering or leaving the heated/conditioned area) through leakages, opened windows, purpose provided openings (considered as part of the ventilation system) and the ventilation system. For overall heating and cooling needs calculation, prEN ISO 13790, uses directly the airflows entering the building through leakages, opened windows, and purpose provided opening, as there's is no additional energy impact when these air flows are known. Therefore this standard focuses on the impact on the ventilation system itself both for the air treatment and move. For air heating and cooling system, prEN 15243 provides the required airflow and supply temperatures.
23415 Key 1 ventilation system 4 leakage 2 window opening 5 internal reference pressure 3 opening
Figure 2 — general scheme for airflows
preheating, precooling, humidifying, dehumidifying; The heating and cooling energy needs due to infiltration are not part of the standard. Required energy for heating and cooling for air heating and cooling systems can be taken into account using the same formulas in connection with prEN 15243. These energies will be provided by energy carrier and use (heating, cooling, ventilating). In some cases it will require some specific assumptions as for example if a fan is used for ventilation, heating and cooling.
Three implementation possibilities of the calculation procedure described in Clause 6 are shown in Clause 7.
6 Steady state calculation 6.1 Basis of the calculation method Starting from the airflows, the aim of the procedure is to calculate: Temperature and humidities of the airflows entering the heated or cooled areas. Energy devoted to the air treatment. 6.2 Air entering through infiltration, passive air inlets or windows It is basically considered that the air characteristics are the outdoor air ones.
Preheated air inlets and ground coupling are part of this standard If the air is taken in an adjacent space the air temperature in this space shall be calculated according to prEN ISO 13790. 6.3 Air entering through balanced or supply only system calculation 6.3.1 General The following subclauses describe how the air characteristics are modified in each component, and the energy required for that treatment.
∆Tduct
is the difference in air temperature between the inlet and the outlet of the duct, in K θ1,x1
are the air temperature and humidity at the inlet of the duct, (in °C and g/kg of dry air) θ2,x2
are the air temperature and humidity at the outlet of the duct, (in °C and g/kg of dry air) ∆Tduct
is calculated by
)1)(().34,0(1vductductqHsurductducteT−−−=∆θθs where
θsurduc
is the temperature of the air surrounding the duct, equal in this case to the outdoor air temperature, in °C Hduct
is the heat loss from the duct to the surrounding, in W/K
qvduct
is the rate of air flow in the duct, in (m³/h)
6.3.3 Duct flow losses The infiltred or exfiltred flow into or from the duct is calculated according to EN 15242. If the air is exfiltred, there is no change in air characteristics in the duct (but a difference in air flows). If the air is infitred, the outdoor air is mixed to the air entering the duct. 6.3.4 Fan
The air temperature is increased by the fan of a ∆Tfan
value
where: ∆Tfan
is the increase of air temperature caused by fan, in K, Ffan
is the fan power, in W, Rf,r
is the fan power recovered ratio (ad.), ρ c
is the product of the air density and the specific heat, in 34 W
...
Die Norm SIST EN 15241:2007 bietet eine umfassende Richtlinie zur Berechnung der Energieverluste durch Belüftung und Undichtigkeiten in gewerblichen Gebäuden. Der Geltungsbereich dieser europäischen Norm ist sowohl auf die energetischen Auswirkungen von Belüftungssystemen als auch auf die Methodik zur Berechnung von Wärme- und Kühllasten ausgerichtet. Dies macht die Norm besonders relevant für Fachleute, die in der Planung und Bewertung von energieeffizienten Gebäuden tätig sind. Ein herausragendes Merkmal der Norm ist ihre Fähigkeit, die Eigenschaften der einströmenden Luft, einschließlich Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit, präzise zu definieren. Durch die Berechnung der benötigten Energiemengen für die Behandlung dieser Luft und der erforderlichen elektrogeregelten auxiliares Energiequellen ermöglicht die Norm eine fundierte Planung und Optimierung von Belüftungssystemen. Die Relevanz dieser Norm erstreckt sich über das gesamte Spektrum der Gebäudeenergieanalysen. Insbesondere in Kombination mit prEN 15243, das die erforderlichen Heiz- oder Kühlleistungen sowie die entsprechenden Luftströme und Temperaturen bereitstellt, ergänzt sie die ganzheitliche Herangehensweise zur energetischen Bewertung von Luftheizungs- und Kühlungssystemen, die gleichzeitig die Belüftung sicherstellen. Insgesamt bietet die Norm SIST EN 15241:2007 solide Methoden zur präzisen Berechnung der Energieeffizienz von Ventilationssystemen in gewerblichen Anwendungen und ist daher ein unverzichtbares Werkzeug für Ingenieure und Planer, die nachhaltige und energieeffiziente Gebäude entwickeln möchten.
La norme EN 15241:2007, intitulée "Ventilation pour bâtiments - Méthodes de calcul des pertes d'énergie dues à la ventilation et à l'infiltration dans les bâtiments commerciaux", offre un cadre rigoureux pour évaluer l'impact énergétique des systèmes de ventilation dans les bâtiments commerciaux. Son ample portée est essentielle pour les professionnels du secteur, car elle permet de standardiser les méthodes de calcul nécessaires pour des applications variées, notamment les calculs énergétiques et les charges thermiques de chauffage et de refroidissement. L'un des points forts de cette norme réside dans sa capacité à fournir des méthodologies claires pour déterminer les caractéristiques de l'air entrant dans un bâtiment, telles que la température et l'humidité. Cela permet non seulement de quantifier l'énergie requise pour le traitement de l'air, mais aussi de calculer l'énergie électrique auxiliaire nécessaire. Ce niveau de détail est crucial pour optimiser les systèmes de ventilation, assurant ainsi une efficacité énergétique maximale. De plus, la norme EN 15241:2007 est particulièrement pertinente dans le cadre de l'intégration des systèmes de chauffage et de refroidissement dans des applications de ventilation. La norme facilite cette intégration en s'assurant que les exigences en matière de charges de chauffage ou de refroidissement soient satisfaites, tout en garantissant des débits d'air et des températures d'air appropriés. Ceci est d'une grande importance dans le contexte actuel où la durabilité et l'efficacité énergétique sont des priorités pour les bâtiments commerciaux. En résumé, la norme EN 15241:2007 représente une avancée significative dans la standardisation des méthodes de calcul des pertes d'énergie par ventilation et infiltration, et son application est essentielle pour les professionnels cherchant à améliorer l'efficacité énergétique et le confort environnemental dans les bâtiments commerciaux.
표준 EN 15241:2007은 상업 건물에서의 환기 및 침투로 인한 에너지 손실을 계산하는 방법을 제시합니다. 이 문서는 건물 내 환기 시스템의 에너지 영향을 평가하는 데 필요한 기술 기준을 제공하여 에너지 계산 및 난방, 냉방 부하 계산의 응용에 적합합니다. 본 표준의 목적은 건물로 유입되는 공기의 온도와 습기 등의 특성을 정의하고, 이를 처리하기 위해 필요한 에너지와 보조 전력에 대한 명확한 지침을 제공합니다. EN 15241:2007의 강점은 다목적 활용이 가능하다는 점입니다. 이 표준은 환기 외에도 공기 난방 및 냉방 시스템에 적용될 수 있어, 환기를 보장하는 시스템과의 연계를 통해 보다 통합적인 에너지 관리가 가능합니다. 특히, prEN 15243와의 연계를 통해 필요 난방 또는 냉방 부하와 해당 공기 흐름 및 온도에 대한 요구 사항을 충족할 수 있습니다. 이 표준은 설계 엔지니어 및 건축가에게 필수적인 참조 자료로, 지속 가능하고 효율적인 건물 설계에 기여합니다. 환기가 포함된 에너지 계산을 위한 체계적 접근 방식을 제공함으로써, 상업 건물의 에너지 효율성을 높이는 데 매우 중요한 역할을 합니다. 따라서 EN 15241:2007은 현대 건축 환경에서 요구되는 에너지 관리 및 지속 가능성의 필수 요소로 자리잡고 있으며, 기후 변화 대응 및 에너지 절약을 위한 핵심 지침으로 인정받고 있습니다.
SIST EN 15241:2007は、商業ビルにおける換気と浸透によるエネルギー損失の計算方法を定めたヨーロッパ標準です。この標準は、エネルギー計算や冷暖房負荷の計算などに利用される換気システムのエネルギー影響を評価するための方法を詳細に説明しています。 この標準の強みは、建物内に入る空気の特性（温度、湿度）を計算する明確な手法を提供している点です。この計算に基づいて、空気処理に必要なエネルギーやそれに伴う電力消費を導出することが可能です。この透明性は、エネルギー効率を追求する現代のビル設計において非常に重要です。 さらに、SIST EN 15241:2007は、換気を確保する空気加熱および冷却システムにも利用できる点が特筆されます。これは、prEN 15243が必要な加熱または冷却負荷と対応する空気の流れや温度を提供することを前提にしています。この連携により、標準はエネルギー計算を行う上での実用的なツールとしての価値を高めています。 全体として、SIST EN 15241:2007は、商業ビルにおける換気のエネルギー損失を評価するための信頼性の高い基準を提供しており、エネルギー効率化の取り組みを支える重要な役割を果たしています。この標準は、建築、エネルギー管理、環境設計の分野において非常に関連性が高いといえます。
The EN 15241:2007 standard offers a comprehensive framework for calculating energy losses in commercial buildings due to ventilation and infiltration. Its scope is particularly relevant in the context of contemporary energy efficiency requirements, as it provides defined methodologies for assessing the energy impacts of various ventilation systems. By focusing on critical factors such as temperature and humidity of incoming air, the standard facilitates accurate energy calculations that are essential for effective building management and optimization. One of the key strengths of EN 15241:2007 is its structured approach to quantifying the energy needed for air treatment, which includes both heating and cooling demands. This aspect is crucial for professionals engaged in energy calculations, as it synthesizes technical data needed to evaluate the performance of ventilation systems. Additionally, it incorporates the auxiliary electrical energy requirements, ensuring a holistic view of energy consumption associated with ventilation. The standard’s relevance extends to its compatibility with other related standards, such as prEN 15243, which addresses heating and cooling loads. This interconnectedness allows practitioners to seamlessly integrate various components of building energy performance into a unified framework, thereby enhancing calculation efficiency and accuracy. Moreover, the EN 15241:2007 standard is instrumental in addressing the growing demand for energy-efficient building solutions across Europe. By providing an authoritative method for calculating energy losses, it equips building designers and engineers with the necessary tools to optimize ventilation systems, ultimately contributing to reduced operational costs and improved environmental sustainability. The rigor and clarity of this standard make it an invaluable resource for professionals focused on achieving higher energy performance in commercial buildings.
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