EN ISO 294-5:2013
(Main)Plastics - Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials - Part 5: Preparation of standard specimens for investigating anisotropy (ISO 294-5:2011)
Plastics - Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials - Part 5: Preparation of standard specimens for investigating anisotropy (ISO 294-5:2011)
ISO 294-5:2011 specifies a two-cavity mould (designated the type F ISO mould) for the injection moulding of 80 mm x 90 mm plates with a preferred thickness of 2 mm for single-point data acquisition because 2 mm has been found to provide the maximum anisotropic properties, with only a slight sensitivity to the rate of injection. For the design of plastic parts, this will provide upper and lower bounds for the tensile properties. Matching the plate thickness to a given part thickness is not a suitable criterion because of the effect of mould filling rate and part geometry on anisotropy. Suitable test specimens [ISO 527‑2 type 1BA tensile test specimens or type 1 (80 mm x 10 mm) bars] are then machined or die-cut from the plates and used to obtain information on the anisotropy of thermoplastic parts.
Investigation of the anisotropy of materials is a special procedure intended to provide guidance in the design of mouldings for end-use applications and is not intended as a quality control tool.
In the injection moulding of thermoplastic materials, the flow of molten polymer may influence the orientation of fillers such as fibreglass or the orientation of polymer chains. This can result in anisotropic behaviour. The knowledge of anisotropic behaviour is valuable in designing plastic parts.
Kunststoffe - Spritzgießen von Probekörpern aus Thermoplasten - Teil 5: Herstellung von Standardprobekörpern zur Ermittlung der Anisotropie (ISO 294-5:2011)
Dieser Teil von ISO 294 legt ein Zweifachwerkzeug fest (bezeichnet als ISO Werkzeug Typ F) zum Spritz-gießen von Platten mit den Maßen 80 mm 90 mm und einer bevorzugten Dicke von 2 mm für die Erfassung von Einpunktkennwerten, weil sich gezeigt hat, dass 2 mm die maximalen anisotropen Eigenschaften mit nur geringer Empfindlichkeit gegenüber der Einspritzgeschwindigkeit bieten. Bei der Gestaltung von Kunststoffbauteilen bietet das die Ober und Untergrenzen für die Zugeigenschaften. Die Anpassung der Plattendicke an eine gegebene Bauteildicke ist wegen der Auswirkung der Werkzeug-Füllrate und der Bauteilgeometrie auf die Anisotropie kein geeignetes Kriterium. Geeignete Probekörper [ISO 527 2, Probekörper Typ 1BA, oder Probekörperstäbe Typ 1 (80 mm 10 mm) für den Zugversuch] werden durch mechanische Bearbeitung oder Ausstanzen aus den Platten hergestellt (siehe Anhang A) und verwendet, um Angaben zur Anisotropie der thermoplastischen Kunststoffteile zu erhalten.
Die Untersuchung der Anisotropie von Thermoplasten ist ein spezielles Verfahren, das vorgesehen ist, eine Orientierungshilfe bei der Gestaltung von Spritzgussformen für Endanwendungen zu bieten, und nicht als Werkzeug zur Qualitätssicherung bestimmt ist.
Beim Spritzgießen von Thermoplasten kann der Fluss des geschmolzenen Polymers die Ausrichtung von Füllstoffen, z. B. Glasfasern, oder die Ausrichtung von Polymerketten beeinträchtigen. Das kann sich auf das anisotrope Verhalten auswirken. Die Kenntnis des anisotropen Verhaltens ist bei der Gestaltung von Kunststoffteilen von Nutzen.
Für die Anwendung des vorliegenden Teils der ISO 294 ist die Fließrichtung als die Richtung vom Anschnitt (Zulauf) bis zum äußersten Ende des Formnests und die Querrichtung als die Richtung senkrecht zur Fließrichtung festgelegt.
Das Werkzeug Typ F soll nicht das Werkzeug Typ D ersetzen, das benutzt wird, um die Formteilschwindung von Thermoplasten zu ermitteln.
Plastiques - Moulage par injection des éprouvettes de matériaux thermoplastiques - Partie 5: Préparation d'éprouvettes normalisées pour déterminer l'anisotropie (ISO 294-5:2011)
L'ISO 294-5:2011 spécifie un moule à deux empreintes (appelé moule ISO de type F) pour le moulage par injection de plaques de 80 mm x 90 mm ayant une épaisseur préférentielle de 2 mm pour l'acquisition de caractéristiques intrinsèques car il s'est s'avéré qu'une épaisseur de 2 mm apporte les propriétés anisotropes maximales, avec seulement une légère sensibilité à la vitesse d'injection. Pour la conception des pièces en matière plastique, cela va apporter des limites inférieures et supérieures aux propriétés en traction. La correspondance entre l'épaisseur de la plaque et l'épaisseur d'une pièce donnée n'est pas un critère approprié à cause des effets de la vitesse de remplissage du moule et de la géométrie des pièces sur l'anisotropie. Des éprouvettes appropriées [éprouvettes pour essais de traction de type 1BA selon l'ISO 527‑2, ou barreaux de type 1 (80 mm x 10 mm)] sont alors usinées ou prélevées à l'emporte-pièce dans les plaques et utilisées pour obtenir des informations concernant l'anisotropie de pièces thermoplastiques.
La détermination de l'anisotropie des matériaux est un mode opératoire spécial destiné à fournir des lignes directrices lors de la conception des moulages pour des applications finales et n'est pas destiné à être utilisé comme outil de contrôle qualité.
Dans un thermoplastique moulé par injection, le flux du polymère fondu peut influer sur l'orientation des charges comme les fibres de verre ou sur l'orientation des chaînes de polymères. Il peut en découler un comportement anisotrope. Le fait de connaître le comportement anisotrope du matériau constitue un avantage lors de la conception des pièces en matériaux plastiques.
Polimerni materiali - Vbrizgavanje plastomernih preskušancev - 5. del: Priprava standardnih preskušancev za preiskovanje anizotropije (ISO 294-5:2011)
Ta del standarda ISO 294 določa kalupe z dvema vdolbinama (označeni kot tip kalupa F ISO) za vbrizgavanje 80 in 90-mm plošč s priporočeno debelino 2 mm za enotočkovno pridobivanje, ker je bilo ugotovljeno, da debelina 2 mm zagotavlja maksimalne anizotropne lastnosti z le rahlo občutljivostjo na hitrost vbrizgavanja. To ponuja zgornjo in spodnjo mejo nateznih lastnosti za zasnovo delov iz polimernih materialov. Ujemanje debeline plošče z debelino določenega dela ni primerno merilo zaradi učinka hitrosti polnjenja kalupa in geometrije dela na anizotropijo. Primerni preskušanci [preskušanci za natezni preskus vrste 1BA po standardu ISO 527-2 ali palice vrste 1 (80 mm. 10 mm)] so nato strojno izrezani ali izsekani iz plošč (glej dodatek A) in uporabljeni za pridobivanje podatkov o anizotropiji plastomerov. Raziskava anizotropije materialov je poseben postopek, namenjen za pripravo smernic pri zasnovi oblikovancev za končno uporabo in ni predviden kot orodje za nadzor kakovosti. Pri vbrizgavanju plastomernih materialov lahko tok tekočega polimera vpliva na orientacijo polnil, kot so steklena vlakna, ali orientacijo polimernih verig. To lahko povzroči anizotropno vedenje. Poznavanje anizotropnega vedenja je pomembno pri oblikovanju delov iz polimernih materialov. Za namene tega dela standarda ISO 294 je smer toka določena kot smer od vrat do konca vlivne odprtine, prečna smer pa kot smer, ki je pravokotna na smer toka. Kalup tipa F ni namenjen za zamenjavo kalupa tipa D, ki se uporablja za ugotavljanje vlivnega krčenja polimernih materialov.
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Polimerni materiali - Vbrizgavanje plastomernih preskušancev - 5. del: Priprava standardnih preskušancev za preiskovanje anizotropije (ISO 294-5:2011)Kunststoffe - Spritzgießen von Probekörpern aus Thermoplasten - Teil 5: Herstellung von Standardprobekörpern zur Ermittlung der Anisotropie (ISO 294-5:2011)Plastiques - Moulage par injection des éprouvettes de matériaux thermoplastiques - Partie 5: Préparation d'éprouvettes normalisées pour déterminer l'anisotropie (ISO 294-5:2011)Plastics - Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials - Part 5: Preparation of standard specimens for investigating anisotropy (ISO 294-5:2011)83.080.20PlastomeriThermoplastic materialsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN ISO 294-5:2013SIST EN ISO 294-5:2014en,fr,de01-maj-2014SIST EN ISO 294-5:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN ISO 294-5
January 2013 ICS 83.080.20 English Version
Plastics - Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials - Part 5: Preparation of standard specimens for investigating anisotropy (ISO 294-5:2011)
Plastiques - Moulage par injection des éprouvettes de matériaux thermoplastiques - Partie 5: Préparation d'éprouvettes normalisées pour déterminer l'anisotropie (ISO 294-5:2011)
Kunststoffe - Spritzgießen von Probekörpern aus Thermoplasten - Teil 5: Herstellung von Standardprobekörpern zur Ermittlung der Anisotropie (ISO 294-5:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 December 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
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Reference numberISO 294-5:2011(E)© ISO 2011
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO294-5Second edition2011-04-15Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 5: Preparation of standard specimens for investigating anisotropy Plastiques — Moulage par injection des éprouvettes de matériaux thermoplastiques — Partie 5: Préparation d'éprouvettes normalisées pour déterminer l'anisotropie
ISO 294-5:2011(E)
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ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel.
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ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
ISO 294-5:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword . iv Introduction . v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 4 Apparatus . 2 5 Procedure . 4 6 Report on test-specimen preparation . 5 Annex A (normative)
Preparation of test specimens . 6
ISO 294-5:2011(E) iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 294-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 9, Thermoplastic materials. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 294-5:2001), which has been technically revised. The main change concerns the thickness of the test specimens produced, which is now 2 mm as opposed to 3 mm in the previous edition. In addition, the maximum mould-locking force in 4.2 has been recalculated. It also cancels and replaces the Amendment ISO 294-5:2001/Amd.1:2004. In addition, it incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 294-5:2001/Cor.1:2003. ISO 294 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials: Part 1: General principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens Part 2: Small tensile bars Part 3: Small plates Part 4: Determination of moulding shrinkage Part 5: Preparation of standard specimens for investigating anisotropy
ISO 294-5:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved v Introduction Reinforced and self-reinforcing injection-mouldable thermoplastics are used in a wide variety of applications, some of which can be safety-related. During the injection-moulding process, reinforcement fibres can preferentially align with the flow of the molten material and not across the flow direction. This preferential alignment causes an imbalance in the properties of the moulded thermoplastic so that, in the flow direction, the alignment of the reinforcing fibres causes a higher strength and stiffness than in the cross direction with fewer aligned fibres. This difference in properties is termed anisotropy, and it may result in an injection-moulded component having less than the desired or designed strength. To aid designers in understanding the potential strength of an injection-moulded component, it is desirable to know about the anisotropy of an injection-moulded component. During the development of this part of ISO 294, it was found that injection-moulded test specimens do not exhibit the same fibre alignment across their thickness, but that the outer layers have fibre
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