EN 6042:2023
(Main)Aerospace series - Organic compounds - Test method - Analysis by infrared spectroscopy
Aerospace series - Organic compounds - Test method - Analysis by infrared spectroscopy
This test method describes the principles applicable to infrared transmission spectrophotometric analysis of organic compounds (elastomers, basic resins, resin mixes or resin systems) used as the matrix in reinforced polymers, adhesives, bonding primers and, in general terms, all organic compounds.
The method could also be applied to some inorganic products.
It is intended to be used jointly with special test conditions specified in the materials specification invoking the test.
This document does not give any directions necessary to meet the health and safety requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to adopt appropriate health and safety precautions.
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Organische Verbindungen - Prüfverfahren - Analyse durch lnfrarot-Spektroskopie
Dieses Dokument legt das Prüfverfahren fest, das die Grundlagen für die infrarot-spektrophotometrische Analyse von organischen Verbindungen (Elastomere, Basisharze, Harzgemische oder Harzsysteme) beschreibt, die als Matrix in verstärkten Polymeren, Klebstoffen, Haftgrundmitteln und allgemein in allen organischen Verbindungen verwendet werden.
Das Verfahren könnte auch bei bestimmten anorganischen Stoffen angewendet werden.
Es wird vorausgesetzt, dass es in Verbindung mit speziellen, in der Werkstoffnorm, die dieses Verfahren anführt, festgelegten Prüfbedingungen angewendet wird.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Anweisungen in Bezug auf die einzuhaltenden Gesundheits- und Sicherheitsanforderungen. Es ist die Verantwortung des Anwenders dieses Dokuments, die jeweils erforderlichen Gesundheits- und Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu treffen.
Série aérospatiale - Composés organiques - Méthode d'essai - Analyse par spectroscopie infrarouge
La présente méthode d’essai décrit les principes applicables à l’analyse spectrophotométrique par transmission infrarouge des composés organiques (élastomères, résines basiques, mélanges de résines ou systèmes de résines) utilisés comme matrice dans les adhésifs, les apprêts de liaison et les polymères renforcés et, de manière générale, dans tous les composés organiques.
Cette méthode est également susceptible d’être appliquée à certains produits inorganiques.
Elle doit être utilisée conjointement avec les conditions d’essai particulières définies dans la spécification des matériaux faisant appel à l’essai.
La présente norme ne donne pas les instructions nécessaires au respect des exigences en matière de santé et de sécurité. Il est de la responsabilité de l'utilisateur d'adopter les précautions appropriées liées à la santé et la sécurité.
Aeronavtika - Organske spojine - Preskusna metoda - Analiza z infrardečo spektroskopijo
Ta preskusna metoda opisuje načela, ki veljajo za analizo z infrardečo transmisijsko spektroskopijo organskih spojin (elastomerov, osnovnih smol, mešanic smol ali sistemov smol), ki se uporablja kot matrica v armiranih polimerih, lepilih, veznih osnovnih premazih in splošno v vseh organskih spojinah.
To metodo je mogoče uporabiti tudi za nekatere anorganske produkte.
Namenjena je za uporabo skupaj s posebnimi preskusnimi pogoji, ki so določeni v specifikacijah materiala, ki se ga preskuša.
Ta dokument ne vsebuje smernic, potrebnih za izpolnjevanje zdravstvenih in varnostnih zahtev. Uporabnik tega dokumenta je odgovoren, da sprejme ustrezne zdravstvene in varnostne ukrepe.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2024
Aeronavtika - Organske spojine - Preskusna metoda - Analiza z infrardečo
spektroskopijo
Aerospace series - Organic compounds - Test method - Analysis by infrared
spectroscopy
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Organische Verbindungen - Prüfverfahren - Analyse durch lnfrarot-
Spektroskopie
Série aérospatiale - Composés organiques - Méthode d'essai - Analyse par
spectroscopie infra-rouge
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 6042:2023
ICS:
49.025.40 Guma in polimerni materiali Rubber and plastics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 6042
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 49.025.40
English Version
Aerospace series - Organic compounds - Test method -
Analysis by infrared spectroscopy
Série aérospatiale - Composés organiques - Méthode Luft- und Raumfahrt - Organische Verbindungen -
d'essai - Analyse par spectroscopie infrarouge Prüfverfahren - Analyse durch lnfrarot-Spektroskopie
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2023.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 6042:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Principle of the method . 6
4.1 General. 6
4.2 The Beer-Lambert law (Method of tangents) . 6
5 Designation of the method . 7
6 Apparatus . 7
6.1 Spectrometer . 7
6.1.1 General. 7
6.1.2 Wavelength dispersion spectrometer . 7
6.1.3 Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (FTIR) . 7
6.1.4 Calibration . 8
6.2 Sampling method . 8
7 Test specimen . 8
7.1 Preparation . 8
7.2 Storage . 8
8 Procedure . 8
8.1 General. 8
8.2 Pelletization . 8
8.3 Deposit on a plate . 8
8.4 Deposit between two plates . 9
8.5 Dissolution and pelletization . 9
8.6 Total dissolution . 9
8.7 Liquid cell method . 9
8.8 Gas cell method . 9
9 Analysis and interpretation of spectra . 9
9.1 Introduction . 9
9.2 Qualitative interpretation . 10
9.3 Semi-quantitative interpretation. 10
9.3.1 General. 10
9.3.2 Calculation of the infrared index. 10
9.3.3 Validity of the interpretation . 11
9.4 Quantitative interpretation . 12
9.4.1 General. 12
9.4.2 Preliminary calibration . 12
9.4.3 Use of the spectrum . 12
10 Test report . 14
Annex A (normative) Pelletization (Method A) . 16
A.1 General. 16
A.2 Apparatus and reagents . 16
A.3 Procedure . 16
A.3.1 Sampling . 16
A.3.2 Record the spectrum . 17
Annex B (normative) Deposit on a plate (Method B) . 18
B.1 General . 18
B.2 Apparatus and reagents . 18
B.3 Procedure . 18
B.3.1 Sampling . 18
B.3.2 Record the spectrum . 19
Annex C (normative) Deposit between two plates (Method C) . 20
C.1 General . 20
C.2 Apparatus and reagents . 20
C.3 Procedure . 20
C.3.1 Sampling . 20
C.3.2 Record the spectrum . 21
Annex D (normative) Dissolution and pelletization (Method D) . 22
D.1 General . 22
D.2 Apparatus and reagents . 22
D.3 Procedure . 22
D.3.1 Sampling . 22
D.3.2 Record the spectrum . 23
Annex E (normative) Total dissolution (Method E) . 24
E.1 General . 24
E.2 Apparatus and reagents . 24
E.3 Procedure . 24
E.3.1 Preparation of the solution . 24
E.3.2 Filtration . 25
E.3.3 Record the spectrum . 25
Annex F (normative) Liquid cell (Method F) . 26
F.1 General . 26
F.2 Apparatus and reagents . 26
F.3 Procedure . 26
Annex G (normative) Gas cell (Method G) . 27
G.1 General . 27
G.2 Apparatus and reagents . 27
G.3 Procedure . 27
European foreword
This document (EN 6042:2023) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries
Association of Europe — Standardization (ASD-STAN).
After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this document has
received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of
ASD-STAN, prior to its presentation to CEN.
This European standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2024, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies the test method which describes the principles applicable to infrared
transmission spectrophotometric analysis of organic compounds (elastomers, basic resins, resin mixes
or resin systems) used as the matrix in reinforced polymers, adhesives, bonding primers and, in general
terms, all organic compounds.
The method could also be applied to some inorganic products.
It is presupposed to be used jointly with special test conditions specified in the materials specification
invoking the test.
This document does not give any directions necessary to meet the health and safety requirements. It is
the responsibility of the user of this document to adopt appropriate health and safety precautions.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 2743, Aerospace series — Fibre reinforced plastics — Standard procedures for conditioning prior to
testing unaged materials
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
base resin
main component of a resin system
3.2
resin mix
resin system
neat resin
resin
base resin + fillers + additive + catalytic systems + hardener + accelerator + thinner
3.3
prepreg resin
resin obtained from the prepreg
4 Principle of the method
4.1 General
Organic molecules consist of atoms bonded together. Many bonds vibrate at a characteristic frequency
in the infrared (IR) range.
If a monochromatic IR beam impinges on the molecule and its frequency corresponds to a natural
vibration frequency between functional groups, energy from the beam is absorbed.
Varying the wavelength of the beam therefore generates a series of absorption lines corresponding to
the various molecular bonds. This set of lines forms a spectrum. The sample is subjected to a beam at all
frequencies of interest and a computer determines which wavelengths have been absorbed. The
preferred method is Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR).
The IR absorption spectrum is reproducible and not greatly affected by the apparatus. It can be used to
— identify the main organic functional groups of the molecule (carbonyl, ether, amine, epoxy, etc.) and
— identify a material by comparison with reference spectra.
4.2 The Beer-Lambert law (Method of tangents)
For any absorption line in the IR spectrum (see Figure 2), a line can be drawn tangential to the
transmission maxima on either side of the band. The absorption Beer's law is then written:
I
O
A= log =ε⋅⋅C L
I
where
A is the absorbance;
I is the transmittance at the maximum absorption within the band (see Figure 2);
I is the transmittance read from the tangent at the maximum absorption wavelength (see
O
Figure 2);
ε is the factor of absorption (characteristic of the bond generating the absorption);
C is the concentration;
L is the length of the optical path in the sample.
For a given absorption band, ε and L are constant and absorbance A is therefore directly proportional to
concentration C.
5 Designation of the method
The designation of the method used shall be drawn up as follows.
EXAMPLE
6 Apparatus
6.1 Spectrometer
6.1.1 General
−1 −1
Two types of spectrometer are used covering the range 400 cm to 4 000 cm (2,5 µm to 25 µm).
These instruments give the same type of spectrum.
6.1.2 Wavelength dispersion spectrometer
An infrared polychromatic source generates a beam which is partially absorbed in the sample and then
enters a monochromator. The output from the monochromator is a monochromatic beam with
wavelength λ.
A detector measures the intensity of this beam and transmits the result to a recorder. The
monochromator scans the wavelength and the recorder thus produces the sample IR absorption
−1 −1 −1
spectrum. The spectral resolution at 3 000 cm shall be better than 5 cm and at 1 000 cm better
−1
than 3 cm .
6.1.3 Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (FTIR)
The Fourier transform is a basic mathematical operation which converts a time periodic function into a
frequency function.
In the FTIR spectrometer, the optical dispersion system is replaced by an interferometer. The
absorption spectrum A = f (λ) is the Fourier transform of the interference diagram obtained; this
operation is performed by a computer connected to the spectrometer. FTIR spectroscopy offers the
following advantages:
— faster;
−1
— better resolution (1 – 2) cm ;
— more sensitive since the energy loss is lower and the detectors used are more sensitive;
— more suitable for sensitive materials that change with time.
6.1.4 Calibration
The wavelength and absorption shall be calibrated with the standards recommended by the instrument
supplier (e.g. polystyrene film).
6.2 Sampling method
Sampling procedures together with method specific apparatus and reagents are defined in Annex A to
Annex G.
7 Test specimen
7.1 Preparation
In general terms, the sample analysed shall be representative of the entire substance, i.e. the quantity of
each component it contains shall be reproducible.
With reinforced products, it is usually necessary to eliminate the support (fibres or fabric), any mineral
fillers and solvents using an appropriate process (extraction of the solvent, evaporation,
centrifuging, etc.) to isolate the resin system.
Subsequently, take all precautions to obtain a homogeneous sample from a mixture of compounds,
some of which tend to segregate. A resin system can contain some insolubles, some partially solubles
and some entirely solubles.
7.2 Storage
The sample for analysis shall be stored under conditions such that it does not change between sampling
and analysis or between two analyses.
8 Procedure
8.1 General
The test shall be carried out at (23 ± 2) °C and (50 ± 5) % relative humidity (according to EN 2743 B
conditions).
Several infrared spectrophotometry methods can be used. The differences lie in the preparation and
processing of the sample or the type of result expected.
The annexes describe special features of each method.
8.2 Pelletization
This method is applicable to solid substances that are insoluble or difficult to dissolve, such as
elastomers and cured materials.
This method is described in Annex A.
It offers qualitative and, possibly, semi-quantitative results.
8.3 Deposit on a plate
This is a method frequently used for pasty, viscous organic substances. The deposit may be
heterogeneous and can be difficult to reproduce.
This method is described in Annex B.
It will only give qualitative results.
8.4 Deposit between two
...
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