EN ISO 2477:2025

Shaped insulating refractory products - Determination of permanent change in dimensions on heating (ISO 2477:2005)

ISO 2477:2005 describes a method for determining the permanent change in dimensions on heating of a shaped insulating refractory product.

Geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse für Wärmedämmzwecke - Bestimmung der bleibenden Längenänderung nach Temperatureinwirkung (ISO 2477:2005)

Diese Internationale Norm beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der bleibenden Längenänderung an geformten feuerfesten Erzeugnissen nach Temperatureinwirkung.

Produits réfractaires isolants façonnés - Détermination de la variation permanente de dimensions sous l'action de la chaleur (ISO 2477:2005)

L'ISO 2477:2005 décrit une méthode permettant de déterminer la variation permanente des dimensions d'un produit réfractaire isolant façonné sous l'action de la chaleur.

Toplotnoizolacijski ognjevzdržni izdelki - 6. del: Ugotavljanje trajnih sprememb mer oblikovanih izdelkov pri segrevanju (ISO 2477:2005)

Ta mednarodni standard opisuje metodo za ugotavljanje trajnih sprememb mer oblikovanih izdelkov pri segrevanju toplotnoizolacijskega ognjevzdržnega izdelka.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 13-May-2025
• ICS: 81.080 - Refractories
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 187 - Refractory products and materials
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 187 - Refractory products and materials
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 14-May-2025
• Due Date: 05-Jul-2027
• Completion Date: 14-May-2025
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 2477:2025 - Shaped insulating refractory products - Determination of permanent change in dimensions on heating (ISO 2477:2005)

Relations

• Replaces: EN 1094-6:1998 - Insulating refractory products - Part 6: Determination of permanent change in dimensions of shaped products on heating (ISO 2477:1987 modified)
• Effective Date: 05-Nov-2024

Overview

EN ISO 2477:2025 is a European and international standard that specifies the method for determining the permanent change in dimensions on heating of shaped insulating refractory products. Originally established as ISO 2477:2005, this standard sets out precise procedures to measure the dimensional expansion or contraction that remains after a refractory product is heated to a specified temperature and then cooled to ambient conditions.

This standard is essential for manufacturers, quality control laboratories, and end-users in industries where refractory materials are exposed to high temperatures, ensuring materials maintain their structural integrity and thermal insulation performance during application.

Key Topics

• Scope and Purpose
  Determines how shaped insulating refractory products behave dimensionally under thermal stress without applied external force, providing key data on product stability at elevated temperatures.

• Test Principle
  Rectangular test pieces are cut from refractory items, dried, measured, heated in an oxidizing atmosphere furnace to a set temperature, maintained for a specified time, and then cooled. Dimensional changes are then measured and calculated as a percentage of the original length.

• Test Equipment and Conditions

  • Electric or gas-fired furnace with controlled oxidizing atmosphere.
  • Thermocouples to monitor uniform temperature distribution (±10 °C).
  • Precision length-measuring instruments (accuracy of 0.1 mm), such as vernier calipers or electronic gauges.
  • Drying oven maintained at 110 °C ± 5 °C for pre-test drying.

• Specimen Preparation and Sampling

  • Test pieces typically measure about 100 mm × 114 mm × 76 mm or 64 mm, extracted from bricks or shaped products.
  • Surfaces used for measurement must be planar and parallel.
  • Sampling plans follow ISO 5022 for selecting representative test pieces.

• Heating Schedule

  • Controlled heating rate depending on final test temperature, generally between 1 °C/min and 20 °C/min.
  • For silica-based products, a slow ramp not exceeding 1 °C/min to 500 °C is recommended to prevent cracking.
  • Test temperature commonly starts at 750 °C or higher in 50 °C increments, maintained for 12 hours.

• Determination of Dimensional Change

  • Four measurements per test piece, in specified positions, before and after heating.
  • Calculated changes expressed as a percentage; length increases positive, decreases negative.

• Reporting Requirements

  • Detailed test report including sample identification, test method parameters, furnace type, test temperatures, atmosphere oxygen content, and results with observations.

Applications

• Quality Control in Refractory Manufacturing
  Verifying product stability for shaped insulating refractories used in furnaces, kilns, and high-temperature industrial processes.

• Material Specification and Compliance
  Ensuring insulating refractory products meet dimensional stability requirements for construction and repair in thermal insulation systems.

• Research and Development
  Studying thermal behavior of new refractory formulations or manufactured shapes to optimize design for thermal expansion resistance.

• Standardized Testing for Industry Certification
  Facilitates harmonized testing protocols enabling consistency across manufacturers and countries, supporting international trade.

Related Standards

• ISO 5016 – Determination of bulk density and true porosity of shaped insulating refractory products. Important for correlating porosity with thermal dimensional changes.

• ISO 5022 – Sampling and acceptance testing of shaped refractory products. Provides guidelines for representative specimen selection.

• ISO 836 – Terminology for refractories. Defines key terms ensuring clarity and consistency in refractory testing and documentation.

• ISO 5019-1 – Dimensions of refractory bricks, aiding in accurate test piece preparation.

• EN 1094-6 – Previous European standard on the determination of permanent dimensional changes, superseded by EN ISO 2477:2025.

Summary

EN ISO 2477:2025 is a fundamental standard for assessing the dimensional stability of shaped insulating refractory products upon heating. It enables manufacturers and users to understand thermal effects on refractory materials, ensuring performance reliability in high-temperature environments. By detailing precise sample preparation, controlled heating, and measurement methods, this standard supports consistency in quality assurance and product development across the refractory industry.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2025
Toplotnoizolacijski ognjevzdržni izdelki - 6. del: Ugotavljanje trajnih sprememb
mer oblikovanih izdelkov pri segrevanju (ISO 2477:2005)
Shaped insulating refractory products - Determination of permanent change in
dimensions on heating (ISO 2477:2005)
Geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse für Wärmedämmzwecke - Bestimmung der bleibenden
Längenänderung nach Temperatureinwirkung (ISO 2477:2005)
Produits réfractaires isolants façonnés - Détermination de la variation permanente de
dimensions sous l'action de la chaleur (ISO 2477:2005)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 2477:2025
ICS:
81.080 Ognjevzdržni materiali Refractories
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 2477
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2025
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 81.080 Supersedes EN 1094-6:1998
English Version
Shaped insulating refractory products - Determination of
permanent change in dimensions on heating (ISO
2477:2005)
Produits réfractaires isolants façonnés - Détermination Geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse für
de la variation permanente de dimensions sous l'action Wärmedämmzwecke - Bestimmung der bleibenden
de la chaleur (ISO 2477:2005) Längenänderung nach Temperatureinwirkung (ISO
2477:2005)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 May 2025.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 2477:2025 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
The text of ISO 2477:2005 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33 "Refractories” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 2477:2025 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory products and materials” the secretariat of which is held
by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2025, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2025.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1094-6:1998.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 2477:2005 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 2477:2025 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2477
Third edition
2005-06-15
Shaped insulating refractory products —
Determination of permanent change in
dimensions on heating
Produits réfractaires isolants façonnés — Détermination de la variation
permanente de dimensions sous l'action de la chaleur

Reference number
ISO 2477:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005
ISO 2477:2005(E)
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ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

ISO 2477:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 2477 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33, Refractories.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 2477:1987), which has been technically
revised to align it with EN 1094-6. The principal changes concern
 normative references,
 terms and definitions to bring the standard into line with ISO 836, and
 revisions to clauses concerning sampling, measuring equipment, test temperature and distribution, and
heating.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2477:2005(E)

Shaped insulating refractory products — Determination of
permanent change in dimensions on heating
1 Scope
This International Standard describes a method for determining the permanent change in dimensions on
heating of a shaped insulating refractory product.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5016, Shaped insulating refractory products — Determination of bulk density and true porosity
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
permanent change in dimensions on heating
dimensional expansion or contraction that remains i
...