EN 933-8:2012+A1:2015

Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test

This European Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in case of dispute for the determination of the sand equivalent value of 0/2 mm fraction (for 0/4 mm, see Annex A) in fine aggregates or all-in aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.

Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 8: Beurteilung von Feinanteilen - Sandäquivalent-Verfahren

Diese Europäische Norm legt das Referenzverfahren, das für die Erstprüfung und im Streitfall für die Bestimmung des Sandäquivalent-Werts für die Kornklasse 0/2 mm (für 0/4 mm, siehe Anhang A) in feinen Gesteinskörnungen angewendet wird fest. Für andere Zwecke, speziell im Rahmen der werkseigenen Produk¬tionskontrolle, dürfen andere Verfahren angewendet werden, sofern ein ausreichender Zusammenhang mit dem Referenzverfahren nachgewiesen wurde.

Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques des granulats - Partie 8 : Évaluation des fines - Équivalent de sable

La présente norme européenne décrit la méthode de référence utilisée pour les essais de type initiaux ainsi qu’en cas de litige dans le but de déterminer l’équivalent de sable de la fraction 0/2 mm (pour 0/4 mm, voir l’Annexe A) des sables et des graves. À d’autres fins, en particulier pour la maîtrise de la production des granulats, d’autres méthodes peuvent être utilisées à condition qu’il existe une relation entre ces dernières et la méthode de référence.

Preskusi geometričnih lastnosti agregatov - 8. del: Ugotavljanje finih delcev - Ekvivalent peska

Ta evropski standard opisuje referenčno metodo, ki se uporablja za tipsko preskušanje in v primeru spora za ugotavljanje vrednosti ekvivalenta peska deleža 0/2 mm (za 0/4 mm glejte Dodatek A) v finih agregatih ali nesepariranih agregatih. Za druge namene, zlasti za nadzor proizvodnje v obratu, se lahko uporabijo druge metode, če obstaja primerna delovna povezava z referenčno metodo.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 12-May-2015
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 154 - Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 154/SC 6 - Test methods
• Current Stage: 9060 - Closure of 2 Year Review Enquiry - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 04-Mar-2023
• Completion Date: 04-Mar-2023
• Ref Project: SIST EN 933-8:2012+A1:2015 - Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test

Relations

• Merged From: EN 933-8:2012/FprA1 - Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023
• Merged From: EN 933-8:2012 - Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2015

Overview

EN 933-8:2012+A1:2015 - Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test - is the CEN reference method for determining the sand equivalent (SE) value of the 0/2 mm fraction in fine aggregates or all‑in aggregates. It is intended as the reference method for type testing and for dispute resolution; alternative methods may be used for factory production control only if an established relationship to this reference method exists. The standard includes Amendment A1 (2015) and an Annex (A) covering 0/4 mm fraction procedures.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and purpose: Reference method for sand equivalent testing of the 0/2 mm fraction; Annex A covers 0/4 mm.
• Test principle: A test specimen (max fines content 10%) is agitated in a washing and flocculating solution to free clay coatings and keep fines in suspension. After a fixed interval the height of settled sand is measured and expressed as a percentage of total sediment + suspension to yield the sand equivalent (SE(10)).
• Sample preparation: Laboratory sample reduction follows EN 932‑2. Two subsamples are prepared - one for water/fines content and corrective grading, the second (not artificially dried) for SE determination.
• Reagents: A concentrated solution (calcium chloride + glycerine + formaldehyde or sodium hypochlorite alternative) is prepared and diluted to make the washing/flocculating solution. Washing solution must be clear and is usable up to 28 days.
• Apparatus: Includes calibrated graduated cylinders, test plunger assembly (~1 kg), washing tube with metered jet, shaking machine (rectilinear periodic motion), siphon/flask system, sieves (0.063 and 2 mm), thermometer and balance. Specific dimensions and tolerances are defined in the standard.
• Procedure & reporting: Standard details filling, agitation, irrigation, timing, measurement, calculation of SE(10) and required test report items. Annex B gives an example test data sheet.

Applications and who uses it

• Aggregate testing laboratories performing type testing and dispute resolution.
• Producers of fine aggregates and all‑in aggregates for conformity verification and specification compliance.
• Construction specifiers, contractors and materials engineers who rely on sand equivalent to assess the proportion of clay and plastic fines that may affect workability and durability in concrete, asphalt and base layers.
• Certification bodies and quality control teams that require a CEN reference method for contractual or regulatory purposes.

Using EN 933‑8 helps ensure consistent, reproducible assessment of fines content and clayiness in aggregates - an important parameter for material performance in civil engineering and asphalt applications.

Related standards

• EN 932 series (general properties and sampling, EN 932‑2, EN 932‑5)
• Other EN 933 parts (e.g., Part 1 particle size, Part 9 methylene blue test)
• EN 1097 (mechanical/physical tests), EN 1367 (thermal/weathering), EN 1744 (chemical properties)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 933-8:2012
3UHVNXVLJHRPHWULþQLKODVWQRVWLDJUHJDWRYGHO8JRWDYOMDQMHILQLKGHOFHY
(NYLYDOHQWSHVND
Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand
equivalent test
Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 8:
Beurteilung von Feinanteilen - Sandäquivalent-Verfahren
Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques des granulats - Partie 8 :
Évaluation des fines - Équivalent de sable
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 933-8:2012+A1:2015
ICS:
91.100.15 Mineralni materiali in izdelki Mineral materials and
products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 933-8:2012+A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2015
ICS 91.100.15 Supersedes EN 933-8:2012
English Version
Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8:
Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test
Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von
des granulats - Partie 8 : Évaluation des fines - Équivalent Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 8: Beurteilung von Feinanteilen -
de sable Sandäquivalent-Verfahren
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 November 2011 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 20 April 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 933-8:2012+A1:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword . 3
1 Scope. 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Principle . 6
5 Reagents . 6
6 Apparatus . 6
7 Preparation of test specimens . 12
7.1 General . 12
7.2 First subsample . 12
7.3 Second subsample . 12
8 Procedure . 13
8.1 General . 13
8.2 Filling of the graduated cylinders . 13
8.3 Shaking the graduated cylinders . 14
8.4 Washing . 14
8.5 Measurements . 15
9 Calculation and expression of results . 16
10 Test report . 17
10.1 Required data . 17
10.2 Optional data . 17
Annex A (normative) Procedure for the determination of the sand equivalent value of the
0/4 mm fraction . 18
Annex B (informative) Example of a test data sheet . 19

Foreword
This document (EN 933-8:2012+A1:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154
“Aggregates”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2015, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
This document supersedes !EN 933-8:2012".
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 2015-04-19.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
This revised standard differs from EN 933-8:1999 for 0/2 mm size aggregates where the fines content
was not limited to 10 %.
This European Standard is one of a series of standards for tests for geometrical properties of
aggregates. Test methods for other properties of aggregates are covered by the following European
Standards:
— EN 932, Tests for general properties of aggregates;
— EN 1097, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates;
— EN 1367, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates;
— EN 1744, Tests for chemical properties of aggregates;
— EN 13179, Tests for filler aggregate used in bituminous mixtures.
The other parts of EN 933, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates, will be:
— Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution — Sieving method;
— Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution — Test sieves, nominal size of apertures;
— Part 3: Determination of particle shape — Flakiness index;
— Part 4: Determination of particle shape — Shape index;
— Part 5: Determination of percentage of crushed and broken surfaces in coarse aggregate
particles;
— Part 6: Assessment of surface characteristics — Flow coefficient of aggregates;
— Part 7: Determination of shell content — Percentage of shells in coarse aggregates;
— Part 9: Assessment of fines — Methylene blue test;
— Part 10: Assessment of fines — Grading of filler aggregates (air jet sieving);
— Part 11: Classification test for the constituents of coarse recycled aggregate.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in case of dispute
for the determination of the sand equivalent value of 0/2 mm fraction (for 0/4 mm, see Annex A) in fine
aggregates or all-in aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other
methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method
has been established.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates ― Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory
samples
EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates ― Part 5: Common equipment and calibration
EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates ― Part 1: Determination of particle size
distribution ― Sieving method
EN 933-2, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates ― Part 2: Determination of particle size
distribution ― Test sieves, nominal size of apertures
EN 1097-5, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates ― Part 5: Determination of
the water content by drying in a ventilated oven
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
fines
particle size fraction of an aggregate which passes the 0,063 mm sieve
3.2
laboratory sample
sample intended for laboratory testing
3.3
particle size fraction (d /D )
i i
fraction of an aggregate passing the larger (D ) of two sieves and retained on the smaller (d )
i i
NOTE The lower limit d may be zero.
i
3.4
subsample
sample obtained by means of a sample reduction procedure
3.5
test portion
sample used as a whole in a single test
3.6
test specimen
sample used in a single determination when a test method requires more than one determination of a
property
4 Principle
A 0/2 mm test specimen of aggregate with a maximum fines content of 10 % (either natural or
obtained after grading curve adjustment) and a small quantity of washing and flocculating solution are
poured into a graduated cylinder and are agitated to loosen the clay coatings from the coarser
particles in the test portion. The aggregate is then ‘irrigated’ using additional washing and flocculating
solution forcing the fine particles into suspension. After a fixed time, the sand equivalent value
(SE(10)) is calculated as the height of sediment expressed as a percentage of the total height of
sediment and suspension in the cylinder.
5 Reagents
5.1 Concentrated solution, made up of:
a) crystalline calcium chloride, CaCl .6H O or anhydrous calcium chloride, CaCl ;
2 2 2
b) glycerine, 99 % glycerol, laboratory reagent quality;
c) formaldehyde solution, 40 % by volume, laboratory reagent quality;
d) distilled or demineralised water.
Dissolve (219 ± 2) g of crystalline calcium chloride in (350 ± 50) ml of distilled or demineralised water,
cool to room temperature and if necessary filter through a medium or coarse grade filter paper. Add
(480 ± 5) g of glycerine and (12,5 ± 0,5) g of formaldehyde solution and dilute to 1 l of solution with
distilled or demineralised water and mix thoroughly.
NOTE 1 219 g CaCl .6H 0 6H O is equivalent to 111 g anhydrous calcium chloride CaCl .
2 2 2 2
NOTE 2 It is recommended that the concentrated solution is stored protected from light in glass or plastics
flasks containing (125 ± 1) ml.
NOTE 3 Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) with 2,6 % active chloride can be used instead of formaldehyde. In
case of dispute, use formaldehyde.
5.2 Washing and flocculating solution, prepared by diluting (125 ± 1) ml concentrated
solution (5.1) to (5,00 ± 0,01) l using distilled or demineralised water.
NOTE In preparing the washing solution, the concent
...