EN ISO 14577-1:2015
(Main)Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters - Part 1: Test method (ISO 14577-1:2015)
Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters - Part 1: Test method (ISO 14577-1:2015)
ISO 14577-1:2015 specifies the method of instrumented indentation test for determination of hardness and other materials parameters for the following three ranges: macro range: 2 N ≤ F ≤ 30 kN; micro range: 2 N > F; h > 0,2 µm; and nano range: h ≤ 0,2 µm.
For the nano range, the mechanical deformation strongly depends on the real shape of indenter tip and the calculated material parameters are significantly influenced by the contact area function of the indenter used in the testing machine. Therefore, careful calibration of both instrument and indenter shape is required in order to achieve an acceptable reproducibility of the materials parameters determined with different machines.
The macro and micro ranges are distinguished by the test forces in relation to the indentation depth.
Attention is drawn to the fact that the micro range has an upper limit given by the test force (2 N) and a lower limit given by the indentation depth of 0,2 µm.
The determination of hardness and other material parameters is given in Annex A.
At high contact pressures, damage to the indenter is possible. For this reason in the macro range, hardmetal indenters are often used. For test pieces with very high hardness and modulus of elasticity, permanent indenter deformation can occur and can be detected using suitable reference materials. It is necessary that its influence on the test result be taken into account.
This test method can also be applied to thin metallic and non-metallic coatings and non-metallic materials. In this case, it is recommended that the specifications in the relevant standards be taken into account (see also 6.3 and ISO 14577‑4).
Metallische Werkstoffe - Instrumentierte Eindringprüfung zur Bestimmung der Härte und anderer Werkstoffparameter - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren (ISO 14577-1:2015)
Dieser Teil von ISO 14577 legt das Verfahren für die instrumentierte Eindringprüfung zur Bestimmung der Härte und anderer Werkstoffparameter für die drei folgenden Bereiche fest:
Makrobereich: 2 ≤ F ≤ 30 kN;
Mikrobereich: 2 N > F; h > 0,2 μm;
Nanobereich: h ≤ 0,2 μm.
ANMERKUNG 1 Im Nanobereich hängt die mechanische Verformung stark von der realen Geometrie der Eindringkörperspitze ab und die berechneten Werkstoffparameter werden wesentlich durch die Flächenfunktion des in der Prüfmaschine verwendeten Eindringkörpers beeinflusst. Deshalb ist eine sorgfältige Kalibrierung der Prüfmaschine und der Eindringkörpergeometrie erforderlich, um eine akzeptable Wiederholpräzision der Werkstoffparameter, die mit verschiedenen Prüfmaschinen bestimmt wurden, zu erhalten.
Der Mikro- und Makrobereich unterscheiden sich durch die die Eindringtiefe bewirkenden Prüfkräfte.
Es ist zu beachten, dass der Mikrobereich nach oben durch die Prüfkraft (2 N) und nach unten durch eine Eindringtiefe von 0,2 μm begrenzt ist.
Für die Bestimmung der Härte und der anderen Werkstoffparameter siehe Anhang A.
Bei hohem Kontaktdruck sind Beschädigungen des Eindringkörpers möglich. Aus diesem Grunde werden im Makrobereich häufig Eindringkörper aus Hartmetall verwendet. Bei Proben mit sehr hoher Härte und sehr großem Elastizitätsmodul kann eine bleibende Verformung des Eindringkörpers auftreten, welche mit Hilfe geeigneter Referenzwerkstoffe nachgewiesen werden kann und es ist notwendig, den entsprechenden Einfluss auf das Prüfergebnis zu berücksichtigen.
ANMERKUNG 2 Dieses Prüfverfahren kann auch zur Prüfung dünner metallischer und nichtmetallischer Beschichtungen und von Nichtmetallen verwendet werden. In diesem Fall wird empfohlen, dass die in den entsprechenden Normen enthaltenen Festlegungen beachtet werden (siehe auch 6.3 in diesem Teil von ISO 14577 und ISO 14577-4).
Matériaux métalliques - Essai de pénétration instrumenté pour la détermination de la dureté et de paramètres des matériaux - Partie 1 : Méthode d'essai (ISO 14577-1:2015)
L'ISO 14577-1:2015 spécifie la méthode d'essai de pénétration instrumenté pour la détermination de la dureté et d'autres paramètres de matériaux pour les trois plages suivantes : Macro-intervalle, 2 kN ≤ F ≤ 30 kN ; Micro-intervalle, 2 > F ; h > 0,2 µm ; et Nano-intervalle, h ≤ 0,2 µm.
Pour la nano-intervalle, la déformation mécanique dépend fortement de la forme réelle de la pointe du pénétrateur, et les paramètres de matériaux calculés sont influencés de manière significative par la fonction d'aire de contact du pénétrateur utilisé sur la machine d'essai. En conséquence, un étalonnage soigné de l'instrument et de la forme du pénétrateur est nécessaire pour obtenir une reproductibilité acceptable des paramètres de matériaux déterminés avec différentes machines.
Les macro- et micro-intervalles se distinguent par les forces d'essai en relation avec la profondeur d'empreinte.
L'attention est attirée sur le fait que le micro-intervalle a une limite supérieure donnée par la force d'essai (2 N) et une limite inférieure donnée par la profondeur d'empreinte de 0,2 µm.
La détermination de la dureté et d'autres paramètres de matériaux est donnée dans l'Annexe A.
L'endommagement du pénétrateur est possible pour les pressions de contact élevées. Pour cette raison, des pénétrateurs en carbure sont souvent utilisés pour la macro-intervalle. Pour les éprouvettes à dureté et module d'élasticité élevés, il convient de tenir compte de l'influence de la déformation du pénétrateur sur le résultat d'essai.
Cette méthode d'essai est également applicable à des revêtements métalliques et non métalliques minces et à des matériaux non métalliques. Dans ce cas, il convient de prendre en compte les spécifications données dans les normes applicables (voir également 6.3 de la présente norme et l'ISO 14577‑4).
Kovinski materiali - Instrumentirano vtiskanje pri preskušanju trdote in drugih lastnosti materialov - 1. del: Preskusna metoda (ISO 14577-1:2015)
Ta del standarda ISO 14577 določa metodo za preskus z instrumentiranim vtiskanjem za ugotavljanje
trdote in drugih lastnosti materialov za naslednje tri ravni:
– makro raven: 2 N ≤ F ≤ 30 kN;
– mikro raven: 2 N > F; h > 0,2 μm;
– nano raven: h ≤ 0,2 μm.
Za nano raven je mehansko preoblikovanje zelo odvisno od dejanske oblike preskusne konice, pri čemer na izračunane lastnosti materialov znatno vpliva funkcija kontaktnega območja preskusne konice, ki se uporabi za preskusni stroj. Zato je treba skrbno kalibrirati instrument in obliko preskusne konice, da se doseže sprejemljiva ponovljivost lastnosti materialov, ki se ugotovijo z različnimi stroji.
Makro raven in mikro raven se razlikujeta glede na preskusne sile pri globini vtisa. Upoštevati je treba tudi, da ima mikro raven zgornjo mejo, podano s preskusno silo (2 N), in spodnjo mejo, podano z globino vtisa 0,2 μm.
Ugotavljanje trdote in drugih lastnosti materialov je podano v dodatku A. Ob visokih kontaktnih silah se lahko preskusna konica poškoduje. Zato se za makro raven pogosto uporabljajo preskusne konice iz trdih kovin. Pri preskušancih zelo velike trdote in modulov elastičnosti lahko pride do trajnega preoblikovanja preskusne konice, kar je mogoče ugotoviti s primernimi referenčnimi materiali. Obvezno je treba upoštevati vpliv, ki ga ima to na rezultate preskusa.
To preskusno metodo je mogoče uporabiti tudi za tanke kovinske in nekovinske prevleke ter nekovinske materiale. V tem primeru je priporočeno, da upoštevate specifikacije v ustreznih standardih (glej tudi 6.3 in ISO 14577-4).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14577-1:2004
Kovinski materiali - Instrumentirano vtiskanje pri preskušanju trdote in drugih
lastnosti materialov - 1. del: Preskusna metoda (ISO 14577-1:2015)
Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters
- Part 1: Test method (ISO 14577-1:2015)
Metallische Werkstoffe - Instrumentierte Eindringprüfung zur Bestimmung der Härte und
anderer Werkstoffparameter - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren (ISO 14577-1:2015)
Matériaux métalliques - Essai de pénétration instrumenté pour la détermination de la
dureté et de paramètres des matériaux - Partie 1: Méthode d'essai (ISO 14577-1:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14577-1:2015
ICS:
77.040.10 Mehansko preskušanje kovin Mechanical testing of metals
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 14577-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2015
ICS 77.040.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14577-1:2002
English Version
Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness
and materials parameters - Part 1: Test method (ISO 14577-
1:2015)
Matériaux métalliques - Essai de pénétration instrumenté Metallische Werkstoffe - Instrumentierte Eindringprüfung
pour la détermination de la dureté et de paramètres des zur Bestimmung der Härte und anderer Werkstoffparameter
matériaux - Partie 1 : Méthode d'essai (ISO 14577-1:2015) - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren (ISO 14577-1:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 April 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
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© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14577-1:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents
Page
European foreword .3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14577-1:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164 “Mechanical
testing of metals” in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 101 “Test methods for steel (other
than chemical analysis)” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by January 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14577-1:2002.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14577-1:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14577-1:2015 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14577-1
Second edition
2015-07-15
Metallic materials — Instrumented
indentation test for hardness and
materials parameters —
Part 1:
Test method
Matériaux métalliques — Essai de pénétration instrumenté pour la
détermination de la dureté et de paramètres des matériaux —
Partie 1: Méthode d’essai
Reference number
ISO 14577-1:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
ISO 14577-1:2015(E)
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
ISO 14577-1:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Symbols and designations . 2
4 Principle . 4
5 Testing machine . 4
6 Test piece . 5
7 Procedure. 5
8 Uncertainty of the results . 8
9 Test report . 9
Annex A (normative) Materials parameters determined from the force/indentation depth
data set .11
Annex B (informative) Types of control use for the indentation process .24
Annex C (normative) Machine compliance and indenter area function .25
Annex D (informative) Notes on diamond indenters .27
Annex E (normative) Influence of the test piece surface roughness on the accuracy of
the results .28
Annex F (informative) Correlation of indentation hardness H to Vickers hardness .29
IT
Annex G (normative) Drift and creep rate determination .31
Annex H (informative) Estimation of uncertainty of the calculated values of hardness and
materials parameters .33
Annex I (normative) Calculation of radial displacement correction .43
Bibliography .45
ISO 14577-1:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee
SC 3, Hardness testing.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14577-1:2002), which has been
technically revised.
ISO 14577 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials — Instrumented
indentation test for hardness and materials parameters:
— Part 1: Test method
— Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines
— Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks
— Part 4: Test method for metallic and non-metallic coatings
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
ISO 14577-1:2015(E)
Introduction
Hardness has typically been defined as the resistance of a material to permanent penetration by
another harder material. The results obtained when performing Rockwell, Vickers, and Brinell tests are
determined after the test force has been removed. Therefore, the effect of elastic deformation under the
indenter has been ignored.
ISO 14577 (all parts) has been prepared to enable the user to evaluate the indentation of materials by
considering both the force and displacement during plastic and elastic deformation. By monitoring the
complete cycle of increasing and removal of the test force, hardness values equivalent to traditional
hardness values can be determined. More significantly, additional properties of the material, such as
its indentation modulus and elasto-plastic hardness, can also be determined. All these values can be
calculated without the need to measure the indent optically. Furthermore, by a variety of techniques, the
instrumented indentation test allows to record hardness and modulus depth profiles within a, probably
complex, indentation cycle.
ISO 14577 (all parts) has been written to allow a wide variety of post-test data analysis.
...
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