EN 14363:2016+A2:2022
(Main)Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
This European Standard defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm).
In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, this standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes. This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval.
The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which:
- are newly developed;
- have had relevant design modifications; or
- have changes in their operating conditions.
The assessment process is based on specified target test conditions (see 3.1) given in this document.
Experience over many years has demonstrated that vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions, if the current general operating rules are applied. As an example it is generally current practice to restrict cant deficiency in curves below a certain radius. It may be necessary to adapt these operating rules, if a deterioration of the infrastructure conditions is observed. These operating rules are defined on a national basis. The procedure to evaluate these operating rules is out of the scope of this standard.
NOTE 1 There are margins included in the specified limit values and the statistical evaluation. They cannot be quantified, but they explain why vehicles can also be operated at full speed and cant deficiency in many cases outside of the target test conditions.
This standard also enables the demonstration of compliance against the target test conditions for the case that their combination is not achievable during tests. It is also possible to carry out the assessment of a vehicle for limited test conditions such as test zones 1 and 2 or reduced speed or reduced cant deficiency. In this case the approval of the vehicle shall be restricted accordingly.
NOTE 2 National regulations sometimes allow the increase or decrease of the values for speed, curve radius and cant deficiency for local operation based on safety considerations taking into account the local characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout, track structure, track geometrical quality and contact conditions). These local characteristics can be different from those included in the assessment for the vehicle acceptance.
NOTE 3 The methods of this standard can also be applied to gather information about the compatibility between the vehicle and infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions. The results of such investigations can be used to determine safe operating rules for such infrastructure conditions.
Where testing the vehicle demonstrates that the performance of a vehicle complies with the requirements of this standard when operating at maximum speed and maximum cant deficiency under infrastructure conditions that are more severe than the target test conditions, the obtained results are accepted and there is no need to carry out additional tests to fulfil the requirements defined in this standard.
This standard addresses four aspects:
1) Vehicles
The assessment of the running characteristics applies principally to all railway vehicles. The document contains acceptance criteria for all types of vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (of the highest loaded wheelset of the vehicle in the assessed load configuration specified in 5.3.2). In addition for freight vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 250 kN the acceptance criteria are defined. The acceptance criteria given in this document apply to vehicles designed to operate on standard gauge tracks.
Bahnanwendungen - Versuche und Simulationen für die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Fahrverhalten und stationäre Versuche
Applications ferroviaires - Essais et simulations en vue de l'homologation des caractéristiques dynamiques des véhicules ferroviaires - Comportement dynamique et essais stationnaires
Železniške naprave - Preskušanje in simuliranje voznih karakteristik pri prevzemu železniških vozil - Preskušanje obnašanja med vožnjo in mirovanjem
Ta evropski standard določa postopek za ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik železniških vozil za evropsko omrežje standardnih profilnih tirnic (nominalno 1435 mm).
Poleg ocenjevanja voznih karakteristik vozil za prevzemne postopke standard določa tudi količine in odvisnosti, ki niso neposredno uporabljene za prevzemne namene. Te informacije so na primer namenjene za ovrednotenje simulacijskih modelov. Uporabljajo se lahko tudi za določanje obratovalnih pogojev zunaj referenčnih pogojev, ki bodo uporabljeni za odobritev.
Ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik se uporablja za:
– novo razvita vozila;
– vozila z bistveno spremenjeno zasnovo; ali
– vozila s spremenjenimi obratovalnimi pogoji.
Ocenjevalni postopek temelji na določenih ciljnih preskusnih pogojih (glej 3.1), podanih v tem dokumentu.
Večletne izkušnje so pokazale, da lahko vozila, ki so skladna s tem standardom, varno obratujejo na infrastrukturi v pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od ciljnih pogojev, če so upoštevana veljavna splošna pravila glede obratovanja. Primer: v splošnem je trenutna praksa omejevanje primanjkljaja nadvišanja v krivinah, ki ne dosegajo določenega polmera. V primeru poslabšanja infrastrukturnih pogojev je morda treba prilagoditi pravila glede obratovanja. Ta pravila so določena na nacionalni ravni. Postopek za vrednotenje teh pravil ni zajet v tem standardu.
OPOMBA 1: V določenih mejnih vrednostih so vključene razlike in statistično vrednotenje. Ni jih mogoče kvantificirati, vendar pojasnjujejo, zakaj je vozila mogoče upravljati tudi pri polni hitrosti in primanjkljaju nadvišanja v mnogih primerih izven ciljnih preskusnih pogojev.
Standard prav tako omogoča prikaz skladnosti glede na ciljne preskusne pogoje v primeru, da takšne kombinacije med preskušanjem ni mogoče doseči. Vrednotenje vozila je mogoče opraviti tudi za omejene preskusne pogoje, kot sta preskusni coni 1 in 2 ali zmanjšana hitrost ali zmanjšan primanjkljaj nadvišanja. V tem primeru je treba ustrezno omejiti odobritev vozil.
OPOMBA 2: Nacionalni predpisi včasih dovoljujejo povečanje ali zmanjšanje vrednosti za hitrost, polmer krivine in primanjkljaj nadvišanja za lokalno obratovanje na podlagi varnostnih napotkov ter ob upoštevanju lokalnih karakteristik infrastrukture (razporeditev tirov, struktura tirov, geometrijska kakovost tirov in kontaktni pogoji). Te lokalne karakteristike se lahko razlikujejo od tistih, ki so vključene v ocenjevanje za prevzem vozila.
OPOMBA 3: Metode iz tega standarda je mogoče uporabiti tudi za zbiranje informacij o združljivosti vozila in infrastrukture pri pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od ciljnih pogojev preskušanja. Rezultate takšnih preiskav je mogoče uporabiti za določitev pravil glede varnega obratovanja v takšnih infrastrukturnih pogojih.
Če preskus pokaže, da vozilo ob največji hitrosti in največjem primanjkljaju nadvišanja v infrastrukturnih pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od ciljnih preskusnih pogojev, obratuje v skladu z zahtevami tega standarda, se pridobljene rezultate sprejme in dodatno preskušanje za izpolnitev zahtev, določenih v tem standardu, ni potrebno.
Ta standard obravnava štiri vidike:
1) Vozila
Ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik se v glavnem uporablja za vsa železniška vozila. Dokument vsebuje prevzemne kriterije za vse vrste vozil z nazivno statično vertikalno silo kolesne dvojice do 225 kN (najbolj obremenjene kolesne dvojice vozila v ocenjeni konfiguraciji obremenitve, kot je določeno v točki 5.3.2). Prav tako so določeni prevzemni kriteriji za tovorna vozila z nazivno statično vertikalno silo kolesne dvojice do 250 kN. Prevzemni kriteriji v tem dokumentu veljajo za vozila, ki obratujejo na standardnih profilnih tirnicah.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Aug-2022
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 256 - Railway applications
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 256/WG 10 - Vehicle/Track Interaction
- Current Stage
- 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
- Start Date
- 31-Aug-2022
- Completion Date
- 31-Aug-2022
Relations
- Effective Date
- 18-Jan-2023
- Effective Date
- 18-Jan-2023
- Effective Date
- 19-Jan-2023
- Effective Date
- 19-Jan-2023
- Effective Date
- 19-Jan-2023
- Effective Date
- 18-Jan-2023
- Effective Date
- 14-Sep-2022
Overview
EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 is the CEN European standard for the acceptance testing and simulation of railway vehicle running characteristics on the standard gauge network (nominal 1 435 mm). It defines the process, target test conditions and assessment criteria used to verify that newly developed vehicles, vehicles with relevant design modifications, or vehicles with changed operating conditions meet safety and dynamic performance requirements. The standard also provides quantities and dependencies useful for validating simulation models and for defining operating limits when full target tests are not achievable.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope & applicability
- Applies to vehicles designed for standard gauge; acceptance criteria cover vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (and up to 250 kN for freight vehicles where noted).
- Intended for new designs, modified designs or changed operating conditions.
- Test framework
- Specifies target test conditions (speed, cant deficiency, curve radius) and allows partial or reduced-condition testing with corresponding operational restrictions.
- Includes provisions for measuring uncertainty, test extent and documentation of results.
- Safety and dynamic assessment
- First-stage checks such as safety against derailment on twisted track and longitudinal compressive forces.
- Second-stage dynamic performance assessment covering running safety, track loading and ride characteristics.
- Methods for stability verification, statistical evaluation of test zones and transition curves.
- Measurements & parameters
- Defines measured quantities and measuring points (e.g., axle box forces) and assessment quantities and limit values for running stability, track interaction and ride quality.
- Simulation & model validation
- Contains information to validate computer simulation models and includes informative annexes (e.g., computer simulations for flange-climb derailment, torsional coefficient determination).
- Documentation
- Requirements for detailed reporting of vehicle design status, test routes, data capture and evaluation methodology.
Practical applications and users
- Vehicle manufacturers and design teams - to demonstrate compliance during type approval and design verification.
- Test laboratories and accreditation bodies - to perform on-track and laboratory tests in line with European acceptance criteria.
- Railway operators and infrastructure managers - to assess compatibility between rolling stock and track conditions, and to set safe operating rules (e.g., cant deficiency limits).
- Simulation engineers - to validate and calibrate vehicle-track interaction models for safety assessments and approval cases.
Related standards
- EN 14363 references related standards and technical documents used for displacement characteristics and infrastructure compatibility (see Annex D referencing EN 15273 for application context).
Keywords: EN 14363, railway vehicle acceptance, running characteristics, CEN standard, standard gauge, dynamic performance assessment, derailment safety, vehicle testing, simulation validation.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests". This standard covers: This European Standard defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm). In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, this standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes. This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval. The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which: - are newly developed; - have had relevant design modifications; or - have changes in their operating conditions. The assessment process is based on specified target test conditions (see 3.1) given in this document. Experience over many years has demonstrated that vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions, if the current general operating rules are applied. As an example it is generally current practice to restrict cant deficiency in curves below a certain radius. It may be necessary to adapt these operating rules, if a deterioration of the infrastructure conditions is observed. These operating rules are defined on a national basis. The procedure to evaluate these operating rules is out of the scope of this standard. NOTE 1 There are margins included in the specified limit values and the statistical evaluation. They cannot be quantified, but they explain why vehicles can also be operated at full speed and cant deficiency in many cases outside of the target test conditions. This standard also enables the demonstration of compliance against the target test conditions for the case that their combination is not achievable during tests. It is also possible to carry out the assessment of a vehicle for limited test conditions such as test zones 1 and 2 or reduced speed or reduced cant deficiency. In this case the approval of the vehicle shall be restricted accordingly. NOTE 2 National regulations sometimes allow the increase or decrease of the values for speed, curve radius and cant deficiency for local operation based on safety considerations taking into account the local characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout, track structure, track geometrical quality and contact conditions). These local characteristics can be different from those included in the assessment for the vehicle acceptance. NOTE 3 The methods of this standard can also be applied to gather information about the compatibility between the vehicle and infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions. The results of such investigations can be used to determine safe operating rules for such infrastructure conditions. Where testing the vehicle demonstrates that the performance of a vehicle complies with the requirements of this standard when operating at maximum speed and maximum cant deficiency under infrastructure conditions that are more severe than the target test conditions, the obtained results are accepted and there is no need to carry out additional tests to fulfil the requirements defined in this standard. This standard addresses four aspects: 1) Vehicles The assessment of the running characteristics applies principally to all railway vehicles. The document contains acceptance criteria for all types of vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (of the highest loaded wheelset of the vehicle in the assessed load configuration specified in 5.3.2). In addition for freight vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 250 kN the acceptance criteria are defined. The acceptance criteria given in this document apply to vehicles designed to operate on standard gauge tracks.
This European Standard defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm). In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, this standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes. This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval. The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which: - are newly developed; - have had relevant design modifications; or - have changes in their operating conditions. The assessment process is based on specified target test conditions (see 3.1) given in this document. Experience over many years has demonstrated that vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions, if the current general operating rules are applied. As an example it is generally current practice to restrict cant deficiency in curves below a certain radius. It may be necessary to adapt these operating rules, if a deterioration of the infrastructure conditions is observed. These operating rules are defined on a national basis. The procedure to evaluate these operating rules is out of the scope of this standard. NOTE 1 There are margins included in the specified limit values and the statistical evaluation. They cannot be quantified, but they explain why vehicles can also be operated at full speed and cant deficiency in many cases outside of the target test conditions. This standard also enables the demonstration of compliance against the target test conditions for the case that their combination is not achievable during tests. It is also possible to carry out the assessment of a vehicle for limited test conditions such as test zones 1 and 2 or reduced speed or reduced cant deficiency. In this case the approval of the vehicle shall be restricted accordingly. NOTE 2 National regulations sometimes allow the increase or decrease of the values for speed, curve radius and cant deficiency for local operation based on safety considerations taking into account the local characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout, track structure, track geometrical quality and contact conditions). These local characteristics can be different from those included in the assessment for the vehicle acceptance. NOTE 3 The methods of this standard can also be applied to gather information about the compatibility between the vehicle and infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions. The results of such investigations can be used to determine safe operating rules for such infrastructure conditions. Where testing the vehicle demonstrates that the performance of a vehicle complies with the requirements of this standard when operating at maximum speed and maximum cant deficiency under infrastructure conditions that are more severe than the target test conditions, the obtained results are accepted and there is no need to carry out additional tests to fulfil the requirements defined in this standard. This standard addresses four aspects: 1) Vehicles The assessment of the running characteristics applies principally to all railway vehicles. The document contains acceptance criteria for all types of vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (of the highest loaded wheelset of the vehicle in the assessed load configuration specified in 5.3.2). In addition for freight vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 250 kN the acceptance criteria are defined. The acceptance criteria given in this document apply to vehicles designed to operate on standard gauge tracks.
EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 45.060.01 - Railway rolling stock in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 14363:2016+A1:2018, EN 14363:2016+A1:2018/prA2:2021, prEN 14363-2, prEN 14363-1, prEN 14363-4, prEN 14363-3, prEN 14363-5. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2016/797/EU; Standardization Mandates: M/483, M/591. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2022
Železniške naprave - Preskušanje in simuliranje voznih karakteristik pri prevzemu
železniških vozil - Preskušanje obnašanja med vožnjo in mirovanjem
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running
characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Bahnanwendungen - Versuche und Simulationen für die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen
Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Fahrverhalten und stationäre Versuche
Applications ferroviaires - Essais et simulations en vue de l'homologation des
caractéristiques dynamiques des véhicules ferroviaires - Comportement dynamique et
essais stationnaires
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14363:2016+A2:2022
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 14363:2016+A2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 14363:2016+A1:2018
English Version
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the
acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles -
Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Applications ferroviaires - Essais et simulations en vue Bahnanwendungen - Versuche und Simulationen für
de l'homologation des caractéristiques dynamiques des die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen Eigenschaften von
véhicules ferroviaires - Comportement dynamique et Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Fahrverhalten und stationäre
essais stationnaires Versuche
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 July 2018 and includes Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 18 July 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 8
Introduction . 10
1 Scope . 12
2 Normative references . 14
3 Terms and definitions . 15
4 Deviations from requirements . 17
5 Test requirements . 18
5.1 Measuring uncertainty . 18
5.2 Test extent . 18
5.2.1 General . 18
5.2.2 Fault modes . 18
5.3 Test vehicle . 19
5.3.1 Selection and status of the vehicle . 19
5.3.2 Loading conditions . 19
5.3.3 Distribution of static wheel forces . 20
5.4 Assessment of test result . 20
5.5 Documentation of test . 21
6 First stages assessment . 22
6.1 Safety against derailment on twisted track . 22
6.1.1 General . 22
6.1.2 Signal processing . 23
6.1.3 Rail test conditions . 23
6.1.4 Vehicle test conditions . 24
6.1.5 Test methods . 26
6.2 Safety against derailment under longitudinal compressive forces in S-shaped curves . 41
6.3 Evaluation of the torsional coefficient of a vehicle body . 41
6.4 Determination of displacement characteristics . 41
6.5 Loading of the diverging branch of a switch . 41
6.6 Running safety in curved crossings for vehicles with small wheels . 42
7 Second stage – dynamic performance assessment . 42
7.1 General . 42
7.2 Choice of measuring method . 43
7.2.1 General . 43
7.2.2 Base conditions for the use of the simplified measuring method and measurement of
axle box forces . 45
7.2.3 Simplifications for separate stability testing . 45
7.3 Performing on-track tests . 46
7.3.1 General . 46
7.3.2 Test zones and track sections . 52
7.3.3 Extent of tests . 53
7.3.4 Test operation . 54
7.4 Measured quantities and measuring points . 54
7.5 Assessment quantities and limit values . 56
7.5.1 General . 56
7.5.2 Running safety . 62
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
7.5.3 Track loading . 63
7.5.4 Ride characteristics . 63
7.6 Test evaluation . 63
7.6.1 Overview . 63
7.6.2 Recording the measuring signals . 64
7.6.3 Statistical evaluation in test zones . 65
7.6.4 Evaluation of test results in transition curves . 73
7.6.5 Verification of stability . 73
7.7 Documentation . 73
7.7.1 General . 73
7.7.2 Description of the vehicle design and status of the tested vehicle . 73
7.7.3 Additional information for future extension of acceptance . 74
7.7.4 Description of the test routes . 74
7.7.5 Description of data capture . 74
7.7.6 Description of evaluation . 74
7.7.7 Test results (including additional information for model validation) . 74
7.7.8 Deficiencies in reaching the target test conditions . 76
7.7.9 Infrastructure conditions more severe than the target test conditions . 76
Annex A (informative) Information on safety against derailment . 77
A.1 Factors influencing the safety against derailment of vehicles running on twisted
track . 77
A.1.1 General . 77
A.1.2 Wheel unloading influences . 77
A.1.3 Guiding force influences. 77
A.2 Evaluation and limit value for safety against derailment . 78
A.3 Friction conditions during testing on special track . 79
A.4 Special conditions for vehicles with air springs . 81
A.4.1 General . 81
A.4.2 4-point levelling systems . 82
A.4.3 3-point levelling system with longitudinal connection . 82
A.4.4 2-point levelling systems . 82
A.5 Test twist conditions for articulated vehicles . 83
A.6 Test twist conditions for vehicles with more than two suspension levels. 90
A.7 Calculation of the shim sizes (test method 1) . 91
A.8 Performing and evaluating a twist test for a two-axle vehicle (test method 2) . 92
A.8.1 General . 92
A.8.2 Required test rig . 92
A.8.3 Performing the twist test . 93
A.8.4 Evaluation of twist diagrams . 93
A.9 Performing and evaluation of a twist test for a vehicle with two bogies with two
axles (test method 2) . 95
A.9.1 General . 95
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
A.9.2 Required test rig . 95
A.9.3 Performing and evaluating a combined body and bogie twist test (test method 2.1) . 95
A.9.4 Performing separate twist tests on bogie centre distance and bogie wheel base (test
method 2.2) . 99
Annex B (informative) Computer simulations designed to examine whether the vehicle has
an acceptable resistance to flange climbing derailment at low speed . 104
B.1 General requirement . 104
B.2 Computer output . 104
B.3 Track input . 104
B.4 Body-bogie yaw torque . 105
B.5 Performance requirement . 105
Annex C (informative) Tests for determination of the torsional coefficient of a vehicle body . 107
C.1 Force-deflection measurement directly at the vehicle body . 107
Figure C.1 — Nomenclature of the supporting points . 107
C.2 Force-deflection measurement at the contact points between wheel and rail after
blocking of the suspension(s) between wheelset (bogie frame) and vehicle body . 108
Annex D (informative) Determination of displacement characteristics for application with
EN 15273 . 109
D.1 Introduction . 109
D.2 Determination of displacement characteristics . 109
D.2.1 General . 109
D.2.2 Assessment Requirements. 109
D.2.3 Test conditions . 109
D.2.4 Method 1: Stationary test . 110
D.2.5 Method 2 ─ On-track test . 113
Annex E (informative) Assessment of the behaviour of vehicles with small wheels in curved
crossings . 115
E.1 Purpose . 115
E.2 Area of application. 115
E.3 Description of the crossing geometry . 115
E.4 Test conditions . 118
E.4.1 General . 118
E.4.2 Method 1: Lateral forces and angle of attack . 119
E.4.3 Method 2: Examination of the impact on the crossing nose . 119
E.4.4 Limit values . 119
E.4.5 Assessment . 120
E.4.6 Dispensation . 120
E.4.7 Simulation . 120
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
Annex F (informative) Test specification for assessment of vehicle behaviour in switches
and crossings . 121
F.1 Introduction. 121
F.2 Definitions . 121
F.3 Test conditions . 121
F.4 Assessment of the test results . 122
F.5 Documentation . 122
Annex G (normative) Coordinate system for measured quantities . 126
Annex H (informative) Operational parameters . 127
Annex I (informative) Position of the different wheelsets during test. 129
Annex J (informative) Additional track loading assessment quantities . 130
J.1 General . 130
J.2 Maximum lateral force . 130
J.3 Combination of lateral and vertical forces . 130
Annex K (informative) Evaluation and background of the rail surface damage quantity. 132
Annex L (informative) Typical maximum estimated values of ride characteristics . 134
Annex M (normative) Track geometric quality – Selection of test tracks . 135
M.1 Basis of evaluation . 135
M.2 Assessment quantities for track geometric quality . 135
M.3 Different measuring systems . 136
M.4 Target test conditions . 137
M.5 Reporting . 139
Annex N (informative) Background of track quality description . 140
Annex O (normative) Rail profile measurement . 141
O.1 General . 141
O.2 Manual measurements . 141
O.2.1 Measurements for equivalent conicity . 141
O.2.2 Measurements for radial steering index . 141
O.3 Automatic measurements . 141
Annex P (normative) Requirements for evaluation of equivalent conicity . 142
Annex Q (informative) Radial steering index . 143
Q.1 Introduction. 143
Q.2 Calculation of radial steering index . 144
Annex R (normative) Statistical evaluation . 147
R.1 Objectives and principles of statistical analysis . 147
R.1.1 General . 147
R.1.2 One-dimensional method . 147
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
R.1.3 Two-dimensional method or simple regression . 147
R.1.4 Multiple regression . 147
R.2 Determination of the percentiles for each track section . 148
R.3 Preparation of the random samples. 149
R.4 One-dimensional analysis for estimated maximum values . 149
R.5 Two-dimensional analysis for estimated values . 149
R.6 Multiple regression analysis for estimated values . 150
R.7 Statistical evaluation for the overturning criterion . 152
R.8 Regression assumptions . 153
R.8.1 Regression assumptions and associated problems . 153
R.8.2 Identification and correction techniques . 154
Annex S (informative) Running behaviour of special vehicles . 156
S.1 General . 156
S.2 Vehicle design and classification . 156
S.3 Use of the simplified measuring method . 157
S.4 Test conditions . 157
S.5 Specific limit value . 157
Annex T (informative) Simulation of on-track tests . 158
T.1 Introduction . 158
T.2 Fields of application . 158
T.2.1 General . 158
T.2.2 Extension of the range of test conditions . 158
T.2.3 Assessment of vehicles following modification . 159
T.2.4 Assessment of new vehicles by comparison with an already approved reference
vehicle . 159
T.2.5 Investigation of dynamic behaviour in case of fault modes. 160
T.3 Validation . 160
T.3.1 General principles . 160
T.3.2 Vehicle model . 161
T.3.3 Validation of the vehicle model. 161
T.4 Input . 175
T.4.1 Introduction . 175
T.4.2 Vehicle model . 175
T.4.3 Vehicle configuration . 175
T.4.4 Track data . 176
T.4.5 Track model parameters . 177
T.4.6 Wheel/rail contact geometry . 177
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
T.4.7 Rail surface condition . 177
T.4.8 Direction of travel . 178
T.4.9 Speed . 178
T.4.10 Position of the vehicle in the trainset . 178
T.4.11 Frequency content of simulations . 178
T.5 Output . 179
T.6 Documentation . 179
T.7 Examples for model validation according to Method 1 . 180
Annex U (informative) Extension of acceptance . 187
U.1 General . 187
U.2 Determination of the safety factor . 195
U.3 Dispensation . 195
U.3.1 General . 195
U.3.2 Special cases . 195
U.4 Use of the simplified method" . 196
U.5 Requirements depending on the initial approval . 196
Annex V (normative) Symbols . 198
Annex W (informative) List with the main technical changes compared to EN 14363:2005,
EN 15686:2010 and EN 15687:2010 . 202
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive (EU) 2016/797 aimed to be covered . 205
Bibliography . 207
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by February 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 2018-07-15.
This document includes Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 2022-07-18.
#This document supersedes EN 14363:2016+A1:2018.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:
— Introducing ERA/OPI/2018-3, clauses 4.1.5, 4.1.6 and 4.1.7 in 7.3.1, Table 2;
— Deleting informative Annex X;
— Update of informative Annex ZA $
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags #$.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
It is not necessary to require further assessment of vehicles which have been already assessed under the
conditions of previous standards in this field. Test results achieved under the conditions of the previous
standards remain valid and can be used for the extension of acceptance of a vehicle or vehicle design
according to this standard.
Prior to the first issue of this standard, national procedures were applied for vehicle acceptance, for
example in Germany or UK. The underlying principles that were applied in these earlier standards are
also incorporated in this standard. The fundamentals have not been changed but the formulation of the
requirements has been made consistent. Therefore it is considered that also vehicles that were previously
approved utilizing these earlier requirements have an equal status compared to vehicles that are
approved according to this standard. This applies to the infrastructure and operating conditions that
were considered in the earlier approval. This includes also a use as reference vehicle for extension of
acceptance.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
the United Kingdom.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
Introduction
Acceptable running characteristics of a railway vehicle (hereafter called vehicle) are essential for a safe
and economic operation of a railway system. They are related to:
— the vehicle,
— the operating conditions,
— the characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout design and track quality) and
— the contact conditions of the wheel/rail interface.
The objective is to quantify the vehicle's performance under known representative conditions of
operation and infrastructure.
This standard describes methods to assess the vehicle performance in the following areas:
— safety against derailment on twisted track (see 6.1);
— running safety under longitudinal compressive forces in s-shaped curves (see 6.2);
— evaluation of the torsional coefficient (see 6.3);
— determination of displacement characteristics (see 6.4);
— loading of the diverging branch of a switch (see 6.5);
— running safety in curved crossings (see 6.6);
— running safety, track loading and ride characteristics (see Clause 7).
The vehicle performance is assessed in two stages. Usually in the first stage the basic characteristics and
low speed behaviour are investigated before first runs on the line under controlled operating conditions.
In the second stage the running behaviour is assessed. The assessment of a vehicle according to the
elements listed above can be performed either by physical testing, numerical simulation, calculation or
comparison with a known solution (dispensation). Details about the requirements relating to the choice
of the appropriate assessment method are given in this document.
The operational envelope (speed and cant deficiency) that the vehicle has been assessed for needs to be
documented.
The establishment of this document was based on existing rules, practices and procedures. The following
principles were applied:
— the railway system requires comprehensive technical rules in order to ensure an acceptable
interaction of vehicle and track;
— the performance of new railway vehicles has to be evaluated and assessed before putting them into
service;
— it is of particular importance that the existing level of safety and reliability is not compromised even
when changes in design or operating conditions are demanded, e.g. by the introduction of higher
speeds, higher vertical wheel forces, modification of the suspension, etc.
— it is possible to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this standard by comparison of
relevant parameters or by simulation if changes are made to the design or to the operating
conditions;
— as the combination of all the target test conditions described is not always achievable, the compliance
against the missing target test conditions can be demonstrated by other means.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
Requirements on running safety under longitudinal compressive forces in S-shaped curves of certain
vehicles are given in EN 15839, while EN 16235 specifies a method to get dispensation from on-track
testing for !vehicles equipped with established or standardised running gear", if certain conditions
are fulfilled.
The informative Annexes A, B, C, D, E, F; Q, S, T and U contain requirements that have to be fulfilled when
the annex is applied.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway
vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm).
In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, this
standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes.
This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to
define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval.
The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which:
— are newly developed;
— have had relevant design modifications; or
— have changes in their operating conditions.
The assessment pr
...
제목: EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 - 철도차량의 주행 특성 수용을 위한 검사 및 시뮬레이션 - 주행 행동 및 정지 시험 내용: 이 유럽 표준은 유럽 표준 게이지(명목적으로 1,435mm) 트랙의 철도차량의 주행 특성 평가 과정을 정의합니다. 이 표준은 수용 프로세스를 위한 차량의 주행 특성 평가뿐만 아니라 직접적으로 수용 목적으로 사용되지 않는 양 및 종속성도 정의합니다. 이 정보는 예를 들어 시뮬레이션 모델의 검증을 위해 사용됩니다. 또한 인가를 위해 사용될 참조 조건 외의 운영 조건을 정의하는 데에도 사용될 수 있습니다. 주행 특성 평가는 다음 조건을 갖는 차량에 적용됩니다. - 개발 중인 차량 - 관련 설계 변경 사항을 가진 차량 - 운영 조건 변경이 있는 차량 평가 과정은 이 문서에서 정의된 목표 시험 조건(3.1 참조)에 기반합니다. 수년간의 경험에 따르면 이 표준을 준수하는 차량은 현재 일반적인 운영 규칙이 적용된 더 요구 조건이 있는 인프라에서 안전하게 운영될 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 일반적으로 현행 관행은 특정 반경 이하의 곡선에서 칸트 하향을 제한하는 것입니다. 인프라 조건의 악화가 관찰되면 이러한 운영 규칙을 조정해야 할 필요가 있을 수 있습니다. 이러한 운영 규칙은 국가적으로 정의됩니다. 이 표준의 범위에서는 이러한 운영 규칙의 평가 절차는 다루지 않습니다. 참고 1: 제시된 한계값과 통계적 평가에는 여유 여백이 포함되어 있습니다. 이 여유 여백은 정량화될 수 없지만, 이것이 많은 경우에 차량이 목표 시험 조건 외부에서도 전속력과 칸트 하향으로 운영될 수 있는 이유를 설명합니다. 이 표준은 또한 조건을 시험 중에 동시에 충족시킬 수 없는 경우 목표 시험 조건에 대한 준수를 증명하는 것을 가능하게 합니다. 테스트 구간 1과 2 또는 속도 및 칸트 하향이 감소한 제한된 시험 조건과 같은 제한된 시험 조건에 대한 차량의 평가도 수행할 수 있습니다. 이 경우 차량의 승인은 그에 따라 제한됩니다. 참고 2: 국가 법규는 국부 운영에 대한 속도, 곡선 반경, 칸트 하향 값의 증가 또는 감소를 허용하기도 하며, 이는 국지적인 인프라 특성(트랙 레이아웃, 트랙 구조, 트랙 기하학적 품질 및 접촉 조건)을 고려한 안전 상의 고려 사항에 기반합니다. 이러한 지역적 특성은 차량 수용을 위한 평가에 포함된 특성과 다를 수 있습니다. 참고 3: 이 표준의 방법은 목표 시험 조건보다 더 요구 조건이 있는 인프라와의 호환성에 대한 정보 수집에도 적용될 수 있습니다. 이러한 조사 결과는 해당 인프라 조건에 대한 안전한 운영 규칙을 결정하는 데에 사용될 수 있습니다. 차량 테스트를 통해 최대 속도 및 최대 칸트 하향 하에서 목표 시험 조건보다 더 엄격한 인프라 조건에서 차량의 성능이 이 표준의 요구 사항을 충족하는 것을 입증하는 경우, 얻은 결과는 수용되며 이 표준에 정의된 요구 사항을 충족하기 위해 추가적인 시험을 수행할 필요가 없습니다. 이 표준은 다음 네 가지 측면을 다룹니다: 1) 차량 주행 특성 평가는 주로 모든 철도차량을 대상으로 합니다. 이 문서에는 공명 정적 수직 활동 휠셋 힘 예비용이 225 kN까지(평가된 하중 구성에서 차량의 가장 부하가 큰 휠셋)인 모든 유형의 차량에 대한 수용 기준이 포함되어 있습니다. 또한, 정적 수직 휠셋 힘이 250 kN까지인 화물 차량에 대한 수용 기준이 정의되어 있습니다. 이 문서에서 제공된 수용 기준은 표준 게이지트랙에서 운영되도록 설계된 차량에 적용됩니다.
기사 제목: EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 - 철도 응용분야 - 철도차량의 주행특성 수용을 위한 시험 및 모의 - 주행 행동 및 정지 시험 기사 내용: 이 유럽 표준은 기준게이지 철도망(명목 1,435mm)을 위한 철도차량의 주행특성 평가 과정을 정의한다. 이 표준은 수용 과정을 위한 차량의 주행특성 평가뿐만 아니라, 직접적인 수용 목적으로 사용되지 않는 양 및 종속성도 정의한다. 이 정보는 예를 들어 시뮬레이션 모델의 유효성 검사를 위해 사용된다. 또한, 승인에 사용될 기준 상태 외의 운영 조건을 정의하는 데에도 사용될 수 있다. 주행특성 평가는 다음과 같은 차량에 적용된다: - 신규 개발된 차량 - 관련 설계 수정이 이루어진 차량 - 운영 조건이 변경된 차량 평가 과정은 본 문서에서 제시된 목표 시험 조건(3.1 참조)에 기반한다. 몇 년간의 경험으로 보여 주었듯이, 이 표준을 준수하는 차량은 현재의 일반적인 운영 규칙이 적용된 상태에서 목표 시험 조건보다 더 가혹한 인프라 조건에서 안전하게 운영될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 보통은 곡선에서의 캔트 결핍을 특정 반경 이하로 제한하는 것이 현재의 관행이다. 인프라 조건의 악화가 관찰될 경우, 운영 규칙을 조정할 필요가 있을 수 있다. 이러한 운영 규칙은 국가적 기준으로 정의된다. 이 표준의 범위에서는 운영 규칙 평가 절차는 다루지 않는다. 참고 1: 명시된 한계 값과 통계적 평가에는 여유가 포함되어 있다. 이 여유는 정량화할 수 없지만, 차량이 대부분의 경우 목표 시험 조건 이외의 전체 속도와 캔트 결핍에서 운행될 수 있는 이유를 설명한다. 이 표준은 또한 목표 시험 조건의 조합을 테스트 중에 달성할 수 없는 경우에도 목표 시험 조건을 준수하는 것을 증명하는 것을 가능하게 한다. 테스트 지역 1과 2 또는 감소된 속도 또는 캔트 결핍과 같은 제한된 테스트 조건에서 차량의 평가를 수행할 수도 있다. 이 경우에는 차량의 승인이 해당 조건에 제한될 것이다. 참고 2: 국가적 규정은 현지 운영에 대한 안전 고려 사항과 인프라의 특성(추적 배치, 추적 구조, 추적 기하학적 품질 및 접촉 조건)을 고려하여 속도, 곡선 반경 및 캔트 결핍에 대한 값의 증가 또는 감소를 허용할 수도 있다. 이러한 현지 특성은 차량 수용을 위한 평가에 포함된 특성과 다를 수 있다. 참고 3: 본 표준의 방법은 목표 시험 조건보다 더 가혹한 인프라 조건에서 차량과 인프라의 호환성에 대한 정보를 수집하는 데에도 적용될 수 있다. 이러한 조사의 결과는 이러한 인프라 조건에 대한 안전한 운영 규칙을 결정하는 데 사용될 수 있다. 차량의 테스트를 통해, 차량의 성능이 목표 시험 조건보다 더 가혹한 인프라 조건에서 최대 속도와 최대 캔트 결핍으로 운영할 때의 요구 사항을 준수한다는 것이 입증된 경우, 얻은 결과는 수입하거나 이 표준에서 정의된 요구 사항을 충족하기 위해 추가적인 테스트를 수행할 필요가 없다. 이 표준은 다음과 같은 네 가지 측면을 다룬다: 1) 차량 주행 특성 평가는 원칙적으로 모든 철도차량에 적용된다. 본 문서에는 평가된 부하 구성에서의 차량의 최고 정적 수직 휠셋힘에 대한 수용 기준이 포함되어 있다(225 kN까지). 또한 최대 250 kN의 평균 정적 수직 휠셋하중을 가진 화물차량의 경우에도 수용 기준이 정의되어 있다. 본 문서에서 제공된 수용 기준은 기준게이지 철도로 운영될 디자인된 차량에 적용된다.
EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 is a European Standard that defines the process for assessing the running characteristics of railway vehicles on the European network of standard gauge tracks. The standard also includes information for the validation of simulation models and defining operating conditions outside of the reference conditions. The assessment process applies to newly developed vehicles, vehicles with design modifications, or vehicles with changes in their operating conditions. The process is based on specified target test conditions. Vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions as long as current operating rules are followed. The standard allows for compliance demonstration even if the target test conditions cannot be completely achieved during testing. Local regulations may allow for adjustments to speed, curve radius, and cant deficiency based on safety considerations and local infrastructure characteristics. The standard can also be used to gather information about compatibility between vehicles and infrastructure under more severe conditions. If a vehicle performs well at maximum speed and cant deficiency under harsher infrastructure conditions, no additional tests are required. The standard addresses all types of railway vehicles with vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (and up to 250 kN for freight vehicles) operating on standard gauge tracks.
記事タイトル：EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 - 鉄道車両の走行特性の受け入れのためのテストとシミュレーション - 走行挙動と静止テスト 記事内容：この欧州標準は、標準軌間（名目上の1,435 mm）のヨーロッパネットワーク上での鉄道車両の走行特性の評価プロセスを定義しています。 受け入れプロセスにおける車両の走行特性の評価に加えて、この標準では受け入れの目的に直接使用されない数量や依存関係も定義されています。この情報は、シミュレーションモデルの検証を目的としています。また、承認に使用される基準条件外の運行条件を定義するためにも使用できます。 走行特性の評価は、次の条件を持つ車両に適用されます。 - 新たに開発された車両 - 関連する設計変更が加えられた車両 - 運行条件が変更された車両 評価プロセスは、本文書で指定された目標試験条件（3.1を参照）に基づいています。 多年にわたる経験から、この標準を満たす車両は、現行の一般的な運行規則が適用される場合、目標試験条件よりも厳しい施設条件でも安全に運行することができることが示されています。例えば、一般的な実践としては、曲線でのカント欠損をある半径以下に制限することがあります。施設条件が悪化する場合には、これらの運行規則を適応する必要があるかもしれません。これらの運行規則は、国別に定義されます。これらの運行規則を評価する手順は、この標準の範囲外です。 注1：指定された制限値と統計的評価には余裕が含まれています。これらは量化することはできませんが、なぜ車両が多くの場合には目標試験条件外でも完全な速度とカント欠損で運行できるのかを説明します。 この標準は、テスト中に完全に達成できない場合でも、目標試験条件に対する適合性の証明を可能にします。テストゾーン1および2や速度またはカント欠損の低下など、制限されたテスト条件での車両の評価も行うことができます。この場合、車両の承認はそれに合わせて制限されます。 注2：国内法では、安全を考慮し、地域のインフラ特性（トラックレイアウト、トラック構造、トラックの幾何学的品質および接触条件）を考慮に入れた場合、速度、曲線半径、カント欠損の値を増減させることが許可されることもあります。これらの地域的特性は、車両受け入れ評価に含まれる特性とは異なる場合があります。 注3：この標準の手法は、目標試験条件よりも厳しい施設条件での車両とインフラストラクチャの互換性に関する情報を収集するためにも適用できます。そのような調査の結果は、そのような施設条件に対する安全な運行規則の決定に使用できます。 車両のテストによって、最大速度および最大カント欠損の下で目標試験条件よりも厳しい施設条件下での車両の性能がこの標準の要件を満たすことが示される場合、得られた結果は受け入れられ、この標準で定義された要件を満たすための追加のテストは必要ありません。この標準は、主に静的垂直車輪セット力が225 kN（評価された負荷構成での最も重い車輪セット）までの、すべての鉄道車両に対する受け入れ基準を含んでいます。さらに、静的垂直車輪セット力が250 kNまでの貨物車両に対する受け入れ基準が定
The article discusses the European Standard EN 14363:2016+A2:2022, which outlines the process for assessing the running characteristics of railway vehicles on standard gauge tracks. This standard is applicable to newly developed vehicles, vehicles with design modifications, and vehicles with changes in operating conditions. It provides target test conditions and allows for the validation of simulation models. The article states that vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure conditions that are more severe than the target test conditions, as long as current operating rules are followed. There are margins included in the specified limit values and statistical evaluation, which allow for operation at full speed and cant deficiency outside of the target test conditions. The standard also enables compliance demonstration in cases where the combination of target test conditions cannot be achieved during tests. It mentions that national regulations may allow for variation in speed, curve radius, and cant deficiency for local operation based on safety considerations and the characteristics of the infrastructure. The standard can also be used to gather information about compatibility between vehicles and infrastructure with more severe conditions, which can help determine safe operating rules. The article concludes by stating that if a vehicle's performance complies with the standard's requirements under infrastructure conditions more severe than the target test conditions, additional tests are not necessary. The standard addresses the assessment criteria for all types of railway vehicles with specific wheelset forces.
記事タイトル：EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 - 鉄道応用 - 鉄道車両の運行特性の受け入れに向けたテストおよびシミュレーション - 運行挙動および静止テスト 記事内容：この欧州規格は、標準軌幅（公称1,435mm）のヨーロッパネットワークの鉄道車両の運行特性の評価プロセスを定義しています。 この規格は、受け入れプロセスのための運行特性の評価に加えて、受け入れ目的では直接使用されない量や依存関係も定義しています。この情報は、シミュレーションモデルの検証のために使用されることもあります。また、承認に使用する基準条件の範囲外の運行条件も定義するために使用することもできます。 運行特性の評価は、次のような車両に適用されます： - 新たに開発された車両 - 関連する設計変更が行われた車両 - 運行条件に変更がある車両 評価プロセスは、本文書で指定された目標試験条件（3.1参照）に基づいています。 多年にわたる経験から、この規格に準拠した車両は、現在の一般的な運行ルールが適用されれば、目標試験条件よりも厳しいインフラ条件で安全に運行することができることが示されています。例えば、一般的な慣行として、曲線でのカント欠如を一定の半径以下に制限することが行われています。インフラ条件の悪化が観察された場合、これらの運行ルールを適応させる必要があるかもしれません。これらの運行ルールは、国内基準で定義されます。これらの運行ルールの評価手続きは、本規格の範囲外にあります。 注1：指定された限界値と統計評価には余裕が含まれています。これらは数値化することはできませんが、なぜ車両が目標試験条件の範囲外での最高速度やカント欠如でも運行されることができるのかを説明しています。 この規格は、テスト中に目標試験条件の組み合わせが達成できない場合でも、それらの組み合わせを満たすことを証明することを可能にします。また、テストゾーン1および2や速度やカント欠如の低下などの制限されたテスト条件で車両の評価を行うことも可能です。この場合、車両の承認はそれに応じて制限されます。 注2：国内の規制では、安全上の考慮事項およびインフラの特性（トラック配置、トラック構造、トラックの幾何学的品質、接触条件など）を考慮して、地域の運用において速度、曲率半径、カント欠如の値を増減させることが認められることもあります。これらの地域特性は、車両の受け入れ評価に含まれる特性とは異なる場合があります。 注3：この規格の方法は、目標試験条件よりも厳しいインフラ条件での車両とインフラの互換性についての情報を収集するためにも適用できます。このような調査の結果は、そのようなインフラ条件に対する安全運行のルールを決定するために使用することができます。 車両がテスト中に目標試験条件よりも厳しいインフラ条件で最高速度と最大カント欠如での運行時にこの規格の要求に準拠していることが示される場合、追加のテストを実施する必要はありません。この規格は、主にすべての種類の鉄道車両の運行特性の評価に適用されます。規格には、最高の荷重車軸の公称静的垂直ホイールセット力が225 kNまでの車両に対する受け入れ基準が含まれています。さらに、最大250 kNの公称静的垂直ホイールセット力を持つ貨物車に対する受け入れ基準が定義されています
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...