EN 12428:2013
(Main)Industrial, commercial and garage doors - Thermal transmittance - Requirements for the calculation
General Information
- Abstract
1.1 General
This European Standard specifies a method for calculating the thermal transmittance of industrial, commercial and garage doors in a closed position.
The doors are intended for installation in areas in the reach of people, for which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods, vehicles and persons in industrial, commercial or residential premises.
The doors may be manually or power operated.
This document applies to all doors provided in accordance with EN 13241-1.
The calculation can include different types of glazing, frames with or without thermal breaks, and different types of opaque panels and thermal bridge effects at the edge of the panel or joint between the glazed area, the frame area and the panel area.
This paper does not include the effects of solar radiation, heat transfer caused by air leakage, calculation of condensation, additional heat transfer at the corners and edges of the door connections to the main building structure, or thermal effects between the door and the main building structure.
1.2 Exclusions
It does not apply to:
- lock gates and dock gates;
- doors on lifts;
- doors on vehicles;
- armoured doors;
- doors mainly for the retention of animals;
- theatre textile curtains;
- horizontally moving doors less than 2,5 m wide and 6,25 m2 area, designed principally for pedestrian use;
- revolving doors of any size;
- doors outside the reach of people (such as crane gantry fences);
- railway barriers;
- barriers used solely for vehicles.
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 29-Jan-2013
- Withdrawal Date
- 30-Jul-2013
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 33 - Doors, windows, shutters and building hardware
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 33/WG 5 - Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates
- Current Stage
- 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
- Start Date
- 04-Jun-2024
- Completion Date
- 17-Sep-2026
Overview
EN 12428:2013 (CEN) specifies a standardized calculation method for thermal transmittance (U-value) of industrial, commercial and garage doors in the closed position. The standard targets doors installed within reach of people and intended to provide access for goods, vehicles and persons. It supports consistent assessment of heat loss through doors (including combinations of glazing, frames and opaque panels) and is intended for products supplied in accordance with EN 13241-1.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and exclusions: applies to manual or powered doors covered by EN 13241-1. Excludes lock/dock gates, lift doors, vehicle doors, armoured doors, revolving doors, railway barriers, theatre curtains, and other specified types.
- Calculation principle: requires two-dimensional numerical analysis conforming to EN ISO 10211; based on the single-assessment method using length-related linear thermal transmittance (ψ) for joints and edges.
- U-value definition: total heat flow through the door divided by a reference temperature difference (20 °C) and door aperture area (W/m²K).
- Components considered: glazing types, frame designs (with/without thermal breaks), opaque panels, panel-to-frame joints, and thermal bridge effects at edges and joints.
- Cavities and glazing: treatment of cavities follows EN ISO 10077-2 rules; glazing U-values follow EN 673; cavity heat transfer represented by an equivalent thermal conductivity accounting for conduction, convection and radiation.
- Point thermal bridges & hardware: screws and hardware penetrating insulation must be accounted for; a pragmatic allowance of Utb + hc = 0.1 W/m²K can be used to include small thermal bridges and hardware effects when appropriate.
- Boundaries and assumptions: surrounding wall/floor treated as adiabatic for the door calculation; solar radiation, air leakage, condensation, corner effects at building connections and heat transfer between door and main structure are excluded.
Practical applications and users
- Manufacturers and product designers use EN 12428:2013 to predict door thermal performance during product development and to compare design alternatives (panels, glazing, frame details).
- Specifiers and architects reference the standard when selecting doors to meet building thermal performance targets or to provide inputs for whole-building energy models.
- Energy assessors and consultants use the calculated U-values as input for building heat-loss and energy-efficiency calculations.
- Test laboratories and compliance teams apply the method to demonstrate conformity with EN 13241-1 and to document declared thermal performance.
Related standards
- EN 13241-1 (product standard for doors)
- EN ISO 10211 (thermal bridges - detailed calculations)
- EN ISO 10077-2 (frames - numerical methods)
- EN 673 (glazing U-value)
- EN ISO 12631, EN ISO 6946, EN 12433 (terminology/definitions)
EN 12428:2013 provides a clear, reproducible approach to quantify thermal transmittance of industrial and commercial doors, helping stakeholders optimize designs for thermal performance and energy efficiency.
Relations
- Effective Date
- 02-Oct-2010
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
Get Certified
Connect with accredited certification bodies for this standard
DIBt (Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik)
German Institute for Building Technology.
DIN CERTCO
DIN Group product certification.
Aboma Certification B.V.
Specialized in construction, metal, and transport sectors.
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Frequently Asked Questions
EN 12428:2013 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Industrial, commercial and garage doors - Thermal transmittance - Requirements for the calculation". This standard covers: 1.1 General This European Standard specifies a method for calculating the thermal transmittance of industrial, commercial and garage doors in a closed position. The doors are intended for installation in areas in the reach of people, for which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods, vehicles and persons in industrial, commercial or residential premises. The doors may be manually or power operated. This document applies to all doors provided in accordance with EN 13241-1. The calculation can include different types of glazing, frames with or without thermal breaks, and different types of opaque panels and thermal bridge effects at the edge of the panel or joint between the glazed area, the frame area and the panel area. This paper does not include the effects of solar radiation, heat transfer caused by air leakage, calculation of condensation, additional heat transfer at the corners and edges of the door connections to the main building structure, or thermal effects between the door and the main building structure. 1.2 Exclusions It does not apply to: - lock gates and dock gates; - doors on lifts; - doors on vehicles; - armoured doors; - doors mainly for the retention of animals; - theatre textile curtains; - horizontally moving doors less than 2,5 m wide and 6,25 m2 area, designed principally for pedestrian use; - revolving doors of any size; - doors outside the reach of people (such as crane gantry fences); - railway barriers; - barriers used solely for vehicles.
1.1 General This European Standard specifies a method for calculating the thermal transmittance of industrial, commercial and garage doors in a closed position. The doors are intended for installation in areas in the reach of people, for which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods, vehicles and persons in industrial, commercial or residential premises. The doors may be manually or power operated. This document applies to all doors provided in accordance with EN 13241-1. The calculation can include different types of glazing, frames with or without thermal breaks, and different types of opaque panels and thermal bridge effects at the edge of the panel or joint between the glazed area, the frame area and the panel area. This paper does not include the effects of solar radiation, heat transfer caused by air leakage, calculation of condensation, additional heat transfer at the corners and edges of the door connections to the main building structure, or thermal effects between the door and the main building structure. 1.2 Exclusions It does not apply to: - lock gates and dock gates; - doors on lifts; - doors on vehicles; - armoured doors; - doors mainly for the retention of animals; - theatre textile curtains; - horizontally moving doors less than 2,5 m wide and 6,25 m2 area, designed principally for pedestrian use; - revolving doors of any size; - doors outside the reach of people (such as crane gantry fences); - railway barriers; - barriers used solely for vehicles.
EN 12428:2013 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.060.50 - Doors and windows. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 12428:2013 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 12428:2000, EN ISO 6946:2007, EN ISO 7345:1995, EN 673:2024, EN ISO 12631:2012, EN 12433-1:1999, EN ISO 10211:2007, EN 12433-2:1999, EN ISO 10077-2:2012, EN 13241:2003+A2:2016, CEN/TR 16676:2014, EN 13241-1:2003+A1:2011. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 12428:2013 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Tore - Wärmedurchgangskoeffizient - Anforderungen an die BerechnungPortes et portails équipant les locaux industriels, commerciaux et les garages - Transmission thermique - Exigences pour les calculsIndustrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Thermal transmittance - Requirements for classification91.090Konstrukcije zunaj stavbExternal structures91.060.50Vrata in oknaDoors and windowsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12428:2013SIST EN 12428:2013en,fr,de01-julij-2013SIST EN 12428:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12428:20011DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12428
January 2013 ICS 91.060.50 Supersedes EN 12428:2000English Version
Industrial, commercial and garage doors - Thermal transmittance - Requirements for the calculation
Portes et portails équipant les locaux industriels, commerciaux et les garages - Transmission thermique - Exigences pour les calculs
Tore - Wärmedurchgangskoeffizient - Anforderungen an die Berechnung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 December 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12428:2013: ESIST EN 12428:2013
Thermal insulation related to buildings (energy efficiency) . 11 Bibliography. 14
the geometrical characteristics. Clause 5 now defines the calculation method including information about boundaries, cavities, point bridges and the calculation method. New Annex A informs about energy efficiency. This document is one of a series of performance standards identified within the product standard EN 13241-1. European Standards as well as relevant national regulations and standards will enable the actual exposure levels to be determined for the individual locations of the products. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Detailed calculations (ISO 10211) EN ISO 12631:2012, Thermal performance of curtain walling Calculation of thermal transmittance (ISO 12631:2012) 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12433-1:1999, EN 12433-2:1999, EN ISO 7345:1995 and EN ISO 6946:2007 apply. The thermal transmittance of glazing units, Ug, is defined according to EN 673 which does
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