EN 993-19:2004
(Main)Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 19: Determination of thermal expansion by a differential method
Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 19: Determination of thermal expansion by a differential method
This European Standard describes a method for determining the thermal expansion of dense shaped refractory products under rising temperature by a differential method.
NOTE The test can be carried out up to a maximum temperature of 1 700 °C.
Prüfverfahren für dichte geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 19: Bestimmung der Wärmeausdehnung nach einem Differentialverfahren
Méthodes d'essai des produits réfractaires denses façonnés - Partie 19: Détermination de la dilatation thermique
La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode de détermination de la dilatation thermique des produits réfractaires denses façonnés soumis à une montée en température, par une méthode différentielle.
NOTE L'essai peut être réalisé jusqu'à une température maximale de 1 700 °C.
Metode preskušanja gostih oblikovanih ognjevzdržnih izdelkov - 19. del: Ugotavljanje toplotnega raztezka z metodo razlikovanja
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2004
Metode preskušanja gostih oblikovanih ognjevzdržnih izdelkov - 19. del:
Ugotavljanje toplotnega raztezka z metodo razlikovanja
Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 19: Determination of thermal
expansion by a differential method
Prüfverfahren für dichte geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 19: Bestimmung der
Wärmeausdehnung nach einem Differentialverfahren
Méthodes d'essai des produits réfractaires denses façonnés - Partie 19: Détermination
de la dilatation thermique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 993-19:2004
ICS:
81.080 Ognjevzdržni materiali Refractories
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 993-19
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2004
ICS 81.080
English version
Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 19:
Determination of thermal expansion by a differential method
Méthodes d'essai des produits réfractaires denses Prüfverfahren für dichte geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse -
façonnés - Partie 19: Détermination de la dilatation Teil 19: Bestimmung der Wärmeausdehnung nach einem
thermique Differentialverfahren
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 March 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 993-19:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents page
Foreword.3
1 Scope.4
2 Normative references.4
3 Terms and definitions .4
4 Principle.4
5 Apparatus.4
5.1 Loading device.4
5.1.1 General.4
5.1.2 Fixed column.5
5.1.3 Moving column.5
5.1.4 Two discs.5
5.1.5 Arrangement of the apparatus .5
5.1.6 Applying the load.5
5.2 Furnace.5
5.3 Measuring device.6
5.4 Temperature measurement devices .7
5.5 Callipers.7
6 Test pieces.8
7 Procedure.8
8 Calculation of results.8
9 Test report.10
Bibliography .11
Foreword
This document (EN 993-19:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory products
and materials”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by November 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by November 2004.
This document includes a Bibliography.
EN 993 with the general title “Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products” consists of 20 Parts:
Part 1: Determination of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity
Part 2: Determination of true density
Part 3: Test methods for carbon-containing refractories
Part 4: Determination of permeability to gases
Part 5: Determination of cold crushing strength
Part 6: Determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature
Part 7: Determination of modulus of rupture at elevated temperatures
Part 8: Determination of refractoriness-under-load
Part 9: Determination of creep in compression
Part 10: Determination of permanent change in dimensions on heating
Part 11: Determination of resistance to thermal shock
Part 12: Determination of pyrometric cone equivalent (refractoriness)
Part 13: Specification for pyrometric reference cones for laboratory use
Part 14: Determination of thermal conductivity by the hot-wire (cross-array) method
Part 15: Determination of thermal conductivity by the hot-wire (parallel) method
Part 16: Determination of resistance to sulphuric acid
Part 17: Determination of bulk density of granular materials by the mercury method with vacuum
Part 18: Determination of bulk density of granular materials by the water method with vacuum
Part 19: Determination of thermal expansion by a differential method
Part 20: Determination of resistance to abrasion at ambient temperature
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Published as a TS with the general title “Dense shaped refractory products”
1 Scope
This European Standard describes a method for determining the thermal expansion of dense shaped refractory
products under rising temperature by a differential method.
NOTE The test can be carried out up to a maximum temperature of 1 700 °C.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated references, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 60584-1, Thermocouples — Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1:1995).
EN 60584-2, Thermocouples — Part 2: Tolerances (IEC 60584-2:1982+A1:1989).
ISO 3611, Micrometer callipers for external measurement.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
thermal expansion
uniaxial extension which occurs when a material is heated under contact load
3.2
contact load
total constant compressive load applied to the test piece during the performance of the test
4 Principle
A cylindrical test piece is subjected to a defined compressive contact load and heated in air at a specified uniform
rate of temperature increase. Its change in height and temperature are recorded and the percentage change in
height is evaluated as a function of temperature.
NOTE If the test is applied to material liable to oxidation, the results may be influenced.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Loading device
5.1.1 General
The loading device shall be capable of applying a load centred on the common axis of the loading column, the test
piece and the supporting column, and directed vertically along this axis at all stages of the test. The loading device
consists of the items given in 5.1.2 to 5.1.5.
A contact stress of 0,01 MPa is applied in a downward direction from above the test piece resting directly or
indirectly on a fixed base. The change in height of the test piece is measured by a device that passes either
through the applied load or through an intermediate base. The contact load shall not vary by more than ± 1 N.
5.1.2 Fixed column
The fixed column shall be at least 45 mm in overall diameter and with an axial bore (see 5.1.5).
5.1.3 Moving column
The moving column shall be at least 45 mm in overall diameter.
NOTE Arrangements can be made for the upper moving column to be fixed to the furnace, and the combination of furnace
and column then forms the moveable loading device. In this case, a counter balancing weight will be necessary to achieve the
required contact stress.
5.1.4 Two discs
Two discs shall be 5 mm to 10 mm thick, at least 50,5 mm in diameter and not less than the actual diameter of the
test pieces. The discs shall be of an appropriate refractory material compatible with the material under test.
NOTE For example, high fired mullite or alumina for alumino-silicate products, and magnesia or spinel for basic products.
These discs are placed between the test piece and the fixed and moving columns. The disc placed between the
test piece and the fixed column shall have a central bore (see 5.1.5). The ends of the fixed and moving column
shall be plane and perpendicular on their axes; the face of each disc shall be plane and parallel.
If chemical reaction is expected between discs and test piece, a platinum or platinum/rhodium foil (0,2 mm
thickness) shall be placed between them.
5.1.5 Arrangement of the apparatus
The arrangement of the two columns, the two discs, the platinum sheet, if used, and the test piece is shown in
Figure 1, which also shows typical diameters of the bores in the fixed column and the disc between them.
5.1.6 Applying the load
The columns and the discs shall be capable of withstanding the applied load up to the final test temperature without
significant deformation. There should be no reaction between the discs and the loading system.
NOTE The material from which the discs are made should have a T value greater than or equal to the temperature at which
the test material has a T value. T and T correspond to temperatures for which the deformation values measured according to
5 1 5
EN 993-8 are respectively 1 % and 5 %.
5.2 Furnace
The furnace (preferably with a vertical axis) shall be capable of raising the temperature of the test piece to the final
test temperature at the specified rate (see clause 7) in an atmosphere of air. The temperature of the region of the
furnace occupied by the test piece, when at a stable temperature above 500 °C, shall be uniform around the test
piece (12,5 mm above and below) to within ± 10 K; this shall be verified by carrying out tests using the
thermocouples located at different points on the curved surface of the test piece.
NOTE The furnace design should be such that the whole of the column assembly can be reached easily, either by movement
of the supporting column or, if access into the furnace is restricted, by movement of the furnace itself. The assembly should be
such that the test piece and loading column stand vertically and co-axial with the support column when unrestrained.
Key 3
NOTE Typical dimensions, in mm, marked*
1 Moving column (see 5.1.3)
ф ext. 45 min.*
2 Upper disc (see 5.1.4)
3 Pt-Rh sheet
Ф ext. 50,5*
Ф int.: 12
4 Test p
...
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