EN ISO 14087:2022

• Abstract:

  This document specifies a test method for the determination of the bending force of leather.

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 18-Oct-2022
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 289 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 289 - Leather
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 19-Oct-2022
• Completion Date: 19-Oct-2022
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 14087:2022 - Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Determination of bending force (ISO 14087:2022)

• Replaces: EN ISO 14087:2011 - Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Determination of bending force (ISO 14087:2011)
• Effective Date: 26-Oct-2022
• Refers: ISO 2589:2016 - Leather — Physical and mechanical tests — Determination of thickness
• Effective Date: 25-Aug-2026
• Refers: ISO 2419:2012 - Leather — Physical and mechanical tests — Sample preparation and conditioning
• Effective Date: 09-Feb-2026
• Refers: ISO 2418:2017 - Leather — Chemical, physical and mechanical and fastness tests — Sampling location
• Effective Date: 09-Feb-2026
• Refers: ISO 7500-1:2018 - Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
• Effective Date: 09-Feb-2026
• Refers: EN 12101-13:2022 - Smoke and heat control systems - Part 13: Pressure differential systems (PDS) - Design and calculation methods, installation, acceptance testing, routine testing and maintenance
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 14906:2012 - Leather - Leather for automotive - Test methods and testing parameters
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Consolidated By: ISO 14087:2022 - Leather — Physical and mechanical tests — Determination of bending force
• Effective Date: 12-Feb-2026

Overview

EN ISO 14087:2022 - Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Determination of bending force (ISO 14087:2022) specifies a laboratory method to measure the bending force of leather using the bar (two-point) bending method. Prepared by IULTCS in cooperation with CEN, this standard defines the test principle, required apparatus, sample preparation and the procedure to obtain comparable bending force results for quality control, specification and R&D.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Test principle: Two-point (bar) bending - the specimen is clamped in a rotating fixture and pressed against a vertical metering bar; force is measured at defined bending angles, lengths and rates.
• Apparatus requirements:
  • Clamping jaws: depth (35 ± 1) mm; minimum width ≥ 30 mm; must enable parallel clamping and even pressure distribution.
  • Pivot axis: located exactly at the front edge of the fixed clamp (deviation ± 0.1 mm).
  • Rotation: range 1° to 91°; speed adjustable up to 10°/s with 0.1°/s resolution; max deviation limits specified.
  • Metering bar and load cell: bar with sharp edge (R = 0.05 ± 0.01 mm), width ≥ 30 mm; load cell up to 10 N (optionally 1 N) with accuracy per ISO 7500-1:2018 class 2.
  • Adjustability: distance between bar and pivot 0.1 mm to 50 mm (accuracy 0.1 mm); preliminary contact force adjustable to 1 mN accuracy.
  • Torque control: torque wrench range 0.05–0.2 Nm (accuracy 0.01 Nm); recommended clamping torque 0.08 Nm for routine tests.
• Sampling and conditioning: follow ISO 2418 (sampling location) and ISO 2419 (sample preparation and conditioning). Thickness reference: ISO 2589.
• Measured parameters: bending force at specified bending angle, bending length and bending rate (°/s). Each specimen is tested once; multiple specimens required for compression and extension bending.

Applications and users

• Who uses it: leather technologists, quality control and testing laboratories, tanneries, footwear and upholstery manufacturers, automotive interior suppliers, product developers and standards bodies.
• Practical uses:
  • Specify material performance for product design (flexibility, handle and durability).
  • Compare batches or suppliers during incoming inspection and acceptance testing.
  • Support R&D for finishing, coating or mechanical treatments that affect bending behavior.
  • Provide objective data for conformity, procurement and supplier agreements.

Related standards

• ISO 2418 - Leather: sampling location
• ISO 2419 - Leather: sample preparation and conditioning
• ISO 2589 - Leather: determination of thickness
• ISO 7500-1:2018 - Calibration and verification of force-measuring systems

EN ISO 14087:2022 provides a reproducible, instrument-specific method to quantify leather bending force, enabling consistent evaluation across laboratories and industries where leather flexibility and mechanical behavior are critical.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 14087:2012
Usnje - Fizikalni in mehanski preskusi - Ugotavljanje sile upogibanja (ISO
14087:2022)
Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Determination of bending force (ISO
14087:2022)
Leder - Physikalische und mechanische Prüfungen - Bestimmung der Biegekraft (ISO
14087:2022)
Cuir - Essais physiques et mécaniques - Détermination de la force de flexion (ISO
14087:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14087:2022
ICS:
59.140.30 Usnje in krzno Leather and furs
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 14087
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 59.140.30 Supersedes EN ISO 14087:2011
English Version
Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Determination of
bending force (ISO 14087:2022)
Cuir - Essais physiques et mécaniques - Détermination Leder - Physikalische und mechanische Prüfungen -
de la force de flexion (ISO 14087:2022) Bestimmung der Biegekraft (ISO 14087:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 April 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14087:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14087:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee IULTCS "International
Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies" in collaboration with Technical Committee
CEN/TC 289 “Leather” the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14087:2011.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14087:2022 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14087:2022 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14087
IULTCS
IUP 54
Second edition
2022-06
Leather — Physical and mechanical
tests — Determination of bending
force
Cuir — Essais physiques et mécaniques — Détermination de la force
de flexion
Reference numbers
ISO 14087:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUP 54:2022(E)
ISO 14087:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUP 54:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 14087:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUP 54:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 S c op e . 1
2 Nor m at i ve r ef er enc e s . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 P r i nc iple . 2
5 A pp a r at u s . 2
6 Sampling and sample preparation . 5
7 Te s t pr o c e du r e .5
8 Te s t r ep or t . 6
iii
ISO 14087:2022(E)
IULTCS/IUP 54:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
IULTCS, originally formed in 1897, is a world-wide organization of professional leather societies to
further the advancement of leather science and technology. IULTCS has three Commissions, which
are responsible for establishing international methods for the sampling and testing of leather. ISO
recognizes IULTCS as an international standardizing body for the preparation of test methods for
leather.
This document was prepared by the Physical Tests Commission of the International Union of Leather
Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUP Commission, IULTCS) in collaboration with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289, Leather, the secretariat of
which is held by UNI, in accordance with the agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN
(Vienna Agreement).
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