EN 933-4:2008
(Main)Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 4: Determination of particle shape - Shape index
Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 4: Determination of particle shape - Shape index
This standard describes the reference method used for type testing in cases of dispute, for the determination of the shape index of coarse aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
The test method specified in this European Standard is applicable to particle size fractions di/Di where Di ≤ 63 mm and di ≥ 4 mm.
Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 4: Bestimmung der Kornform - Kornformkennzahl
Diese Norm beschreibt das Referenzverfahren für die Erstprüfung und in Streitfällen für die Bestimmung der Kornformkennzahl von groben Gesteinskörnungen. Für andere Zwecke, speziell im Rahmen der werkseigenen Produktionskontrolle, dürfen andere Verfahren angewendet werden, sofern ein ausreichender Zusammenhang mit dem Referenzverfahren nachgewiesen wurde.
Das in dieser Europäischen Norm festgelegte Prüfverfahren ist für Kornklassen di/Di mit Di 63 mm und di 4 mm anwendbar.
Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques des granulats - Partie 4: Détermination de la forme des granulats - Indice de forme
La présente norme décrit la méthode de référence utilisée pour les essais de type et, en cas de conflit, pour la détermination de l’indice de forme des gravillons. Pour d'autres objectifs, en particulier dans le cadre du contrôle de la production en usine, d'autres méthodes peuvent être employées si une corrélation appropriée avec la méthode de référence a été établie.
La méthode d'essai spécifiée dans la présente Norme européenne s'applique à la fraction granulaire di/Di où Di = 63 mm et di = 4 mm.
Preskusi geometričnih lastnosti agregatov - 4. del: Določevanje oblike zrn - Modul oblike
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 11-Mar-2008
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 154 - Aggregates
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 154 - Aggregates
- Current Stage
- 9092 - Decision on results of review/2YR ENQ - revise - Review Enquiry
- Start Date
- 31-Jul-2018
- Completion Date
- 14-Apr-2025
- Directive
- 89/106/EEC - Construction products
Relations
- Effective Date
- 22-Dec-2008
Overview
EN 933-4:2008 (CEN) defines the reference laboratory method for determining the shape index of coarse aggregates. The standard is intended primarily for type testing and resolution of disputes; alternative methods may be used for factory production control provided an appropriate working relationship with the reference method is established. The method applies to particle size fractions di/Di where Di ≤ 63 mm and di ≥ 4 mm.
The shape index (SI) is expressed as the mass percentage of particles classified as non-cubical - those with a length-to-thickness ratio (L/E) greater than 3 - relative to the total dry mass of the test portion.
Key Topics
- Principle: Individual particles are measured (or assessed) for length (L) and thickness (E). Particles with L/E > 3 are classified as non-cubical. SI = (mass of non-cubical particles ÷ total test portion mass) × 100.
- Apparatus: Includes test sieves (EN 933-2), particle slide gauge (example provided), ventilated oven (110 ± 5 °C) for drying, balances readable to 0.1% of the mass, trays and sieving equipment (EN 932-5 for general requirements).
- Sample preparation: Reduce and dry the sample to constant mass per EN 932-2; sieve to produce the particle size fractions to be tested; discard oversize (>63 mm) and undersize (<4 mm) as applicable.
- Test portion mass (minimum values): guidance in EN 933-4 provides minimum test portion masses for typical upper aggregate sizes, for example:
- D = 63 mm → minimum test portion mass 45 kg
- D = 32 mm → 6 kg
- D = 16 mm → 1 kg
- D = 8 mm → 0,1 kg (Adjustments are specified for aggregates with atypical particle density.)
- Procedure: Test each applicable size fraction (Di ≤ 2·di). For large or reduced size fractions, calculate weighted means using mass percentages of size fractions when required.
- Reporting: The test report must reference EN 933-4:2008, identify the laboratory and sample, list particle size fractions tested, and give the shape index (SI) rounded to the nearest whole number.
Applications
- Provides a benchmark reference method for type testing and legal or commercial dispute resolution involving aggregate shape.
- Supports quality control (QC) and conformity assessment when factory methods are correlated to the reference method.
- Useful for specifiers and suppliers of aggregates for concrete, asphalt and other construction uses where particle shape affects workability and mechanical performance.
- Helps identify and quantify the proportion of elongated or flaky particles (non-cubical) in coarse aggregate lots.
Related Standards
- EN 933 series (other parts): EN 933-1, EN 933-2, EN 933-3, EN 933-5 to EN 933-10
- EN 932-2, EN 932-5 (sample reduction and general equipment requirements)
- EN 1097-6 (particle density and water absorption)
For laboratories and procurement teams, EN 933-4:2008 is a key reference for consistent measurement of particle shape and for establishing traceable relationships between production control methods and the reference procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 933-4:2008 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 4: Determination of particle shape - Shape index". This standard covers: This standard describes the reference method used for type testing in cases of dispute, for the determination of the shape index of coarse aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. The test method specified in this European Standard is applicable to particle size fractions di/Di where Di ≤ 63 mm and di ≥ 4 mm.
This standard describes the reference method used for type testing in cases of dispute, for the determination of the shape index of coarse aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. The test method specified in this European Standard is applicable to particle size fractions di/Di where Di ≤ 63 mm and di ≥ 4 mm.
EN 933-4:2008 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 933-4:2008 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 933-4:1999. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 933-4:2008 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 305/2011, 89/106/EEC; Standardization Mandates: M/124, M/125. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2008
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 933-4:2000
3UHVNXVLJHRPHWULþQLKODVWQRVWLDJUHJDWRYGHO 'RORþHYDQMHREOLNH]UQ0RGXO
REOLNH
Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 4: Determination of particle shape -
Shape index
Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 4:
Bestimmung der Kornform - Kornformkennzahl
Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques des granulats - Partie 4:
Détermination de la forme des granulats - Indice de forme
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 933-4:2008
ICS:
91.100.15 Mineralni materiali in izdelki Mineral materials and
products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 933-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2008
ICS 91.100.15 Supersedes EN 933-4:1999
English Version
Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 4:
Determination of particle shape - Shape index
Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von
des granulats - Partie 4: Détermination de la forme des Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 4: Bestimmung der Kornform -
granulats - Coefficient de forme Kornformkennzahl
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 February 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 933-4:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions .4
4 Principle.5
5 Apparatus .5
6 Preparation of test portion.6
7 Procedure .7
8 Calculation and expression of results.8
9 Test report .9
Annex A (informative) Example of a test data sheet used for determining the shape index of
coarse aggregate .11
Foreword
This document (EN 933-4:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154 “Aggregates”, the
secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by September 2008.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 933-4:1999.
This European Standard is one of a series of standards for tests for geometrical properties of aggregates. Test
methods for other properties of aggregates are covered by Parts of the following European Standards:
EN 932, Tests for general properties of aggregates
EN 1097, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates
EN 1367, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates
EN 1744, Tests for chemical properties of aggregates
EN 13179, Tests for filler aggregate used in bituminous mixtures
The other parts of EN 933 are:
Part 1 - Determination of particle size distribution - Sieving method
Part 2 - Determination of particle size distribution - Test sieves, nominal size of apertures
Part 3 - Determination of particle shape - Flakiness index
Part 5 - Determination of percentage of crushed and broken surfaces in coarse aggregate particles
Part 6 - Assessment of surface characteristics - Flow coefficient of aggregates
Part 7 - Determination of shell content - Percentage of shells in coarse aggregates
Part 8 - Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test
Part 9 - Assessment of fines - Methylene blue test
Part 10 - Assessment of fines - Grading of fillers (air jet sieving)
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute, for the
determination of the shape index of coarse aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production
control, other methods may be used provided an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has
been established.
The test method specified in this European Standard is applicable to particle size fractions d/D where D
i i i
≤ 63 mm and d ≥ 4 mm.
i
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 932-2, Test for general properties of aggregates - Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples
EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 5: Common equipment and calibration
EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution -
Sieving method
EN 933-2, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution -
Test sieves, nominal size of apertures
EN 1097-6, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 6: Determination of the particle
density and water absorption
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
aggregate size
designation of aggregate in terms of lower (d) and upper (D) sieve sizes, expressed as d/D
NOTE This designation accepts the presence of some particles which will be retained on the upper sieve (oversize) and
some which will pass the lower sieve (undersize).
3.2
particle size fraction d /D
i i
fraction of an aggregate passing the larger (D ) of two sieves and retained on th
...
この標準文書SIST EN 933-4:2008は、粗骨材の粒子形状を評価するための重要な基準を提供しています。特に、形状指数の決定に 관한参照方法が明確に定義されており、紛争時における型試験に利用されることを目的としています。この基準の適用範囲は、粒子サイズ分級di/Diが63 mm以下かつ4 mm以上の硬質材料に対応しており、多様な用途での信頼性があります。 本標準の大きな強みは、その明確なテスト方法にあります。形状指数の算出は、粗骨材の品質評価において極めて重要であり、適切な測定手法を使用することで一貫した結果を保証します。さらに、工場での生産管理においては、他の方法を用いることも許可されているため、実際の業務に柔軟に対応できる点も見逃せません。 業界における粗骨材の特性評価において、SIST EN 933-4:2008はその関連性と実用性において非常に重要な役割を果たしています。この標準が提供する形状指数の決定手法は、品質管理や製品の信頼性を向上させるために不可欠な要素です。従って、建設や土木の分野においても、品質保証の基盤としての役割を果たします。
The standard EN 933-4:2008 provides a comprehensive framework for the determination of particle shape in coarse aggregates, addressing critical geometrical properties that influence material performance in various applications. The main strength of this standard lies in its establishment of a reference method that is crucial for type testing, particularly in disputed cases. This ensures consistency and reliability in the assessment of the shape index of coarse aggregates, which is essential for quality control and compliance in construction and related industries. The scope of this standard is well-defined, explicitly targeting particle size fractions where Di ≤ 63 mm and di ≥ 4 mm. This specificity allows for focused testing, making it highly relevant for materials typically encountered in construction. By outlining the methodical approach to determining the shape index, the standard facilitates better understanding and evaluation of aggregate properties, ultimately leading to more informed decisions in material selection and usage. Moreover, while the EN 933-4:2008 standard serves as the authoritative reference method, it also recognizes the flexibility of using alternative methods for factory production control, provided they establish an appropriate working relationship with the reference method. This adaptability ensures that industries can maintain efficiency and effectiveness in their processes without compromising on quality and compliance. In summary, EN 933-4:2008 stands out as a significant standard in the field of aggregate testing, offering a robust methodology for assessing particle shape. Its scope, strengths in reliability and adaptability, and clear applicability make it a vital resource for professionals involved in construction and material science, ensuring that the shape characteristics of aggregates meet the necessary specifications for their intended applications.
Die Norm EN 933-4:2008 befasst sich mit den geometrischen Eigenschaften von Gesteinskörnungen und legt die Methode zur Bestimmung des Formindex von groben Gesteinskörnungen fest. Der Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm ist klar definiert und dient als Referenzmethode für die Typprüfung in Streitfällen. Dies ist besonders relevant, da eine objektive und standardisierte Vorgehensweise zur Bestimmung der Form von Gesteinskörnungen entscheidend ist, um Konsistenz und Qualität in der Bauindustrie zu gewährleisten. Ein zentraler Stärke der Norm ist ihre Anwendbarkeit auf spezifische Korngrößenfraktionen, insbesondere im Bereich von Di ≤ 63 mm und di ≥ 4 mm. Diese eindeutige Abgrenzung der Partikelgrößen sorgt dafür, dass die Testergebnisse für verschiedene Anwendungen in der Industrie validiert werden können. Die Norm bietet somit eine wichtige Grundlage für die Analyse und Bewertung der Form von Gesteinskörnungen, die für verschiedene Bauprojekte unerlässlich sind. Ein weiterer bedeutender Aspekt der EN 933-4:2008 ist die Möglichkeit, alternative Methoden zu verwenden, solange eine angemessene Arbeitsbeziehung mit der Referenzmethode etabliert ist. Dies ermöglicht Flexibilität in der industriellen Produktion und fördert die Innovation, während gleichzeitig die Verlässlichkeit der Ergebnisse sichergestellt wird. Die Relevanz dieser Norm erstreckt sich auf die gesamte Bauwirtschaft, da die Form des Gesteins einen direkten Einfluss auf die verbesserten Eigenschaften von Baustoffen hat. Daher trägt die richtige Anwendung des Formindex entscheidend zur Sicherstellung von Qualität und Sicherheit in der Bauindustrie bei. Insgesamt stellt die EN 933-4:2008 eine unverzichtbare Ressource für Fachleute dar, die an der kontinuierlichen Verbesserung von Verfahren zur Bestimmung der geometrischen Eigenschaften von Gesteinskörnungen interessiert sind.
SIST EN 933-4:2008 표준은 집합체의 기하학적 특성 테스트에 관한 것으로, 특히 필수적인 부분인 모양 지수의 결정 방법에 중점을 두고 있습니다. 이 표준은 논란 발생 시의 유형 테스트를 위한 기준 방법을 자세히 설명하고 있어, 제약 조건을 명확히 하여 일관된 결과를 보장합니다. 주요 강점 중 하나는 이 표준이 분쟁 상황에서 적절한 방법론을 제시함으로써 신뢰성과 투명성을 제공한다는 점입니다. 모양 지수를 정확히 측정하기 위한 기준을 설정함으로써, 다양한 응용 분야에서 공정한 비교가 가능해집니다. 또한, 모양 지수 측정에 있어 바위의 크기 범위인 di/Di (Di ≤ 63 mm 및 di ≥ 4 mm)에 적용 가능한 점도 이 표준의 유용성을 높이는 요소입니다. SIST EN 933-4:2008 표준은 또한 공장 생산 관리와 관련된 다른 방법들도 사용할 수 있도록 허용하면서, 기준 방법과의 적절한 관계를 강조합니다. 이러한 유연성은 산업 현장에서 인지할 수 있는 다양한 조건에 효율적으로 대응할 수 있는 기반을 제공합니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 933-4:2008 표준은 집합체의 모양 지수를 측정하는 데 있어 필수적이며, 품질 보증 및 공정 관리에서 중요한 역할을 수행합니다. 이 표준의 채택은 건축 및 토목 분야에서의 자료 품질 향상에 크게 기여할 것입니다.
La norme SIST EN 933-4:2008 est un document essentiel pour la détermination des propriétés géométriques des granulats, en particulier pour l'évaluation de l'index de forme des granulats grossiers. Cette norme se distingue par son cadre de référence clair, définissant les méthodes de test appropriées pour les situations de litige concernant l'index de forme. Ses points forts résident dans sa rigueur méthodologique, garantissant des résultats fiables et reproductibles. La norme est spécifiquement applicable aux fractions de taille de particules comprises entre di et Di, avec des dimensions allant de 4 mm à 63 mm, ce qui en fait un outil précieux pour les producteurs et les laboratoires d'essai. En effet, l'utilisation d'une méthode standardisée permet d'obtenir une évaluation précise de la forme des particules, un critère crucial pour la qualité des matériaux de construction. De plus, bien que la norme serve de référence pour les tests de type, elle reconnaît également la flexibilité dans l'application d'autres méthodes pour le contrôle de la production en usine, à condition de maintenir une relation de travail appropriée avec la méthode de référence. Cela souligne la pertinence et l'adaptabilité de la norme SIST EN 933-4:2008 face aux différentes exigences industrielles. En somme, cette norme est un instrument fondamental pour assurer la qualité et la conformité des granulats sur le marché.
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