EN 61079-1:1993
(Main)Methods of measurement on receivers for satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band - Part 1: Radiofrequency measurements on outdoor units
Methods of measurement on receivers for satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band - Part 1: Radiofrequency measurements on outdoor units
Applies to the outdoor unit of a receiver for the direct reception of satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band. Defines the conditions and methods of measurement to be applied.
Meßverfahren für Empfänger für Satellitenrundfunk-Übertragungen im 12-GHz-Bereich - Teil 1: Radiofrequenz-Messungen an der Außeneinheit
Méthodes de mesure sur les récepteurs d'émissions de radiodiffusion par satellite dans la bande 12 GHz - Partie 1: Mesures en radiofréquence sur le matériel extérieur
S'applique à l'unité extérieure d'un récepteur d'émission de radiodiffusion directe par satellite dans la bande 12 GHz. Définit les conditions et méthodes de mesure qui doivent être appliquées.
Methods of measurement on receivers for satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band -- Part 1: Radiofrequency measurements on outdoor units (IEC 61079-1:1992) (IEC 61079-1:1992)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-1999
Methods of measurement on receivers for satellite broadcast transmissions in the
12 GHz band -- Part 1: Radiofrequency measurements on outdoor units (IEC 61079
-1:1992) (IEC 61079-1:1992)
Methods of measurement on receivers for satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12
GHz band -- Part 1: Radiofrequency measurements on outdoor units
Meßverfahren für Empfänger für Satellitenrundfunk-Übertragungen im 12-GHz-Bereich --
Teil 1: Radiofrequenz-Messungen an der Außeneinheit
Méthodes de mesure sur les récepteurs d'émissions de radiodiffusion par satellite dans
la bande 12 GHz -- Partie 1: Mesures en radiofréquence sur le matériel extérieur
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61079-1:1993
ICS:
33.060.20 Sprejemna in oddajna Receiving and transmitting
oprema equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
61079-1
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STAN
DARD
First edition
1992-06
Méthodes de mesure sur les récepteurs
d'émissions de radiodiffusion par satellite
dans la bande 12 GHz
Partie 1:
Mesures en radiofréquence sur le matériel extérieur
Methods of measurement on receivers for
satellite broadcast transmissions in
the 12 GHz band
Part 1:
Radio-frequency measurements on outdoor units
© IEC 1992 Droits
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1079-1 ©IEC - 3 -
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 9
SECTION 1 - GENERAL
Clause
1.1 Scope
1.2 Normative references 11
1.3 Definitions 13
SECTION 2 - GENERAL NOTES ON MEASUREMENT
2.1 General conditions
2.1.1 Introduction 13
2.1.2 Test site 13
2.1.3 Environmental conditions 13
2.1.4 Power supply 13
2.1.5 Other conditions 15
2.2 Radio-frequency input signals 15
2.2.1 Introduction 15
2.2.2 Test signals 15
2.2.3 Test frequencies 15
2.2.4 Radio-frequency input arrangement 15
2.2.5 17 Input signal level
SECTION 3 - MEASURING METHODS
3.1 Polarization isolation 19
3.1.1 Introduction 19
3.1.2 Method of measurement 19
3.1.3 Presentation of the results 21
1079-1 ©IEC - 5 -
Clause Page
3.2 Impedance matching at the input terminal 21
32.1 Introduction 21
3.2.2 Method of measurement 21
3.2.3 Presentation of the results 23
3.3 Impedance matching at the output terminal 23
3.3.1 Introduction 23
3.3.2 Method of measurement 23
3.3.3 Presentation of the results 25
3.4 Gain frequency characteristics 25
3.4.1 Introduction 25
3.4.2 Method of measurement 25
3.4.3 Presentation of the results 27
3.5 Output signal level versus input signal level 27
3.5.1 Introduction 27
3.5.2 Method of measurement
3.5.3 Presentation of the results 29
3.6 Intermodulation 29
3.6.1 Introduction 29
3.6.2 Method of measurement 29
3.6.3 Presentation of the results 31
3.7 Noise figure and noise temperature 31
3.7.1 Introduction 31
3.7.2 Method of measurement 31
3.7.3 Presentation of the results 35
3.8 G/T 35
3.8.1 Introduction 35
3.8.2 Method of measurement 35
3.8.3 Presentation of the results 37
1079-1 ©I EC - 7
Clause Page
3.9 Alternative method for G/T 37
3.9.1 Introduction 37
3.9.2 Method of measurement 39
3.9.3 Presentation of the results 43
3.10 Image suppression ratio 43
3.10.1 Introduction 43
3.10.2 Method of measurement 43
3.10.3 Presentation of the results 45
3.11 Spurious responses 45
3.11.1 Introduction 45
3.11.2 Method of measurement 45
3.11.3 Presentation of the results 47
3.12 Intermediate frequency beat suppression ratio 49
3.12.1 Introduction 49
3.12.2 Method of measurement 49
3.12.3 Presentation of the results 49
3.13 Local oscillator frequency stability 51
3.13.1 Introduction 51
3.13.2 Method of measurement 51
3.13.3 Presentation of the results 51
FIGURES 53
ANNEX A (informative) - Bibliography 85
- 9 -
1079-1 40 IEC
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
METHODS OF MEASUREMENT ON RECEIVERS FOR
SATELLITE BROADCAST TRANSMISSIONS
BAND
IN THE 12 GHz
Part 1: Radio-frequency measurements on outdoor units
FOREWORD
The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on
1)
which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as
possible, an international consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with.
They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National
2)
Committees in that sense.
In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees
3)
should adopt the text of the IEC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will
permit. Any divergence between the IEC recommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as
far as possible, be clearly indicated in the latter.
This standard has been prepared by Sub-Committee 12A: Receiving equipment, of IEC
Technical Committee No. 12: Radiocommunications.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
Report on Voting
Report on Voting Two Months' Procedure
Six Months' Rule / DIS
12A(CO)164
12A(CO)135 12A(CO)149
12A(CO)131
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the Voting
Reports indicated in the above table.
1079-1 © IEC - 11 -
METHODS OF MEASUREMENT ON RECEIVERS FOR
SATELLITE BROADCAST TRANSMISSIONS
IN THE 12 GHz BAND
Part 1: Radio-frequency measurements on outdoor units
SECTION 1 - GENERAL
1.1 Scope
This International Standard applies to the outdoor unit of a receiver for the direct reception
of satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band. The channels are those defined
by WARC BS-77 and RARC SAT-83 and the systems are those defined in CCIR
Recommendation 650.
The object of this standard is to define the conditions and methods of measurement to be
applied. The standard does not specify pe rformance requirements.
An outdoor unit normally comprises three main pa
rts, the antenna, the depolarizer and
optional orthomode transducer (OMT), and the SHF converter as defined in clause 1.3.
The methods of measuring the electrical properties described in this pa rt of the standard
apply particularly to the outdoor unit or the SHF converter.
Methods of measurement on the associated DBS tuner unit are described in Part 2 of this
standard.
1.2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in
this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication
of this standard, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject
to revision, and pa rties to agreements based on this International Standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the
standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid
International Standards.
IEC 107-1: 1977, Recommended methods of measurement on receivers for television
broadcast transmissions - Part 1: General considerations - Electrical measurements other
than those at audio-frequencies.
IEC 1079-2: 1992, Methods of measurement on receivers for satellite broadcast trans-
missions in the 12 GHz
band - Part 2: Electrical measurements on DBS tuner units.
1079-1 © IEC –13 –
1.3 Definitions
For the purpose of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.
The outdoor unit is a part
of the receiver for satellite broadcast transmissions in the
12 GHz
band, and comprises three main pa rts:
a)
the antenna including the feed horn which receives the signals broadcast by
satellites;
b)
the depolarizer that converts circular polarization to linear polarization and an op-
tional orthomode transducer, OMT, which separates two incoming differently polarized
signals into two independent SHF outputs;
c)
the SHF converter (also called low noise converter (LNC) or low noise block
converter (LNB)), which is a device to convert the received signals in the 12 GHz band
to intermediate frequencies (often called the first i.f.) usually in the range of
approximately 1 GHz to 2 GHz, for application to one or more DBS tuner units, where
demodulation and decoding of the received signals are performed.
SECTION 2 - GENERAL NOTES ON MEASUREMENT
2.1 General conditions
2.1.1 Introduction
Measurements shall be made in accordance with the following conditions to ensure
reproducible results. The methods described here assume the use of the following trans-
mission systems: digital sub-carrier/NTSC, B-MAC, C-MAC/packet, D-MAC/packet and
D2 MAC/packet. Information pertaining to these systems may be found in the references
listed in the bibliography given in annex A.
2.1.2
Test site
Measurements shall be carried out at a location that is not subject to external interference
from radio frequency energy. If interference cannot be avoided, the measurements shall
be carried out in a screened room.
2.1.3
Environmental conditions
Sections Three, Four and Five of IEC 107-1 shall be applied.
2.1.4 Power supply
2.1.4.1
Bias network
When measuring the characteristics of an outdoor unit, it is necessary to supply d.c. or
a.c. power to it without influencing the output signal. For this purpose, a bias network such
as that shown in figure 1 can be used.
NOTE - Reverse connection of the bias network (see figure 2) is likely to cause damage.
1079-1 ©IEC – 15 –
2.1.4.2 Nominal voltage
The d.c. or a.c. voltage to be applied to the unit during the test shall be within ±2 % of the
nominal operating voltage, unless otherwise specified.
Where only a range of voltages is specified, the nominal voltage shall be taken as the
mean value of this range. Measurements shall be repeated at the limits of the specified
range, as indicated in the following clauses.
2.1.5 Other conditions
2.1.5.1
Accuracy of the measuring instruments
The accuracy of the measuring instruments used, if known, shall either be stated as a
percentage or in decibels as appropriate. Alternatively, the accuracy class may be quoted
as laid down in the relevant publications (under consideration).
2.1.5.2 Stabilization period
The characteristics of an outdoor unit may change for some period after the application of
supply voltage. Unless otherwise specified, measurements should be started after the
stabilization of the characteristics is obtained.
2.2 Radio-frequency input signals
2.2.1 Introduction
The following input signals shall be used.
2.2.2
Test signals
Unless otherwise specified, continuous wave (c.w.) radio-frequency (r.f.) signals shall be
used.
2.2.3 Test frequencies
Unless otherwise specified, test frequencies shall be selected near the nominal carrier
frequency of each broadcast channel, as specified by the standards of the count ry or
countries in which the equipment is intended for use.
2.2.4
Radio-frequency input arrangement
Depending on the input facilities of the equipment under test, the radio-frequency input
signal can be applied in three different ways:
a)
by means of a waveguide, having a flange and a cross-section compatible with the
input of the unit;
b)
by means of a coaxial cable and a connector compatible with the input of the unit;
c) by means of a transmitting antenna generating a field of wanted level at the
receiving antenna which provides the electrical input signal for the unit.
1079-1 © I EC – 17 –
When two or more signals are to be applied (two or multi-signal measuring methods),
suitable combining networks, such as hybrid networks or directional couplers with the
specified characteristic impedance shall be used to connect the various signal generators.
All unused terminals shall be terminated with matched loads.
When input arrangement indicated in c) is used, the signals of the various generators are
combined before application to the transmitting antenna.
NOTE - Any type of hybrid such as magic tee, rat-race or hybrid-ring can be used.
2.2.5 Input signal level
The input signal level to an outdoor unit shall be expressed according to the input arrange-
ment used (see 2.2.4).
2.2.5.1 Available power
With the input arrangement a) or b) of 2.2.4, the input signal level is expressed in terms of
available power at the output of the signal generator, including its associated network.
The available power is the power delivered by the signal generator to a matched load. It is
expressed in milliwatts and can be calculated by the following formula:
_ (mW)
P
R
where
P = available power (mW);
9 = electromotive force at the output terminal of the signal generator (V);
Rg = output resistance of the signal generator (S2).
2.2.5.2 Power flux density
With input arrangement c) of 2.2.4, the input signal level is expressed in terms of power
flux density (PFD) at the aperture plane of the receiving antenna, calculated as follows:
PAG
PFD= (W/m2)
4nd 2
where
power delivered by the signal generator to the input of the transmitting antenna (W);
PA =
G = gain of the transmitting antenna in the direction towards the receiving antenna;
d = distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna (m), measured
between the electrical centres.
1079-1 ©IEC - 19
2.2.5.3 Siting of the antennas
The antennas shall be placed at least 4 m above ground level to lessen the interference
by the reflected wave from the ground. When a slant antenna range* setting (see figure 3)
is used, the transmitting antenna can be placed on the ground while the receiving antenna
is placed at the top of a tower.
To avoid measurement errors caus
...
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