EN 13889:2003+A1:2008

Forged steel shackles for general lifting purposes - Dee shackles and bow shackles - Grade 6 - Safety

This European Standard specifies requirements for forged steel Dee and bow shackles of grade 6 for general lifting purposes in a range of working load limits 0,5 t to 25 t maximum.
This standard applies only to those shackles with threaded pins.
Annex A gives information on the safe use of shackles, annex B gives information on types of pins, and annex C gives an example of a designation system for forged steel shackles.
The hazards covered are identified in clause 4.

Geschmiedete Schäkel für allgemeine Hebezwecke - Gerade und geschweifte Schäkel - Güteklasse 6 - Sicherheit

Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen für geschmiedete, gerade und geschweifte Schäkel in
Güteklasse 6 für allgemeine Hebezwecke in einem Bereich von 0,5 t bis 25 t Tragfähigkeit fest.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nur für Schäkel mit Schraubbolzen.
Anhang A enthält Hinweise über die Benutzung von Schäkeln, Anhang B enthält Angaben über Bolzen und
Anhang C enthält ein Beispiel für ein Bezeichnungssystem für geschmiedete Schäkel.
Die Gefährdungen, die abgedeckt werden, sind in Abschnitt 4 aufgeführt.

Manilles forgées en acier pour applications générales de levage - Manilles droites et manilles lyres - Classe 6 - Sécurité

La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions relatives aux manilles droites et aux manilles lyres forgées
en acier de classe 6 pour les applications générales de levage ayant des charges maximales d'utilisation comprises
entre 0,5 t et 25 t maximum.
La présente norme s'applique uniquement aux manilles ayant des axes filetés.
L'Annexe A donne des informations sur l'utilisation sûre des manilles, l'Annexe B donne des informations sur les
types d'axes, et l'Annexe C donne un exemple d'un système de désignation pour les manilles forgées en acier.
Les phénomènes dangereux couverts sont identifiés à l’article 4.

Kovane jeklene skobe za splošne dvigalne namene - Ravne in zakrivljene skobe - Kakovostni razred 6 - Varnost

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 11-Nov-2008
• Withdrawal Date: 27-Dec-2009
• ICS: 53.020.30 - Accessories for lifting equipment
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 168 - Chains, ropes, webbing, slings and accessories - safaty
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 168/WG 4 - Hooks and other accessories
• Current Stage: 9060 - Closure of 2 Year Review Enquiry - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 03-Jun-2024
• Completion Date: 03-Jun-2024
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009 - Forged steel shackles for general lifting purposes - Dee shackles and bow shackles - Grade 6 - Safety

Relations

• Merged From: EN 13889:2003 - Forged steel shackles for general lifting purposes - Dee shackles and bow shackles - Grade 6 - Safety
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008

Overview

EN 13889:2003+A1:2008 is the CEN European safety standard for forged steel Dee and bow shackles (Grade 6) used for general lifting purposes. It covers shackles with threaded pins and specifies requirements for design, materials, manufacturing, testing, marking and documentation for working load limits (WLL) from 0.5 t to 25 t. Annex A gives guidance on safe use, Annex B (normative) details pin types, and Annex C provides an example designation system. The standard supports conformity with the EU Machinery Directives (see informative annexes ZA/ZB).

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope: Dee and bow shackles, Grade 6, threaded pins only, WLL 0.5 t–25 t.
• Dimensions & fit: Principal dimensions tied to WLL (see Table 2 of the standard) to ensure correct fit and to minimize errors of assembly.
• Design of threads: Screw threads must conform to ISO 261 (class 7H/8g) or ISO 263 (class 1A/1B); allowance for undercutting before galvanizing/coating.
• Pins: Types described (e.g., type W - screwed pin with eye and collar; type X - bolt with nut and cotter pin); Annex B specifies pin requirements.
• Materials & heat treatment:
  • Steel produced by electric or oxygen process, fully killed, stabilized against strain-age embrittlement.
  • Grain size: austenitic grain size 5 or finer (ISO 643).
  • Hardening from above AC3 and tempering ≥ 420 °C (≥1 h) before proof testing.
• Manufacture & workmanship:
  • Bodies forged hot in one piece; no welding; pins not cast; remove excess metal and sharp edges; surface finishes (descaled, plated, galvanized) acceptable.
• Testing & inspection:
  • Manufacturing proof force (MPF) and breaking force requirements; verification and non‑destructive testing referenced (EN 10228 magnetic/penetrant); calibration per ISO 7500‑1.
• Marking, traceability & documentation:
  • Mandatory marking, lot numbers, traceability codes, manufacturer’s certificate and instructions for use to ensure safe selection and compliance.

Practical applications and users

• Who uses it: shackle manufacturers, lifting equipment designers, riggers, maintenance and safety officers, procurement teams, conformity assessment bodies and inspectors.
• Where applied: cranes, slings, hoists, marine rigging, construction, offshore, manufacturing and any industry using shackles for load attachment.
• Benefits: standardized safety and interchangeability, reduced risk of accidental load release, consistent quality control and CE/Machinery Directive conformity evidence.

Related standards / references

• EN 292‑2 (safety of machinery principles), EN 10228 (NDT of forgings), ISO 261 / ISO 263 (threads), ISO 643 (grain size), ISO 7500‑1 (test machine verification).

Keywords: EN 13889, forged steel shackles, Dee shackle, bow shackle, Grade 6, working load limit, threaded pins, lifting accessories, safety standard, manufacturing proof force, traceability.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Kovane jeklene skobe za splošne dvigalne namene - Ravne in zakrivljene skobe - Kakovostni razred 6 - VarnostGeschmiedete Schäkel für allgemeine Hebezwecke - Gerade und geschweifte Schäkel - Güteklasse 6 - SicherheitManilles forgées en acier pour applications générales de levage - Manilles droites et manilles lyres - Classe 6 - SécuritéForged steel shackles for general lifting purposes - Dee shackles and bow shackles - Grade 6 - Safety53.020.30Pribor za dvigalno opremoAccessories for lifting equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13889:2003+A1:2008SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009en,fr,de01-januar-2009SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13889:2003+A1
November 2008 ICS 53.020.30 Supersedes EN 13889:2003 English Version
Forged steel shackles for general lifting purposes - Dee shackles and bow shackles - Grade 6 - Safety
Manilles forgées en acier pour applications générales de levage - Manilles droites et manilles lyres - Classe 6 - Sécurité
Geschmiedete Schäkel für allgemeine Hebezwecke - Gerade und geschweifte Schäkel - Güteklasse 6 - Sicherheit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 April 2003 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 9 September 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13889:2003+A1:2008: ESIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009

Safe use of shackles.21 Annex B (normative)
Shackle pins.27 Annex C (informative)
Designation system for forged steel shackles.28 Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC"""".29 Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""".30 Bibliography.31
3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions given in EN 10025: 1990 and the following apply: 3.1 shackle a lifting accessory comprising a body and pin as shown in Figures 1 and 2 which are readily separable and can be used to connect a load to a lifting machine directly or in conjunction with other lifting accessories.
3.2 body a part of the shackle formed to the shape of a dee or bow and terminating in eyes as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
3.3 pin a component of circular section which passes through the eyes of the shackle, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and B.1 and which can be readily disassembled.
3.4 dee shackle a shackle the crown of which forms a semicircle of internal radius half the width, W, between the eyes as shown in Figure 1. 3.5 bow shackle a shackle the crown of which forms more than a semicircle of internal radius more than half the width, W, between the eyes as shown in Figure 2. 3.6 working load limit WLL maximum mass that a shackle is authorized to sustain in general service NOTE This term has the same meaning as the term maximum working load used in EN 292-2: 1991, annex A. 3.7 manufacturing proof force MPF force applied to the shackle during the manufacturing proof test 3.8 breaking force BF maximum force reached during the static tensile test of a shackle at which the shackle fails to retain the load 3.9 traceability code series of letters and/or numbers marked on a shackle that enables its manufacturing history, including identity of the cast of steel used, to be traced
3.10 lot number of shackles of the same type and dimensions, manufactured during the same production run from the same cast of steel and subjected to the same heat treatment process
3.11 type W pin screwed pin with eye and collar and which screws into one eye of the shackle body
3.13 competent person designated person, suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and with the necessary instruction to enable the required test and examination to be carried out NOTE EN ISO 9001 gives guidance on training. 4 Hazards Accidental release of a load, or release of a load due to failure of shackle puts at risk, either directly or indirectly the safety or health of those persons within the danger zone. In order to provide the necessary strength and durability of shackles EN 13889 gives requirements for the design, manufacture and testing to ensure the specified levels of performance are met. Since failure can be caused by the incorrect choice of grade and specification of shackle EN 13889 also gives the requirements for marking and the manufacturer's certificate. Errors of fitting can also lead to failure and EN 13889 contains dimensional requirements to allow correct fit. Risk of injury due to sharp edges, sharp angles or rough surfaces when handling is also covered by this standard. Those aspects of safe use associated with good practice are given in annex A. Table 1 contains those hazards, which require action to reduce risk identified by risk assessment as being specific and significant for shackles.
Table 1 — Hazards and associated requirements Hazards identified in annex A Relevant clause Relevant clause/ EN 1050: 1996,
of annex A of EN 292-2: 1991 subclause of
EN 13889 1 Mechanical hazard 1.3.2
due to inadequacy 4.1.2.3
of strength 1.3.2 4.1.2.3 4.1.2.5 5 5 5
4.2.4 6
4.3.2 7
4.2.4 8
1.7.4 9 1.3 Cutting hazard 1.3.4 5.3 1.8 Friction or abrasion hazard 1.3.4 5.3 15 Errors of fitting hazard 1.5.4 5.1
Key: 1 Crown 2 Body 3 Example of screwed pin with eye and collar – type W 4 Eye 5 Bolt type pin with hexagon head, hexagon nut and split cotter pin – type X Figure 1 — Dimensions of dee shackles SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009

Key: 1 Crown 2 Body 3 Example of screwed pin with eye and collar – type W 4 Eye 5 Bolt type pin with hexagon head, hexagon nut and split cotter pin – type X Figure 2 — Dimensions of Bow shackles SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009

Table 2 — Limiting values for Dee shackles and Bow shackles
WLL Nominal bow diameter dn Nominal pin diameter Dn Nominal inside width Wn at pin
Minimum eye diameter en Dee shackle: minimum inside length S Bow shackle: minimum inside length
S Minimum inside width of bow
Emin t mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 0,5 6,50 8 12 15,5 20 27 19 0,75 8 9,5
13,5 18,5 25 29 20 1 10 11 16,5 22 27 32 24 1,5 11,2 12,2 19 25 33 39 27 2 13,5 16 21,5 29,5 38 44 30 3,25 16,5 19 27 38 47 57 39 4,75 20 22 31,5 44 52 65 48 6,5 23 25 36,5 50 65 76 55 8,5 25,5 28 43 56 74 88 64 9,5 29 32 46,5 64 83 101 70 12 33 35 51,5 70 87 108 78 13,5 36,5 38 57 76 104 126 85 17 39,5 42 60 84 115 139 94 25 46 51 74 100 139 168 119 NOTE: Tolerances: - Bow dia, dn :0,5 t up to and including 2 t : +1,5/ - 1 mm
3,25 t up to and including 12 t : +/- 2,5 mm
13,5 t up to and including 25 t : +/- 3 mm Allow bow diameter dn to be oval, + 10 % for sizes 3,25 t up to and including 17 t, + 25 % for size 25 t (same tolerances as above) - Pin dia, Dn : 0,5 t up to and including 2 t : +/- 1 mm
3,25 t up to and including 25 t : +/- 2 mm - Inside width at pin,Wn : 0,5 t up to and including 2 t : +/- 2,5 mm
3,25 t up to and including 9,5 t : +/- 3 mm
12 t up to and including 25 t : +/- 4 mm
5.2 Design 5.2.1 Screw threads Screw threads shall conform either to ISO 261 class 7H/8g or to ISO 263 class 1A/1B. NOTE For hot dip galvanized or coated pins it is permissible for the threads to be undercut prior to galvanizing or coating. SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009

Cast analysis Check analysis
%
%
Sulfur 0,025 0,030 Phosphorus 0,025 0,030
Table 4 — Mechanical properties Working load limit WLL Manufacturing proof force MPF Minimum breaking force BFmin t kN kN 0,5 9,8 24,5 0,75 14,7 36,8 1 19,6 49,1 1,5 29,4 73,6 2 39,2 98,1 3,25 63,7 160 4,75 93,1 233 6,5 128 319 8,5 167 417 9,5 187 466 12 236 589 13,5 265 662 17 334 834 25 491 1226
NOTE The mechanical properties specified in Table 4 are calculated values. It is common practice for manufacturers to round MPF and BF up to higher values that may appear in their published catalogues. SIST EN 13889:2004+A1:2009
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