EN ISO 28139:2021

Equipment for crop protection - Knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers - Safety and environmental requirements and test methods (ISO 28139:2019)

This document specifies safety requirements and their verification, environmental requirements and related test methods, and minimum performance limits, for the design and construction of knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers as defined in 3.9.
It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from their use. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer.
It addresses general operating parameters as well as the potential deposition of spray droplets under specified controlled conditions.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, excepting those arising from vibration transmitted to the back of the operator.
It is applicable to knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Table A.1).
It is not applicable to:
—          hydraulic pressure sprayers;
—          thermal sprayers;
—          cold foggers;
—          sprayers adapted for the application of dry material.
It is not applicable to knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers manufactured before the date of its publication. The requirements of this document applies to products manufactured 18 months after publication.

Pflanzenschutzgeräte - Rückentragbare Sprühgeräte mit Verbrennungsmotor - Sicherheits- und Umweltanforderungen und Prüfverfahren (ISO 28139:2019)

Dieses Dokument legt Sicherheitsanforderungen und deren Überprüfung, umweltbezogene Anforderungen und die zugehörigen Prüfverfahren und minimale Leistungsgrenzen für die Gestaltung und Konstruktion rückentragbarer, mit Verbrennungsmotor angetriebener Sprühgeräte siehe Definition unter 3.9 fest.
Es beschreibt Verfahren zur Vermeidung oder Reduzierung von Gefahren, die aus deren Verwendung resultieren. Zusätzlich legt es die Informationen zum sicheren Betrieb, die von dem Hersteller zur Verfügung zu stellen sind, fest.
Es behandelt allgemeine Betriebsparameter sowie den möglichen Niederschlag von Spritzmitteltröpfchen unter spezifizierten, kontrollierten Bedingungen.
Dieses Dokument behandelt alle signifikanten Gefahren, Gefahrensituationen und -ereignisse, mit Ausnahme jener, die durch Vibrationseinwirkung auf den Rücken des Bedieners bedingt sind.
Es ist anzuwenden für rückentragbare Sprühgeräte mit Verbrennungsmotor, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und für die vom Hersteller vorgesehenen Bedingungen verwendet werden (siehe Tabelle A.1).
Es ist nicht anzuwenden für:
- mit Hydraulikdruck betriebene Spritzgeräte,
- thermische Spritzgeräte,
- Kaltvernebler,
- Sprühgeräte zum Ausbringen von trockenem Material.
Es ist nicht anzuwenden für rückentragbare Sprühgeräte mit Verbrennungsmotor, die vor dem Veröffentlichungsdatum dieses Dokuments hergestellt wurden. Die Anforderungen dieses Dokuments sind anzuwenden für Produkte die 18 Monate nach Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments hergestellt wurden.

Matériel de protection des cultures - Atomiseurs portés à dos motorisés - Exigences de sécurité et environnementales et méthodes d'essai (ISO 28139:2019)

Le présent document spécifie les exigences de sécurité et leur vérification, les exigences environnementales et les méthodes d'essai associées, ainsi que les limites de performance minimales pour la conception et la fabrication des atomiseurs portés à dos motorisés tels que définis en 3.9.
Il décrit les méthodes d'élimination ou de réduction des phénomènes dangereux dus à leur utilisation. En outre, il spécifie le type d'informations à fournir par le fabricant en ce qui concerne les pratiques d'utilisation sûre.
Il traite des paramètres de fonctionnement général ainsi que du dépôt éventuel de gouttes pulvérisées dans des conditions maîtrisées et spécifiées.
Le présent document traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux, situations dangereuses et événements dangereux significatifs, à l'exception des phénomènes dangereux résultant des vibrations transmises au dos de l'opérateur.
Il est applicable aux atomiseurs portés à dos motorisés, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés normalement et dans les conditions prévisibles établies par le fabricant (voir Tableau A.1).
Il n'est pas applicable aux:
—          atomiseurs à pression de liquide;
—          atomiseurs thermiques;
—          atomiseurs à froid;
—          atomiseurs adaptés pour une application de matière sèche.
Il n'est pas applicable aux atomiseurs portés à dos motorisés qui ont été fabriqués avant sa date de publication. Les exigences du présent document s'appliquent aux produits fabriqués 18 mois après sa publication.

Oprema za zaščito poljščin - Nahrbtna škropilnica na zračni tlak s pogonskim motorjem - Varnostne in okoljske zahteve in preskusne metode (ISO 28139:2019)

Ta dokument določa varnostne zahteve in njihovo preverjanje, okoljske zahteve in
povezane preskusne metode ter minimalne omejitve delovanja za načrtovanje in izdelavo nahrbtnih
škropilnic na zračni tlak s pogonskim motorjem, opredeljenih v točki 3.9.
Opisuje metode za odpravo ali zmanjšanje nevarnosti, ki izhajajo iz njihove uporabe. Določa tudi
vrsto informacij o varnih delovnih praksah, ki jih mora zagotoviti proizvajalec.
Obravnava splošne parametre delovanja in morebitno odlaganje pršenih kapljic pod
posebnimi nadzorovanimi pogoji.
Ta dokument obravnava vsa večja tveganja, nevarne situacije in dogodke, razen tistih,
ki izhajajo iz tresljajev, ki se prenesejo na hrbet upravljavca.
Uporablja se za škropilnice na zračni tlak s pogonskim motorjem, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z njihovim namenom
in pod pogoji, ki jih določa proizvajalec (glej preglednico A.1).
Ne uporablja se za:
– škropilnice pod hidravličnim tlakom;
– toplotne škropilnice;
– naprave za tvorjenje hladne meglice;
– škropilnice, prilagojene za uporabo suhega materiala.
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za škropilnice na zračni tlak s pogonskim motorjem, izdelane pred
datumom njegove objave. Zahteve tega dokumenta veljajo za izdelke, izdelane 18 mesecev
po objavi.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 04-May-2021
• ICS: 65.060.40 - Plant care equipment
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 144 - Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 144/WG 4 - Portable machines and pedestrian controlled machines
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 05-May-2021
• Completion Date: 05-May-2021
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Mandate: M/471 - Mandate addressed to CEN for standardisation in the field of machinery for pesticide application
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 28139:2021 - Equipment for crop protection - Knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers - Safety and environmental requirements and test methods (ISO 28139:2019)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 28139:2009 - Agricultural and forestry machinery - Knapsack combustion-engine-driven mistblowers - Safety requirements (ISO 28139:2009)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Amended By: EN ISO 28139:2021/A1:2024 - Equipment for crop protection - Knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers - Safety and environmental requirements and test methods - Amendment 1 (ISO 28139:2019/Amd 1:2024)
• Effective Date: 14-Jul-2021

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 28139:2010
Oprema za zaščito poljščin - Nahrbtna škropilnica na zračni tlak s pogonskim
motorjem - Varnostne in okoljske zahteve in preskusne metode (ISO 28139:2019)
Equipment for crop protection - Knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers -
Safety and environmental requirements and test methods (ISO 28139:2019)
Pflanzenschutzgeräte - Rückentragbare, verbrennungsmotorbetriebene Sprühgeräte -
Sicherheits- und Umweltanforderungen und Prüfverfahren (ISO 28139:2019)
Matériel de protection des cultures - Pulvérisateurs pneumatiques à dos à moteur à
combustion - Exigences de sécurité et environnementales et méthodes d'essai (ISO
28139:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 28139:2021
ICS:
65.060.40 Oprema za nego rastlin Plant care equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 28139
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 65.060.40 Supersedes EN ISO 28139:2009
English Version
Equipment for crop protection - Knapsack combustion
engine-driven airblast sprayers - Safety and environmental
requirements and test methods (ISO 28139:2019)
Matériel de protection des cultures - Atomiseurs portés Pflanzenschutzgeräte - Rückentragbare,
à dos motorisés - Exigences de sécurité et verbrennungsmotorbetriebene Sprühgeräte -
environnementales et méthodes d'essai (ISO Sicherheits- und Umweltanforderungen und
28139:2019) Prüfverfahren (ISO 28139:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 April 2021.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 28139:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 28139:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23 "Tractors
and machinery for agriculture and forestry" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 144
“Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2021, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 28139:2009.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 28139:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 28139:2021 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 28139
Second edition
2019-12
Equipment for crop protection —
Knapsack combustion engine-driven
airblast sprayers — Safety and
environmental requirements and
test methods
Matériel de protection des cultures — Atomiseurs portés à dos
motorisés — Exigences de sécurité et environnementales et
méthodes d'essai
Reference number
ISO 28139:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
ISO 28139:2019(E)
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 28139:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Stability when in operation . 3
4.3 Exhaust system . 3
4.4 Air tube and chemical hoses. 3
4.5 Controls . 4
4.5.1 General. 4
4.5.2 Handle . 4
4.5.3 Throttle trigger . . . 5
4.5.4 Engine stopping device . 5
4.5.5 Starting device . 5
4.5.6 Liquid line shut-off valve . 5
4.6 Machine support . 5
4.6.1 Harness . 6
4.7 Power-driven components . 6
4.8 Fuel tank . 6
4.9 Protection against contact with hot parts . 6
4.10 Electrical requirements . 8
4.10.1 General. 8
4.10.2 Ignition circuit . 8
4.11 Vibration . 8
4.11.1 Reduction by design at source and by protective measures . 8
4.11.2 Vibration measurement . 8
4.12 Noise . 8
4.12.1 Reduction by design at source and by protective measures . 8
4.12.2 Noise measurement . 9
4.13 Electromagnetic immunity . 9
4.13.1 Requirements . 9
4.13.2 Verification . 9
5 Environmental requirements . 9
5.1 General . 9
5.2 Absorbency of carrying straps . 9
5.3 Spray tank . 9
5.4 Strainers and filters .10
5.5 Droplet size .11
5.6 Air hoses and chemical hoses.11
5.7 Fan .11
5.8 Mass of total residual liquid.11
5.9 Stability .11
5.10 Spray liquid flow rate .11
5.11 Test report .12
6 Tests .12
6.1 Test liquids and equipment .12
6.2 Test conditions .13
6.2.1 General.13
6.2.2 Engine speed .13
6.3 Spray liquid output .13
ISO 28139:2019(E)
6.4 Mass of total residual liquid.13
6.5 Stability .14
6.6 Contents gauge scale and total tank volume .14
6.7 Filling rate .14
6.8 Air velocity .15
7 Information for use .16
7.1 Instruction handbook .16
7.1.1 General.16
7.1.2 Technical data .18
7.2 Marking .19
7.3 Warnings .19
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards.20
Annex B (normative) Sampling grid position for air velocity determination .25
Annex C (normative) Stability test .26
Annex D (informative) Example of a knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayer .27
Annex E (informative) Safety signs .28
Annex F (informative) Position of sprayer and Petri dishes for potential ground deposit
determination .29
Annex G (informative) Sprayer locking device .30
Annex H (informative) Device for detecting potential vertical deposits .31
Annex I (informative) Potential ground deposit, potential vertical deposit and droplet size test .32
Annex J (informative) Minimum content of test report .35
Bibliography .39
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 28139:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture
and forestry, Subcommittee SC 6, Equipment for crop protection.
This second edition of ISO 28139 cancels and replaces ISO 28139:2009 and ISO 10988:2011, which have
been technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— addition of environmental requirements;
— addition of environmental tests;
— exclusion of ergonomics;
— general update to the state of the art.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
ISO 28139:2019(E)
Introduction
The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows:
a) type-A standards (basic standards) giving basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects
that can be applied to machinery;
b) type-B standards (generic safety standards) dealing with one safety aspect or one type of
safeguards that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
— type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise),
— type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand control devices, interlocking devices, pressure
sensitive devices, guards);
c) type-C standards (machinery safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a
particular machine or group of machines.
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the
other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this
type-C standard.
vi © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28139:2019(E)
Equipment for crop protection — Knapsack combustion
engine-driven airblast sprayers — Safety and
environmental requirements and test methods
1 Scope
This document specifies safety requirements and their verification, environmental requirements and
related test methods, and minimum performance limits, for the design and construction of knapsack
combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers as defined in 3.9.
It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from their use. In addition, it
specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer.
It addresses general operating parameters as well as the potential deposition of spray droplets under
specified controlled conditions.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, excepting those
arising from vibration transmitted to the back of the operator.
It is applicable to knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers when they are used as intended
and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Table A.1).
It is not applicable to:
— hydraulic pressure sprayers;
— thermal sprayers;
— cold foggers;
— sprayers adapted for the application of dry material.
It is not applicable to knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers manufactured before the
date of its publication. The requirements of this document applies to products manufactured 18 months
after publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3767-5, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 5: Symbols for manual portable forestry machines
ISO 3864-1, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety
signs and safety markings
ISO 5681, Equipment for crop protection — Vocabulary
ISO 9357:1990, Equipment for crop protection — Agricultural sprayers — Tank nominal volume and filling
hole diameter
ISO 11684, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Safety
signs and hazard pictorials — General principles
ISO 28139:2019(E)
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper
and lower limbs
ISO 14982:1998, Agricultural and forestry machinery — Electromagnetic compatibility — Test methods
and acceptance criteria
ISO 19732, Equipment for crop protection — Sprayer filters — Colour coding for identification
ISO 19932-1, Equipment for crop protection — Knapsack sprayers — Part 1: Safety and environmental
requirements
ISO 19932-2:—, Equipment for crop protection — Knapsack sprayers — Part 2: Test methods
ISO 22867, Forestry and gardening machinery — Vibration test code for portable hand-held machines with
internal combustion engine — Vibration at the handles
ISO 22868:2011, Forestry and gardening machinery — Noise test code for portable hand-held machines
with internal combustion engine — Engineering method (Grade 2 accuracy)
IEC 61032:1997, Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures — Probes for verification
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100, ISO 5681, ISO 19932-1
and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
harness
adjustable strap(s) used to suspend the machine from the operator
3.2
engine stopping device
control fitted to the machine which stops the engine
3.3
throttle trigger
throttle control
device, usually a lever, activated by the operator’s hand or finger, for controlling the engine speed
3.4
throttle lock
device for temporarily setting the throttle in a partially open position
3.5
throttle trigger lockout
device that prevents unintentional activation of the throttle trigger (3.3)
3.6
air tube
tube for the air flow between the fan and the nozzle
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 28139:2019(E)
3.7
normal operation
use of the machine that is reasonably foreseeable and which is consistent with such activities as
distribution of chemicals, starting, stopping, fuelling, filling with chemicals and emptying
3.8
throttle limiting device
manually activated device allowing different maximum positions of the throttle provided to facilitate
operation of the engine over a long working period
3.9
knapsack airblast sprayer
self-contained appliance carried on the operator’s back by means of shoulder straps in which spray is
produced by the action a high velocity air stream on the spray mixture
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
4.1 General
The machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause.
In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of ISO 12100 for relevant but not
significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document. (See Annex A for a list of significant
hazards and hazardous situations and Annex D for a functional representation of the machine.)
Wearing parts (such as nozzles, filters, anti-drip valves, valves, diaphragms) specified in the instruction
handbook shall be changeable without special tools, unless provided with the sprayer, by an operator
wearing appropriate PPE (at least protective gloves) and without contamination of the operator and the
environment.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and function test.
4.2 Stability when in operation
The centre of gravity of the upright sprayer shall not be located at a horizontal distance greater than
150 mm from the back support of the harness with fuel and spray tanks filled to their nominal volume
and with the equipment ready for use.
Compliance shall be checked by measurement as described in ISO 19932-2:—, 5.3.4.
4.3 Exhaust system
The engine exhaust outlet shall be located so as to direct exhaust emissions away from the operator in
the normal operating position.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional testing.
4.4 Air tube and chemical hoses
The air tube shall be fitted with a handle on which a throttle trigger complying with 4.5.3 and an engine
stopping device complying with 4.5.4 are mounted.
To adjust the flow of chemicals to the nozzle, an on-off valve shall be fitted such that it can be easily
reached by the operator in the working position.
The minimum length of the air tube from the middle of the hand grip to the extremity of the air tube
shall be 500 mm as shown in Figure 1.
ISO 28139:2019(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 1 — Length of the air tube
The air tube shall not be detachable without the use of a tool. This requirement does not apply to
machines where detached air tube does not allow the moving elements to be reached in accordance
with ISO 13857:2008, Table 4.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection, functional testing and measurement.
4.5 Controls
4.5.1 General
All controls shall be designed to be operable by an operator wearing appropriate protective gloves.
Compliance shall be checked by functional testing.
Where the purpose of a control might not be obvious to the user, the control's function, direction and/or
method of operation shall be clearly identified by a durable label or mark. Compliance shall be checked
by inspection.
Detailed instructions on the operation of the control(s) shall be provided in the instruction handbook.
Operations when applying plant protection products (PPP) shall be possible wearing appropriate
personal protective equipment (PPE).
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.5.2 Handle
The length of the gripping surface of the handle shall be at least 100 mm.
Compliance shall be checked by measurement.
4 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 28139:2019(E)
4.5.3 Throttle trigger
The machine shall be fitted with a throttle trigger that, when released, automatically reverts to the
idling position and is retained in that position by the automatic engagement of a throttle trigger lockout
device (see 3.5).
Two or more independent motions are required to engage the throttle lock.
The throttle trigger shall be positioned so that it can be pressed and released with a hand holding the
handle on which the throttle trigger is mounted while wearing an appropriate protective glove.
If a throttle lock (see 3.4) is provided for starting the engine, it shall be automatically released when the
throttle trigger is operated.
If a throttle limiting device is provided, it shall be positioned so that it can be operated and easily
released by a gloved hand holding the handle to which the device is mounted. The throttle limiting
device shall not prevent the return of the throttle to the idling position.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection, functional testing and measurement.
4.5.4 Engine stopping device
The machine shall be fitted with an engine stopping device by which the engine can be brought to a
full stop and that does not depend on sustained manual effort for its operation. The control for this
device shall be attached adjacent to the throttle control so that it can be activated by the operator when
holding the gripping area with a hand wearing an appropriate protective glove.
The purpose and method of operation of the device shall be clearly and durably marked. The colour of
the control shall clearly contrast with the background.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional testing.
4.5.5 Starting device
A starting device shall be provided to allow starting of the engine without the need for separate,
independent auxiliary assistance (for example, belts or cables).
When the machine is fitted with an electric starting device, two or more independent motions shall be
required to engage the device.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional testing.
4.5.6 Liquid line shut-off valve
Spray liquid lines shall be equipped with a shut-off device, which shall be positioned so that it can be
easily reached by the operator in the normal operating position. No uncontrolled liquid output shall
occur at least when the engine is at idling mode. The volume emitted within 5 s after spray shut-off shall
not be more than 5 ml.
Compliance shall be checked at idle by inspection and measurement.
4.6 Machine support
The machine shall be supported by a backpack frame designed to distribute the load on the operator’s
back and shoulders.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
ISO 28139:2019(E)
4.6.1 Harness
A double shoulder harness shall be provided to support the machine. It shall be adjustable to fit the size
of the operator.
A double shoulder harness shall be designed so that pressure is evenly distributed on both shoulders of
the operator. The design of the double shoulder harness shall prevent slipping in any direction.
The harness shall be designed and built such that the machine could be quickly released by the operator
in case of emergency.
The straps shall be adjustable in length to meet the needs of the operator while on the operator’s back.
Each shoulder strap shall be adjustable to a length of at least 75 cm, as measured between the fixing
points of the same strap.
Each shoulder strap shall have a load bearing part of a length of at least 250 mm and of a minimum
comfort width of 50 mm.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection, functional testing and measurement.
4.7 Power-driven components
The knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers shall be constructed to ensure that access
to power-driven components such as pulleys, shafts, gears, flywheels and fan blades, and to drive belts
and chains, is prevented.
For openings, such as in covers and guards preventing access to dangerous parts, the safety distances
shall be in accordance with ISO 13857:2008, Table 4.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and measurement.
4.8 Fuel tank
The fuel cap shall have a retainer.
The fuel tank opening shall be at least 20 mm in diameter.
Each opening or cap shall be clearly marked to indicate the function of the tank, and if only the caps are
marked, they shall not be interchangeable between tanks.
The design of the fuel tank assembly shall be such that no leakage occurs while the machine is at
its normal stable operating temperature, in all working and transport positions according to the
information for use. The fuel tank shall have a ventilation system.
The filler openings shall be located so that the action of filling the tanks is not obstructed by other
components. It shall be possible to use a funnel.
The cap retainers, opening dimensions and location shall be verified by measurement and inspection.
The tightness of the caps shall be verified by inspection while turning the machine in any direction in
order to simulate the machine unintentionally falling over to a horizontal position. Seepage from fuel
tank ventilation systems is not regarded as leakage.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection, functional testing and measurement.
4.9 Protection against contact with hot parts
The engine cylinder and parts in direct contact with the cylinder or the muffler shall be protected
against unintentional contact during normal operation of the machine.
Such hot surfaces shall be considered accessible if the contactable area exceeds 10 cm when probed by
the test cone as shown in Figure 2.
6 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 28139:2019(E)
The temperature for the accessible parts of the machine defined above, including guards or shields
provided to prevent access to such hot surfaces, shall not be more than 80 °C for metallic surfaces or
94 °C for plastic surfaces.
Verification shall be done by determining the accessibility of identified hot surfaces using the test cone
shown in Figure 2 and as follows.
Conduct the temperature test in the shade and with a maximum wind speed of 3 m/s. Operate the
engine at maximum speed and carry out the test after surface temperatures have stabilized.
Identify the hot surface area or areas. Determine temperatures using temperature-measuring
equipment with an accuracy of ±2 °C.
If the test is conducted at an ambient temperature outside of the nominal 20 °C ± 3 °C, the recorded
temperatures shall be corrected using Formula (1):
T = T − T + 20 °C (1)
C O A
where
T is the corrected temperature, in degrees Celsius (°C);
C
T is the observed temperature, in degrees Celsius (°C);
O
T is the ambient temperature, in degrees Celsius (°C).
A
Allow the power source to cool before using the cone. It is not necessary to test the accessibility of hot
parts while they are hot.
Apply the test cone shown in Figure 2 in any direction and with a maximum force of (10 ) N. When
−1
moving the cone, determine whether there is any contact between the hot surface area or areas and the
cone’s tip or the conical surface. Neither tip nor conical surface shall come into contact with any hot
surface area greater than 10 cm .
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2 — Test cone
ISO 28139:2019(E)
4.10 Electrical requirements
4.10.1 General
Insulated electric wires shall be protected against abrasive contact with metal and hot surfaces and
shall be resistant to, or protected against, vibration and contact with lubricant and fuel.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.10.2 Ignition circuit
4.10.2.1 Requirement
Ignition interruption or short circuiting shall be provided on the low voltage side.
Access to all high voltage parts of the circuit including spark plug terminals shall be prevented in such a
manner that the operator cannot make accidental contact with them.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and by the test of 4.10.2.2.
4.10.2.2 Test method
The requirements shall be checked by inspection and using the test probe B of IEC 61032:1997.
Test acceptance: the test probe shall not make contact with high voltage parts of the circuit including
spark plug terminals.
4.11 Vibration
4.11.1 Reduction by design at source and by protective measures
Vibration reduction shall be an integral part of the design process thus specifically taking into account
measures at source. The success of the applied vibration reduction measures is assessed on the basis
of the actual vibration total values for each handle. The main sources causing and influencing vibration
are generally the dynamic forces from engine, unbalanced moving parts, impact in gear sprockets,
bearings and other mechanisms, and the interaction between operator and machine.
NOTE CR 1030-1 gives general technical information on widely recognized technical rules and means, and
provides guidelines for the design of reduced hand-arm vibration machines.
4.11.2 Vibration measurement
Vibration shall be measured in accordance with ISO 22867 using so far as appropriate the measurement
conditions specified by Annex E. The equivalent vibration total value shall be calculated and reported
together with the uncertainty of measurement, k.
4.12 Noise
4.12.1 Reduction by design at source and by protective measures
Noise reduction shall be an integral part of the design process thus specifically taking into account
measures at source. The success of the applied noise reduction measures is assessed on the basis of the
actual noise emission values. The main sources causing and influencing noise are the air intake system,
engine cooling system, engine exhaust system and vibrating surfaces.
8 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

--
...